Introduction
Yuan Shao's north dream of bully course of study, spread out for the center with Ye city namely, but the failure that confronts miserable intense finally; And after Cao holds capturing Ye city, unexpectedly " accede " the loser's program, become bully line of business eventually however. Poor ground of this kind of day is other rear, what to produce after all?
Below Ceng Weitian " the leader of an alliance " , illegally or forcibly occupy " the first town of military importance " , overlord of this one party 10 years expeditionary countless, unplug another " eyesore " , consolidate oneself position. But one turn one's head discovers him leakage dropped an awful match however, the family does not have at a loose end likewise in this paragraph of time, accumulated more more powerful than oneself strategy latent capacity even. Although right now oneself actual strength still takes actor, but if whats are done, continue indulge the other side is done big, changeover of strong weak condition is sooner or later thing, and difference can pull bigger more conversely, oneself with respect to all the more not be its adversary.
How to do?
Hit! With multiple the military strength at the other side, give stroke actively a decisive battle, this will replace him " prospective overlord " strangle in " cradle " in!
However the result of this one battle is however, "Overlord " of the position come true ahead of schedule alternately! Original " the old " suffering a crushing defeat, from now on cannot recover after a setback, manage even oneself old " the first town of military importance " in also falling to adversary hand; And serve as originally " challenger " a, succeed not only " on " , and further, make that period most ictus.
Encounter disastrous defeat, it is Yuan Shao; And this decisive battle, it is the battle of famous Guan Du. New overlord, also need not say more, nature is the Cao Cao of north of China of after this unify. But that " town of military importance " , people however may not is hep.
It like be the same as Nanjing, be " 6 government ancient capital " . This is located in the ancient capital of North China Plain, it is Heibei Ye city. Its in the Christian era 3 centuries come the setting of the storm and stress of nearly 400 years of old division issues the Northern and Southern Dynasties of advance of 6 centuries the Kingdom of Wei, serve as Cao Wei early or late, hind Zhao, Ran Wei, before swallow, the Eastern Wei Dynasty 534-550, the Northern Qi Dynasty 6 government capital. Qin Han in order to fall, the Chinese north is the most wonderful your beautiful writing before Sui Tang, around move this ancient capital is performed.
Yuan Shao's north dream of bully course of study, spread out for the center with Ye city namely, but the failure that confronts miserable intense finally; And after Cao holds capturing Ye city, unexpectedly " accede " the loser's program, become bully line of business eventually however. Poor ground of this kind of day is other rear, what to produce after all? Library father's younger brother is told today.
The begin of the story and ending, be absent Ye city. This is told 196 years from the Christian era even case.
In those days in August, cao Cao Yinghan displays the Supreme Being to make prosperous from Luoyang move the capital to another place, this is historic " nip the emperor in order to make vassal " . Cao Wei's capital experienced after this to arrive again to Ye city from Xu Chang the changeover of Luoyang. Around Ye this enters, it is Cao Cao and political power of Cao the Kingdom of Wei rear seek hegemony the grand strategy route chart of the world.
1
Cao holds Dou Xuchang: Accident inevitable however choice
Cao Cao " nip the emperor in order to make vassal " of make choice of new " national capital " -- Xu Chang, make a person a little accident it seems that it seems that, because this city had never made capital before this.
Why does he make such choice?
We need to treat Cao Cao's located at that time strategy condition.
When those, 18 vassal denounce Dong Zhuogang to just went 6 year, the Christian era after 192 years Dong Zhuo dies, each vassal begin to set up a separatist regime by force of arms one party, the world chasing the deer-fight for the throne. At this moment actual strength is the strongest, when the carry on that belong to Yuan, seize deep and remote, and, look forward to, green the ground of 4 cities, male crouch Heibei; The Zhang Yang inside watch of Liu of the Yuan Shu austral the Huaihe River, Jing Zhou, river, Nanyang piece Lvbu of embroider, Xuzhou all is temporarily Ying Jie, xi Liang all will control the central Shaanxi plain.
Where is Cao Cao?
