Shake of Tang Shan earth goes 40 old, but how many person there is to but how many person there is,have a relatively complete knowledge to the process of this one big calamity?
"Of shock world Tang Shan is big on July 28, 1976 earthquake, ever was come to by well and truly dope before shake. Ever was come to by well and truly dope before shake..
Writer Zhang Qingzhou passes Tang Shan to be investigated for long, disclosed this one astonishing information 5 years to common people namely. " reportage " the full length investigation that magazine company rolls out Zhang Qingzhou " Tang Shan alarm the world is recorded " , opened little-known one act another act...
"Before the earthquake, the earthquake monitored a net to cover area of whole Tang Shan. " Zhang Qingzhou cite 1986 " the earthquake signs up for " statistical data says, 1976 first half of the year, tang Shan area group the backbone dot in measuring a place amounts to 85.
"All sorts of unusual already very apparent, the microamper list that the smooth earthquake that monitor uses did not know to burn how many. " Zhang Qingzhou says, investigate according to him, great majority monitoring point discovered different level face shake unusual, at least ten the dot issued the short-term forecast that face shake to ranking unit.
Zhang Qingzhou spreads out a few dishes of tape toward the table, say to the reporter, "This is a few party interview recording, what tell inside is a 20 many secret year ago. What tell inside is a 20 many secret year ago..
In those days in the staff member of the net of Tang Shan earthquake that monitor, zhang Qingzhou says his impression is the deepest, it is the Ma Xi be in harmony of stage of earthquake of mine of channel of home of horse opening Luan. This has held the position of Heibei to save the 6th, 7, the old man of 7 a period of ten days of members of standing committee of 8 National People's Congress, ever issued the forecast that face shake twice.
Begin from May 28, 1976, be in harmony discovers Ma Xi, smooth all the time ground resistor leads the phenomenon that the value appeared to drop at high speed. He intensifies sight gauge calculating at the same time, notice to observe groundwater and animal change at the same time. For discreet for the purpose of, ma Xi be in harmony still undertakes communication with station of other earthquake stage, affirm the result that monitor is not had finally by accident. On July 6, ma Xi be in harmony visits office of earthquake of seismic bureau, Bureau of Mines opening Luan formally to national earthquake bureau, Heibei, give out short-term the urgent forecast that will produce strong shock.
On July 14, group of national earthquake bureau comes two analyse forecast room to be in charge of the expert of terrestrial electricity. They checked equipment, circuitry, did not discover any problems, point out later, interference causes terrestrial electricity block leads a value to drop.
" Tang Shan alarm the world is recorded " recorded Ma Xi be in harmony and expert of national earthquake bureau the dialog that day.
Expert: If the opinion according to you, was Tang Shan destroyed in the earthquake?
Ma Xi be in harmony: I am this view.
Expert: If be big shock really, there will be a lot of small shakes before happening.
Ma Xi be in harmony: If produce big shock first, does small shake happen after group?
Expert: There still is such shake exemple on the world.
Ma Xi be in harmony: Bridge of the earth after Chang Li is professional earthquake stage, why do nearly two months come are curvilinear configuration and my stage so consistent?
Expert: Hind line of inside and outside of stage of earthy bridge earthquake is very random, also admitting now is unusual.
Ma Xi be in harmony: Do then you see our earthquake table?
Expert: Very good. I send a few materials to you after, you learn study of be used to well.
On July 26, 27 days, rate of terrestrial electricity block falls quickly again. Consider carefully repeatedly, 27 days 18 when, ma Xi be in harmony takes a telephone call, give out strong shock to face shake forecast to office of earthquake of Bureau of Mines opening Luan: "The urgent revulsion that terrestrial electricity block leads is changed, mirrorred a lithosphere to upright to mutate character, by small burst sharp large crack, than sea wall the earthquake with 7.3 even big step will happen possibly at any time. " be apart from Tang Shan earth right now shake happening is only 9 hours.
The last dusk before the earthquake, return the Geng Qing state that has Beijing earthquake group anxiously like Ma Xi be in harmony.
Geng Qing country is in the mother-in-law home of 3 lis of collect that evening. The dress that the family member says the air outside house climbs full ant. Geng Qing country lowers his head to look, a tide. Already ran to forecast this earthquake the Geng Qing of much day state-maintaineds quarter make judgement, this is groundwater upgrade goes up, want an earthquake! He runs to police station of 3 lis of collect immediately, used the phone over there to undertake final communication with seismic team.
Geng Qing country recalls that paragraph of experience before rising 29 years to the reporter, mood still very excited.