Cao Cao closes those who take is 2 cities of Yan, comfort, this situation comparatives actually awkward, be placed in big powers, suffer on four sides enemy. Under this situation, good tiger cannot sustain group wolf, it is impossible that sheet relies on defence to attempt to defend the territory of his country to be not broken. Only existent way, it is active aggression! Aggression is best defence, must be in as far as possible inside short time, efficient ground removes the strategy all around is minatory. The word although so say, realizing the difficulty that rise is to be able to be imagined however.
But Cao Cao was accomplished! And swift and violent arrive mysterious, used 4 years of time to realize a center to blossom only, fight a way of a blood, china of north of final calm down!
And he can realize such great exploit, with choose a site for the capital this one pace chooses Xu Chang not to have nothing to do is.
The domain Yan that holds in Cao, comfort 2 cities churchyard, optimal choice is ancient capital Luoyang undoubtedly originally, but right now Luoyang already was gotten by agitate of chaos caused by war broken can'ts bear, a few into remains, xu Chang is optional optimal place.
(the graph installs the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor to build vassal set up a separatist regime by force of arms situation)
Ying plain county is belonged to when Xu Chang, its " you accuse on the west, the name of a river in Shaanxi and Henan provinces, the Huaihe River, Si is brought east, journey spoke collect, turn be defeated to be connected easily, open country is wide smooth, agrarian collect depend on... also area of form Cheng Zhi also " , manage the position of 4 battle originally. But because Yuan Shu did not do big, Liu Biaosu right now,do not have high aim, reason makes Chang Zhiwan between city, Shou Chun broad Campagna, all be strategic buffer instead, be browbeaten not easily by the enemy.
After Cao Wei occupies Xu Chang, made the first strategy decision-making -- make next have garrison troops or peasants open up wasteland and grow food grain:
"The husband decides national art, in Yu Jiangbing sufficient feed, qin Ren with urgent farming hold the world concurrently, filial piety fierce decides the Western Regions with have garrison troops or peasants open up wasteland and grow food grain, the gram makes the same score the world. The gram makes the same score the world..
Surround in Xu Douzhou energetically have garrison troops or peasants open up wasteland and grow food grain, persuade class farming mulberry, the army provisions earning of here, for after this Cao Cao and art of Lv Bu, Yuan, Liu has, piece battle of embroider all previous, and with Yuan Shao's Guan Du decisive battle was offerred the strongest prop up.
Choose a site for the capital makes prosperous and unload have garrison troops or peasants open up wasteland and grow food grain at making, to Cao Wei initial stage is in calcaneal of Central Plains halt, it is the one court that has conclusive sense.
Greet consecratory emperor, choose a site for the capital makes prosperous, the results with very crucial another, it is to close took large quantities of a person with breadth of vision.
Ying plain, Ru Nasu is the countryside of Mingshi, cao Cao because " involuntary discharge of urine of castrate of spay of go to live in the household of one's in-laws on getting married is ugly " reason of one's previous experience, in initial stage person a group of things with common features many what object, of submit to the authority of another little. But the emperor is in hand, the Chinese end of the ground of the place person a group of things with common features estate has larger possibility Cao Cao of submit to the authority of another. After choose a site for the capital makes prosperous,
In fact, the main think tank of group of Cao the Kingdom of Wei, the Ying that is all of one suit almost plain person a group of things with common features, you of the that be like a surname, Xun You, bell, Guo Jia, Chen Qun, this is the most crucial factor that group of Cao the Kingdom of Wei rises abruptly quickly. The talent is the first productivity!
Accordingly, choose a site for the capital makes prosperous, it is Cao Cao is based on the specific requirement at that time, make first-rate reality choose, the rise that is oneself laid solid foundation.
But Cao Cao should achieve his older ambition, must want to walk out of Xu Chang. His next, the structure that changes boreal China thoroughly.
2
"China north the first town of military importance "
Heibei Ye city, this will be the center that Cao Cao postpones great plan greatly truly.
Gu Yecheng, be located nowadays the 3 villages office that Heibei visits southwest of the county that face Zhang to make an appointment with 20 kilometers, there is park of Ye city relics over there. Compare at those ancient capital that still are flourishing big city up to now, ye city this " 6 government ancient capital " now is the eye since not very really it seems that, but the brilliant history of here contain cannot die out however.
(the graph is Ye city relics today appearance)
From age the fair Zhong Jian that depend on a canal discusses Qi Huan only then buy, hold the post of commutation of historical wind and cloud, current flow to decline, till elephant of the Northern Zhou Dynasty 2 years (the Christian era 580 years) the Yang Jian of the Sui Chao that be built by acting later the Northern Zhou Dynasty gives orders to destroy useless, site of Ye city town did not change from beginning to end between 1300, this is built in China is very infrequent on city history. All previous of time brings a great change to the worlds 1000 carry, today the geographical environment of here and ancient time already were very different. Gu Yecheng is located conditional it may be said is advantaged.
Civilization of an ancient name for China is inchoative at Central Plains the Huanghe valley, and North China Plain is the Campagna area with the largest the Huanghe valley. The position with Ye located city belongs to condition of city of look forward to in Chinese generation. Ji Zhou already fell in Sui Tang till Changjiang Delta area arisen previously, it is the barn of the screen of river the name of a river in Shaanxi and Henan provinces, the world, element has " Wo Ye a thousand li, civilian person abundant is gotten the better of, arms actor food is enough " praise. Wei Luyu of Cao of the Three Kingdoms makes " Ji Zhou talks " when evaluate Ji Zhou to say:
"Over the world country also. ... Tang Yu already came, ji Zhou is a gathering place of fish orbeasts of sages and men of virtue, treasure ground of the monarch. East river above, on the west since the river, south river with north, yi Shui with south, cream soil a thousand li, the place of heaven and earth is met, the place of yin and yang is handed in, alleged China also. Alleged China also..
Of Ye city " Ye " word, the Sun Zhuan Xu that comes from Huangdi is unborn " great undertaking " the meaning of living ground. Belong to when age defend a country, wei De is when the Warring States, when Xi Menbao treats Ye, overhaul irrigation works brings Zhang Shui Gaiye, the city gets developing first. And a series of canals of cut of period of the Kingdom of Wei of Cao of by Chinese end and conduit are like benefit water transport canal, Bai Maqu, ask for the need of 3 county Wu Huan because of north especially, open state of white channel, smooth captive, spring 3 canal, formed thereby by Han channel, canal of another name for Kaifeng, white channel, make the same score captive canal, spring the You Jianghuai that city canal join rises is direct Beijing, the canal system of be well versed in of north and south, formed what be a center with Ye city to develop waterborne network.
(the graph is signal of system of aqueduct of Ye city periphery)
Ye city communicates Yellow River north and south, join for north too the traffic communications center of travel hill thing. The lofty in Xi Yiqian too row, classics too row the Fu mouth Xing of 8 Xing, well Xing, Zhi closes, the passageway such as Meng Men and and the city is downy (Shanxi) be interlinked; North faces Yang He of Zhang river, Fu, wait through river of a small bay in a river of afore-mentioned artificial canals and Huan water, Yellow River, Hu hand in collect, beijing town can be entered continuously on north; Southeast two to all occupy the Yellow River, the river is crossed to arrive directly at Yu Dongping from Li Yang south former, can cross chasm via Xing this world more, fall to enter Jianghuai Campagna continuously by Ying water, Ru Shuina; Toward ferry of Dong Zhicang booth (county of Shandong in relief cereal) cross a river namely thorough Yan city and Shandong peninsula.
So superior geographical environment reachs convenience terraqueous traffic condition, the great river leans before, back high mountain, into can attack retreat can defend, those who add population and manufacturing data is ceaseless accumulate, make Ye city replaces Han Dan to become China north the first town of military importance, more bring up the special status with Ye unique in nearly 400 years of troubled times city.
3
Advantage bureau hits Yuan carry on rarely to break
Is right now Ye city in Heren's hand?
The Central Plains that the answer is at that time " overlord " -- Heibei Yuan Shao.
From the Christian era Dou Xuchang will come 196 years in August Guan Du of 200 the beginning of the year is big prewar, cao Cao leaves make the next have garrison troops or peasants open up wasteland and grow food grain, two steps that take Ying plain person of exceptional ability take the strategy, piece of embroider is made the same score 4 years inside time, destroy Liu of the central Shaanxi plain of Lv Bu, accept, art that kill Yuan, drive has,
In this paragraph of time, what is Yuan Shao doing? It is to be in likewise do dilate. The Christian era 199 years, yuan Shao is in force of Zan of eyesore a surname eventually China north is complete efface, the force such as be in harmony of aperture of the Zhang Yang inside the river, the North sea also is digested absorb end.