Since July, beijing earthquake team monitors all sorts of unusual already special and apparent. On July 14, beijing earthquake team is urgent call to national earthquake bureau, offer shake condition urgent, ask national earthquake bureau to analyse forecast room to arrange time to listen to a report instantly. National earthquake bureau says, understand a situation to and other places of Tianjin, Tang Shan first, 21 days of rehear are reported.
"Can arrive 21 days, national bureau does not have bearer. Cannot procrastinate again, the analysis of national earthquake bureau that Zhang Guomin of assistant group leader of group of Beijing group business gives a director feeling of China north shake directly forecasted Mei Shirong of room vice director to make a telephone call, the request listens to a report instantly, chengdu of Dan Mei world report time remit to 26 days. " Geng Qing country says.
"26 days that day, national bureau came 15 people, mei Shirong did not arrive. The comrade of national bureau was listened to full after report of a day, communicated Mei Shirong's opinion. " memory says Geng Qing state, at that time Mei Shirong's opinion is " Sichuan north is do shock-proof had been troubled by irremediable, is area of Beijing ferry Tang De again confused one but where will it all end? Beijing is a capital, forecast wants discreet!
"Room of forecast of national earthquake analysis is a decision-making branch, big shock extremely urgent, but we cannot cross that to close. " Geng Qing country says, "According to the seismic level at that time, although the newspaper forbids on July 28, but the at the beginning of August time end July paragraph it is to although the newspaper prohibits 7.8 class,can sign up for the; that go out, but 5 class above is to although the newspaper forbids Tang Shan,can sign up for the; that go out this exact position, but it is OK that Tang Yi takes Beijing ferry the newspaper goes out. In fact before Tang Shan earthquake 6 hours appeared earthquake sounds, flashes of light preceding an earthquake, if give common people to make a call, reducing personal casualty is likely. Reducing personal casualty is likely..
The analysis of national earthquake bureau that listens to report of Beijing earthquake group forecasts Wang Chengmin of group leader of group of room Beijing ferry, also paying close attention to the development of Hua Beizhen affection highly. When Wang Chengmin accepts a reporter to interview, say, with the national earthquake bureau that he is a delegate a batch of young comrades insist to think county of Tang Shan, Luan is taken can have big shock, but their opinion is couldn't get from beginning to end take seriously.
Fall in this kind of setting just about, wang Chengmin was done " aberrance " behavior, also be this second " aberrance " behavior makes be apart from Tang Shan city only the Heibei of 115 kilometers saved Qing Long county to escape this to collapse extremely big disaster.
On July 14, countrywide earthquake group measure group prevent working experience communication to be able to be held in Tang Shan. Wang Chengmin asks to do shake affection to make a speech on congress. Cha Zhiyuan did not agree with the deputy director general of national earthquake bureau that moderates at that time, let him say when evening have an informal discussion, but emphasize cannot representing seismic bureau. such, wang Chengmin uses time of have an informal discussion of 18 days of 17 day, evening, reported " will arrive on July 22 on August 5, county of Tang Shan, Luan takes a likelihood to produce earthquake of 5 class above " shake affection. "I want to create public opinion at that time, shake affection downward disclose. shake affection downward disclose..
After the Wang Chunqing that earthquake of director of committee of science and technology of green dragon county works hears shake affection of Wang Chengmin to report, hurried back at top speed the county. The county leads Ran Anqi give the final decision, on July 25, green dragon county to the county 800 much people made 3 class cadre shake information is accused, before asking to must be in 26 days, shake situation the announcement reachs each person. That evening, ground of most urgent of nearly 100 cadres runs quickly to the commune of respective place.
Shake of Tang Shan earth 20 years of eve, on April 11, 1996, print of Xinhua News Agency sends a message: The town that Chinese Heibei visits green dragon county is apart from Tang Shan city only 115 kilometers, but this county is in epicenter of Tang Shan earth died without one person 1976. County of green recently dragon is labelled about the orgnaization by U.N. " scientific research and administration posture union obtain result " typical.
Zhang Qingzhou spreads out the direct motive force of this difficult investigation to come from a mysterious telephone call.
1996, the novel of earthquake of Tang Shan of Zhang Qingzhou depict " shake city " publish. Soon after, he receives a telephone call. The other side says to him with hoarse bass, beforehand of shake of Tang Shan earth ever was come out by forecast. The person that this mystery is called did not leave his full name, but the clue that provided further investigation this matter to Zhang Qingzhou however -- the Yang Youchen that you can seek office of earthquake of Tang Shan city.
"Seeking the truth is the person's instinct. " after this, zhang Qingzhou begins from Yang Youchen of seek by inquiry, be close to the core of incident step by step.
Yang Youchen tells Zhang Qingzhou, 1968, when mount a horse of shock-proof work of Tang Shan town with respect to his person. After assuming office, he begins to build an earthquake to monitor a network. A few years in, he established 40 many monitoring point early or late inside Tang Shan urban district, each monitoring point sign up for data to him everyday. He although do not have,be appointed at that time, but the real chief that is office of earthquake of Tang Shan city however.
These monitoring point make up the number or the amount by no means. Each factories and mines monitors the controller of a station, it is the undergraduate students of geological school mostly. The school monitors the controller of a station, it is to teach physico-chemical teacher mostly, also be college graduate. They know business not only, and very responsible. Divide Ma Xi be in harmony, hill custom learns in the area just outside a city gate of one medium Mr. Lv Xingya, happy booth (" Culture Revolution " medium say Le Tinggong defends a middle school) a batch of monitor person such as Mr. Hou Shijun were given out quite accurate.
Zhang Qingzhou says to the reporter, yang Youchen catchs an earthquake to forecast since 1968, a piece of massive earthquake was spread to monitor a network in Tang Shan, never dare blink an eye. Maintain an army 1000 days, resort to arms temporarily, be about to catch this big earthquake soon, can not know what reason, textural informs Yang Youchen goes doing school work suddenly however. Become in what earth shake is about to erupt mouth, yang Youchen was forced to leave crucial earthquake to forecast post, remain the person with two not ripe business to be on duty only.
The analysis points out Zhang Qingzhou, yang Youchen is the crucial figure of this net that monitor. The numerous interested parties that he interviews represents, yang Youchen not only very responsible, and dare talk. If Yang Youchen is in at that time Tang Shan, face the so numerous forecast that face shake, regular meeting runs to look for a mayor, look for a secretary, seismic forecast was gone out by his shout certainly. Almost the person of monitoring point of earthquake of every Tang Shan mentions this thing to clutch wrist to heave a sigh.
The earthquake forecasts the ignore that suffer, make Tang Shan's person paid hematic price, also give Zhang Qingzhou one caused disaster and anguish. On July 28, 1976, zhang Qingzhou's eldest sister dies in the earthquake. At that time, eldest sister a foot is blocked by floor, aftershock is ceaseless. To capture lease of life of a gleam of, eldest sister husband is move be forcinged by eldest sister almost, gather up from inside remains give to curium, falling to curium the foot without any anaesthetic conditions. Later because eldest sister is exsanguine overmuch and dead. Those days, tang Shan's person meets each other a word asks the head: "Did your home die a few? "Did your home die a few??
Be this kind rips a heart to crack lung, forever cannot the anguish of close, make Zhang Qingzhou insisted to come down when investigation encounters resistance.
"If say, yang Youchen is transferred to make temporarily of Tang Shan group prevent group of words that measure the job to suffer death warrant, so, of the seismic position that branch of major of one class earthquake produces centrally ' of the thing contend for ' , become the factor with more main earthquake of fail to report sth. " Zhang Qingzhou says so.
Occupy Wang Chengmin to recollect, in January 1975, the hold a conference or consultation of annual countrywide earthquake trend that holds in national earthquake bureau is met on, the expert is right our country the eastpart part 1975, separate out of seismic situation cent showed serious difference 1976. The authority that analyses forecast room people think, chinese the eastpart part from 1969 after Bohai Sea earthquake, seismic activity already hasten is abate, the question is not big. Henceforth 9 years, main risk is in China western, plain another name for Yunnan Province should change to one belt on the strategy, catch 8 class big shock. The expert of a few youths that is a delegate with Wang Chengmin objects ignoring the view of the eastpart part. In May 1976, yunnan produced 7.4 class earthquake, the result makes authoritative people think more sturdily to estimate formerly " main danger danger zone is in western " it is correct. From now on, working centre of gravity changed direction western.
"Shake of earth of hill of development the Tang Dynasty the interior of this incident, resembled entering a magnetic field, in daedal lode, every make a move can feel unprecedented shock and secret anguish. " Zhang Qingzhou says.
"In fact, this findings report was written 2000. " Zhang Qingzhou is holding 20 much words in both hands " Tang Shan alarm the world is recorded " say, "Pressed 5 years! "Pressed 5 years!!
Zhang Qingzhou tells a reporter, when 2000, beijing ever had a big publishing house to want to give this book, just entered presswork program, responsibility editor hits a phone to say, did not go out, because somebody puts forward to want to send careful of national earthquake bureau this book, the result of careful is to was not passed.