Then, cao, Yuan is not had twice can prevent ground in collision. The summit summit that boreal China who will win decides on history of the Three Kingdoms is right definitely, be about to perform!
(what the graph crosses for the official is prewar set up a separatist regime by force of arms situation)
We need not say the process that the official crosses big fight and final result more, basically talk here from strategic level, yuan Shao is defeated after all where.
Rise 190 years early in the Christian era arms is expeditionary when Dong Zhuo, yuan Shao and Cao Cao let his thought flow freely to did not come each other, already calm Chen Jizhan plans slightly: "The river is occupied south me, boreal block swallow is acting, di Zhi holding army concurrently is numerous, south to in order to contend for the world, is be the concubine OK aid? " Cao Cao is opposite: "I holds the post of the intelligence of the world, with line drive, without place cannot. Without place cannot..
From this one answer can see, carry on had had the Yuan in those days to set up a separatist regime by force of arms China north plans with disputing the detailed strategy of the world after that. And Cao Cao belongs to talk in generalities basically, extremelying He Ke operates program. In Yuan Shao's strategic principle, first order demarcate is main Qing Su deep and remote, swallow, look forward to, and the ground. Regrettablly as a result of excessive persistence at this target, bring about Cao Cao to be done in Central Plains big. This is the germ place that its fail.
Yuan Shaoke says is to become also Heibei, be defeated also a typical example of Heibei.
When Dong Zhuo four is swept past, yuan Shaoting suggests from adviser, borrow at 189 years machine into be stationed in China north, can saying was to grab the most crucial strategy first machine. The dominant position with the largest North China Plain is area of ground predestined relationship height is independent: In Xi Liqian too row, 10 thousand lis of coastal areas and territorial seas are east, upper Yan Shan surrounds, there is Yellow River lie across south. The world of in every case rises at the beginning of chaos greatly, north China Plain is to set up a separatist regime by force of arms absolutely with rule the region of base oneself upon not two anthology. Yuan Shao is entered advocate after Hua Beizhi it is bully property basis with Ye city for a short while.
But also cut off as a result of all directions border the gender is too strong, alien is entered do not come while inside go out very hard also. The Yellow River is in once a certain number of crossing of generation of river the name of a river in Shaanxi and Henan provinces are blocked by adversary, be equivalent to seal be closinged among them. If do not satisfy at setting up a separatist regime by force of arms, have keep in mind however at contending for the world, so the strategic way with Yuan right carry on should be: After base oneself upon is stable, be contended for for a short while or control 2 states of comfort, Yan (no matter who be,occupy this place, should serve as chief rival) , safeguard oneself is in the free wayleave of Yellow River two sides.
Although Yuan Shao destroys at 199 the beginning of the year a surname Zan and Zhang Yang are made the same score eventually decide China north, however south to the strategy first machine already broke. Because right now Cao Cao already reached greater part of comfort, Yan, green, Xu according to having the central Shaanxi plain, no matter be the latent capacity of domain, population, army provisions, will overtake very quickly the Yuan Shao that has Heibei only, yuan carry on if right now not south below, prospective strength gap is met only bigger and bigger. This namely the prime cause that Yuan Shao is eager to launching this decisive battle.
(the war battle signal that the graph crosses for the official)
Of course, outside dividing strategic miscarriage of justice, level of person of knowledge of Yuan carry on, choose and employ persons also follows Cao Cao gap is huge, also be its disastrous defeat advocate so one.
Cao of no less than holds in prewar evaluation in that way:
"Carry on mark is big and wisdom little, lubricious severe and bravery is thin, avoid is overcome and little power, arms is much and cent picture is unidentified, arrogant government order is differ. arrogant government order is differ..
The defeat utterly of battle Yuan carry on that 200 years the official crosses the Christian era, hind die of illness 202 years at the Christian era. Back-to-back 204 years, the Ye that Yuan Shao works hard, also be held by Cao in be fought inside him Zhu Zi pull sb's chestnuts out of the fire, with one action captures.