"Shake of Tang Shan earth is fast in the past 30 years, should let common people know the fact. " Zhang Qingzhou halt say after half minutes fully, "I do this thing to have an objective only, it is ground of be practical and realistic keep a true record to later generations, make Tang Shan's catastrophe repeats no longer. Make Tang Shan's catastrophe repeats no longer..
As the elapse of time, zhang Qingzhou's effort got the understanding of a few leaders and support eventually. 2004, the Song Ruixiang that director of national earthquake bureau holds the post of when sees " Tang Shan alarm the world is recorded " the book stalks of grain, do it willingly preface. The truth of fail to report sth of shake of Tang Shan earth eventually fair at numerous.
Zhang Qingzhou's investigation begins from 1998, last a period of time two years. Those who investigate difficulty is big, it is Zhang Qingzhou only then expect do not. "No matter be the person that forecasted an earthquake successfully in those days, still be the person as a result of earthquake of fail to report sth of some kind of reason, do not be willing to start to talk. This also is nitty-gritty a 20 accounts that cannot open for years. This also is nitty-gritty a 20 accounts that cannot open for years..
Zhang Qingzhou says, interview to persuade Mei Shirong to accept, he is already incomputable made how many long distance call, in the ashtray that oneself discover after every phone ends much several butt. Created the Ran Anqi of Qing Long's head of a county that does not have miracle of one person death in those days repeatedly, also ask ab. to take up a resposible post repeatedly just is visited.
"Ran Anqi asks at that time, do you have recommendation? Is there official seal? The person of I or organization. " Zhang Qingzhou indissolubles, constituent person how? "Perfectural Party committee has a word, do not let say. Tang Shan broke a sodden acerbity pear, qing Long dies without one person however. National earthquake bureau has not been explained, this thing is pressed fell. " the reason that Ran Anqi explains to he rejects to interview for many times so to Zhang Qingzhou later.
Wang Chengmin discloses to the reporter, on August 20, 1976, heibei province committee of science and technology ever gave out " earthquake group measure group defend brief report " , announced green dragon to prevent the fact of shake of Tang Shan earth successfully first. But did not pass how long, brief was reclaimed.
Wang Chengmin still says, green dragon experience is the public at first witting, want to thank Dr. Cole of U.N. . This U.N. female official, the miracle that Qing Long county learns when congress of woman of the 4th world attended in Beijing in October 1995. Via Chinese government approval, second year, herself takes a team to go to Qing Long to investigate. From now on, spread fast of green dragon miracle, by each country media wide for the report.
"Of the truth opening is need process. " Zhang Qingzhou discloses, up to now, very much Tang Shan's person does not know nitty-gritty. A few people ask about his findings through hearsay, some still holds person flounder in the palm to buy publish " Tang Shan alarm the world is recorded " that period " reportage " magazine.
In these times that interview Zhang Qingzhou, " Chinese news weekly " the reporter visited Tang Shan aseismatic memorial hall. The thing went nearly 30 years, always should see catastrophic whole process. Of unexpected is, 9 exhibition halls have what 8 exhibition halls reveal is " new Tang Shan builds success " . Only an exhibition hall and seismic subject matter are concerned. Forecast a condition as to the earthquake, shrink only 4 in the corner little picture. Of the picture is chicken do not go up nest, weasel moves wait for design. "The person that sees this memorial hall depicted the appearance with unusual animal to go up from these 4, can you see how in those days is Tang Shan having a piece of massive earthquake to monitor a network? " Zhang Qingzhou asks in reply.
Be in Zhang Qingzhou " Tang Shan alarm the world is recorded " come out while, published of Qian Gang 1986 originally then " shake of Tang Shan earth " reprint.
The new version of this book of well known, collected Qian Gang a lecture 2003 stalks of grain. He says, a lot of people ask him, why shake of Tang Shan earth just writes this book after 10 years. Money steel speak bluntly, 1976 that history condition falls, giving this book is impossible. When shake of Tang Shan earth, seismic message and personal casualty number are secret. Seismic spot, if somebody takes a camera, can be grabbed to come by the police immediately, camera also can be confiscated.
"29 years past, shake of Tang Shan earth presented a wholer complete picture before the public eventually. " the Wang Chengmin that writing memoir is right " Chinese news weekly " sigh with emotion.
" Tang Shan alarm the world is recorded " come out before long, on September 12, 2005, the country keeps secret company of Shen Yong of bureau news spokesman announces, since this year August, because natural disaster brings about the gross of dead personnel and relevant data,decode.