Coming is Han Moye the Cao Wei Shi with the most glaring city is acting!
4
Same strategy plans, result day is fastened poorly
204 years Cao Cao attacks the Christian era Ye, will bring in May flood fill Ye, half an year of last a period of time is in eventually hardship will capture in August Ye city.
From this, 220 years till the Christian era Cao of the first month of the lunar year holds Luoyang of move the capital to another place of the Cao Pi after dying, even more 16 years Li Yecheng is exercise all the time the function of government office of Cao Wei bully and Wang Dou. Cao Cao rises from the day that breaks a wall, with respect to the king property basis Cao Wei the lock is in surely Ye city.
[note: Imperial power of history general built on stilts, photograph a government with armament all, the arrange of authority official government office that makes nominal power center and real power center separate calls bully government office. And make from change take the place of to Cao Pi Chinese, han Ting and the emperor are resided all the time " national capital " Xu Chang. ]
Cao Cao " base camp " change comes change goes, the program that having a system rear? Have of course, just...
Say to make a person fab, cao Cao rises according to Ye city from 204 years, the design of strategy carrying a layer on the head of the calm down the world that its pursue is completely actually " borrowed " Yuan Shao! You were not misreaded, it is completely duplicate Yuan Shao!
Because its strategy miscarriage of justice brings about plateful to all be defeated,just said Yuanshao, cao Cao takes this old road even, is this brain short circuit?
Actually, be a condition is different, make same strategy plans however the effect is disparate.
This Yuan, Cao two northward overlords " share " the strategy always plans, come from a reputation to appear so not celebrated figure -- stop award.
Be in early 2 years are made the same score first (the Christian era 191 years) , yuan Shao gets herd of city of look forward to oneself (feudal provincial or prefectural governor changes to be city herd when the Eastern Han Dynasty) town Ye.
"Zhen Yijun's soldier, of city of gather look forward to numerous, new moon of power shake river, the name weighs the world. ... the north of horizontal great river, add up to the ground of 4 cities, accept heroic gift, embrace hundred numerous, greet drive Yu Xijing greatly, answer ancestral temple Yu Luoyi, order the world, did not add in order to denounce, contend for with this sharp edge, who can enemy? Who can enemy??
Great rejoicing of Yuan carry on, glibly agrees.
Regrettablly is, actually he accepted partial opinion only, namely " the ground that combines 4 administrative divisions " part, he of additionally a few special key disregarded: It is " greet drive greatly " , 2 be " control person of outstanding ability " , 3 be " return Luo Yi " . And this when, cao operates just all equipment. This namely same below the strategy, the substaintial matter that Yuan fails and Cao result becomes.
Stop award name of falling-rising tone of history of the Three Kingdoms is not shown, because follow,basically be Yuan Shaozao defeats dead be caused by early. Cao Cao is killed stop the Ceng Tandao before awarding, "Gu is gotten early (stop award) , the world is not worth Lv " . Later ages evaluates this person and a surname , Zhu Geliang same, it is the first-rate wisdom character when the the Three Kingdoms. Yuan Shaolian stops award such great gift to cannot develop its ability well, in greet Chinese emperor, in establishing Guan Du of Chu Jun, battle to wait for a series of key decision, abandan again and again, disregard its to suggest, deplorable finally wind up, why to blame another person also!
Review the general trends that past dynasties troubled times sets up a separatist regime by force of arms, if think with setting up a separatist regime by force of arms Heibei is a foundation south to contend for the world, assuring existent lowermost requirement is to be occupied at the same time have green, Xu, the adversary of the land that just can own the name of a river in Shaanxi and Henan provinces of Central Plains river, the central Shaanxi plain together is long-term be locked in a stalemate, because such aux will be able to is formed to Central Plains east, the situation of converging attack of boreal two sides. This namely why Cao Cao in the Christian era the official crossed big prewar evening 200 years in January, not hesitate huge risk should be gotten personally surely army the Xuzhou that answer division solves Liu Bei. Actually Cao holds this one operation to comparative in a extremely dangerous state, it is at that time only confused of Yuan in-house opinion is miscellaneous, be sought more and break less, having plus Liu is really right now not via hitting, just gave Cao Cao the chance of this barely escape one's life. The poison of eye of Cao Cao strategy is knowable!
(the graph is signal of division into districts of Chinese end the world,
Cao Cao is crossed in the official prewar, had held Central Plains comfort, Yan, green, Xu Sizhou and the central Shaanxi plain. Also mention in front, such strategic posture is in fact close Heibei seal. Although do not have Guan Du's battle, false with time, relative dominant position will expand continuously, carry on of annex Heibei Yuan also is sooner or later thing.
5
Cao Wei Yecheng: Of bully course of study base, of later ages model
In fact, after Cao holds Guan Du to be gotten the better of greatly, to it is after all continueing still is on north south the strategy below is decision-making go up, it is hesitant all the time. Although be defeated,what be anxious on north is Yuan Shao, but actual strength still is in, be afraid of not enemy; The hidden trouble that plays south is Cao Wei still does not have water army almost, this is opposite with Liu Biao definitely when it is apparent blemish, be afraid of deeply.
Give out finally strategical proposal, sturdy Cao does the crucial person that new moon of river of the calm down on north is determined, the Ying that is famous of plain a surname and Xun You.
After Guan Du will be gotten the better of greatly 201 years in September, cao Cao answers division to make, desire south issue Jing Zhou, its idea is the clearance that wants to multiply carry on of defeat utterly Yuan, attack denounce " soft persimmon " Liu Biao.
A surname is dissuaded say, ought to take the advantage of Yuan Shaoxin to was defeated to clear away him rapidly, otherwise southing may be stricken back by its backside assault:
"Today carry on is defeated, its are numerous centrifugal, appropriate is stranded by its, decide then; And back Yan, comfort, yuan Shijiang, Chinese, if carry on receives the others ashes, take advantage of a weak point in order to give person hind, criterion public affairs goes.
Cao Cao is agreed with deeply.
After two years, because Cao Cao attacks Yuan suffocate suffocate, again desire watch of Na Zheng Liu.
Xun You objects again, liu Biao does not have menace, should take the advantage of Yuan children civil strife fast battle quick decision:
"Season lower part is occupied, and Liu Biao sits protect river, Chinese, its do not have all directions annals knowable. Today Yuan brother... situation not be satisfactory to both sides, random and those who take, the world is decided. The world is decided..
Cao Cao is persuaded again. Answer division north to go up then, this ability had 204 years to capture Ye.
From this, cao Cao keeps clear of force of complete broom Yuan deep and remote, and, blueness sets up a separatist regime by force of arms force serves as the first first step, according to the strategy that belongs to Yuan Shao originally " play " , begin one by one to clear:
"Build install 10 years (205) the first month of the lunar year, behead Yuan Tan; ... will impose deep and remote state in August, behead Zhao calf; ... build bring 11 years of the first month of the lunar year, be asked for on the west and state senior officer; ... 12 years in March, north asks for bolus of 3 county black, destroy Ta pauses chief of the Xiongnu in ancient China; ... distant east viceregal a surname come over and pledge allegiance of chopped-off head of health behead Yuan Shang, Yuan Xi.
Participate in 190 years from the Christian era vassal denounce Dong Zhuo to calculate in all case, cao does last a period of time 18 years, finished northward unify finally at 208 the beginning of the year.
Take next Ye cities 204 years from the Christian era, build Ye wall (city of north pointing to Ye, the city austral Ye is build when the Eastern Wei Dynasty 534-550 after more than 300 years) made Cao Cao's lifetime career.
The build of Cao Wei Yecheng initiated position of Chinese city plane especially the new rule of capital build is made. Beijing of another name for Kaifeng of city of Chang'an of later ages Sui Tang, Northen Song Dynasty, yuan mostly, Ming Qingzi stands a city even the mode that many ancient capital of Japanese is follow Cao Wei Yecheng. Its are main the feature has: The form that casts off Qin Han capital to lack whole to plan is made, the axes in be being returned to again and symmetrical layout; Gong Cheng, outside the city is double structure; Division of life of office of Gong Cheng, official and dweller has an area space, form chessboard body enclosed layout.
Concept of build of this kind of capital, solid it is to come from " week ceremony · takes an examination of labour to write down " , requirement city depends on day of round place and the setting is square, every side city wall is 9 lis long, open 3, road of the freely inside the city 9 horizontal strokes 9 vertical stroke, ave width setting is can walk along 9 carriage at the same time, zun Jiantai temple is right establish altar of the god of the land and the god of the grain-the state, imperial court location is before, the market is after (" artisan battalion country, fang Jiuli, by 3, the 9 classics in the country 9 abb, via Tu Jiu course, zun Zuyou company, the city after look out " ) .
Because period of Chinese of the Qin Dynasty counts the chaos caused by war of hundred years through the Warring States, ceremony collapse is very happy, qin Douxian this world and Chang'an of the Western Han Dynasty have no the program that can have a system. The layout such as government-owned office, civilian house, shopping centre is mixed and disorderly, the axes in lacking, gong Cheng is built on naturally situation commanding elevation mostly and dispersive platoon cloth, for instance Han Changle palace and not ended palace are arranged with respect to parallel.
(the graph is Chinese Chang'an city plan)
Till Cao Wei, after the condition that arranged in-house disorder, capital design concept can be returned to eventually " Zhou Li " classic situation.
Thing of city of Ye of Cao the Kingdom of Wei 7 lis, north and south 5 lis. Outside city total 7 city gate, south 3 north 2 things each one. The eastpart part is built spring the door and western Jinmingmen is divided with the highway Jiang Yecheng of be well versed in of a thing for north and south two parts. Upper center is palace the city zone, xi Weiyuan animals farm (cupreous sparrow garden) , qi Li is east (influential officials place is resided) . The south is goverment office in feudal China of inferior officer office, market and residential area. Palace area from south hold the axes in the city to north, from south open door comes in city gate stop door, come again end door of palace town front door, belfry drum-tower stands after, it is Wen Changdian ever since. Wen Changdian is " the emperor face is met guest, enjoy group of official, the hall of great gift " , namely outside face main hall. The hold court hall of article Chang Diandong as photograph government office, it is office of day of Chang Chao, day. The palace after two bring up the rear are namely. The Zun Sai of the Western Jin Dynasty's famous 3 the Kingdom of Wei in be being endowed with are endowed with, those who say is the extensive great appearance of Ye city.
(the graph is ichnography of Cao Wei Yecheng)
The building with Ye the most well-known city group, serve as a name namely sentence " east wind not with Zhou Lang, cupreous Qiao Chunshen locks up 2 tall " 3 of setting, be in namely cupreous sparrow garden the cupreous sparrow stage that side is fundamental build with the city wall on the west (repair 208 years) , Jin Hu stage (repair 210 years) , stage glacial a well (repair 214 years) . Cupreous sparrow table is high 10 a unit of length, house 100; Golden tiger table is high 8 a unit of length, house 140; Table glacial a well is high 8 a unit of length, buy icehouse, there is deep well of 15 a unit of lengths several times inside.
Of course, 3 are not for " Suo Erqiao " and build, among them store have goods and materials of a large number of war for military use, be linked together with can receiving cabinet of the pontoon that put type to. After cupreous sparrow stage builds, cao Cao invites everybody Qi Zhiyou to admire namely, life Zhu Zi makes an ode with cupreous sparrow stage. Cao Zhi is made " cupreous sparrow stage is endowed with " the classical name that is Han Fuzhong piece, say:
"The Cuo that builds tall door highs, float Shuang Que too clear; Establish the Hua Guanxi of culmination, lian Feige on the west city, the length of the water that face Zhang flows, look at the grow flourish of the orchard. Look at the grow flourish of the orchard..
Cao Pi is made " appearance ode foreword " , say:
"Flying cabinet rises abruptly its rise especially, layer building Yan Yicheng day, the stage is free in order to allow with, swim a little eye at the west hill. Swim a little eye at the west hill..
Later ages past dynasties all for many times reparative 3, for Ye city on building history one marvellous spectacle. Supply with water to ensure a city at the same time, dark line of classics of the water that bring Zhang issues a city to traverse by cupreous sparrow stage and go out.
Cao Wei manages Ye, it is for plan of a capital not only of course make, 16 years of Ye, benevolent rule Pure Brightness, light Yao Bao Fu, energetically have garrison troops or peasants open up wasteland and grow food grain, make Heibei generation restores quickly to become Cao Wei's rear area. Brunt of Cao Wei Zhongjun also all the time be stationed at Ye, chibi of 208 years of a watch that ask for Liu, battle, attack Chinese Sun Quan of medium, refus all is to set out from here, the farewell after hostilities ends puts in here 's charge.
Cao father and son two acting people, be credential Ye city, civil and military develops simultaneously, wide take the world person of exceptional ability, become line of business of the Supreme Being eventually.
6
Ye is very good, but Luoyang must be answered
So far, stop award in those days strategic plan goes last step only -- " return Dou Luoyi " . To the Christian era 219 years, cao Cao also was advanced so really, october comes Luoyang, begin to execute operation of this move the capital to another place personally. Regrettablly is Cao Cao 220 years at the Christian era the first month of the lunar year died. Article emperor Cao bigs successive unfulfilled wish you father, change the designation of an imperial reign of of the same age " Huang Chu " , dai Han of Luoyang of official move the capital to another place is free-standing. Ye city rings down the curtain at this point as historical mission of Wei Dou.
(the graph is Huangchu the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor namely the Christian era situation of tripartite confrontation of 220 years of the Three Kingdomses)
Spent great strength to repair a can to weigh perfect Ye, does the measure that gives arrangement to stop 30 years ago abandon Ye change the name of a river in Shaanxi and Henan provinces? Is this dogmatic?
Not be of course, luoyang of move the capital to another place is the alternative that Cao Wei Bi needs.
Because of right now situation and this before very different, the result that China north administers ten years via Cao Wei, regnant already special and firm, if right now still city of Ye of choose a site for the capital, fight in some places one by one of Cao Wei Zhongjun everywhere, time and economic cost are tremendous.
After move the capital to another place, luoyang of be stationed of Cao Wei Zhongjun, when comparing Dou Yecheng, but leave out spans of Yellow River natural barrier trival, and the march distance that reduces about 400 kilometers directly. In ancient time this is 20 days come about of a month turn into time. Speed is too important in war!
From this, cao Wei built system of perfect national defence strategy:
Be in on the west line, depend on Chang'an and the kingdom of Shu Han long-term stand facing each other. Northern expedition of all previous of later ages Zhuge Chengxiang, all Sha feather and return, reside Luoyang because of Cao Wei Zhongjun namely greatly, the time that place of Chang'an giving pull by hand needs shortens greatly.
River Chinese a gleam of, city of guard chaste tree, suppress, Sichuan, wan Cheng of Henan town of military importance can regard the front supply between Luoyang and Jing Zhou as base.
A gleam of of river the Huaihe River, cao Wei occupies Shou Chun, here and assist this world are same, it is north and south of cold enginery times is contended for sharp edge chess eye place. Who is grasped have Shou Chun, who holds the strategy to counterpoise actively, into can attack retreat can defend.
Onetime capital makes prosperous, those who become Cao Wei " barn " , can regard front supply of Shou Chun as base. In fact, after Luoyang of choose a site for the capital, cao Pi, Cao Fang have successively held the posts of Wei Dijun for many times to go on an inspection tour make. Make the importance that regards a military affairs as base be reflected again.
(the world that the graph is period of the Three Kingdoms " chess eye " -- Shou Chun and assist this world)
Below such platoon cloth, cao Wei final unify the whole country is time problem only.
From Xu Zhiye, come again the name of a river in Shaanxi and Henan provinces, two move the capital to another place of Cao Wei, all be a basis circumstance of current affairs progress, timely the strategy that make is adjusted. What its whole pursues is to stop in those days the strategic train of thought that sex of the look up before awarding puts forward. Can say, cao Wei is complete realized one of all north according to this program systematically, dai Han's free-standing target. Although Cao Wei is final,be transitory only kind, only all previous 45 carry be replaced by department Martens place namely, its are strong rising abruptly to still can call is Chinese end perfect counterattack!
Civil | Zhang Lei
Editor | Wang Zhiku of Huang Junfeng Bing
(article picture all comes from a network)
