In gregarious media times, false news transmission already became a very serious public problem. Why can people believe to spread false news? People thinks normally, regard current news as the main source of information, gregarious media is in went up objectively to create advantageous condition for the transmission of false news. And the academia all the time since the analysis that transmits mechanism existence to differ to false news and unscramble. On April 4, cerebra of American Masschusetts Institute of Technology and professor of assistant of cognitive and scientific ministry wear Wei Lande (Dvaid Rand) in Ha Fo the university shared its near future to study positive result. Lan De thinks, from the point of cognitive angle, false news transmission is main with people " thinking is inert " the relationship is close.
Cognitive ability decides news discretion
The transmission before this thinks commonly theoretically, when the information that obtains as ideological as oneself photograph to agree in news when people, meeting naturally apt thinks this news is reliable, hand-in-hand travel travels. In the meantime, ideological element and tendency of political political parties and groups can affect people to be opposite of news authenticity discern. It is with the United States exemple, each clannish meeting apt believes and disseminate the news information that profit grows at oneself. And in this kind clannish tendency falls, people often is held to be helpful for his clannish false news " lenient attitude " , and clannish to going against oneself news more supports critically attitude.
In the research of orchid heart dominant, researcher use acknowledge reflexes a test (CRT) will inspect people the analytic reasoning process when facing false news. In order to discern " false caption " for exemple, researcher discovery, the people performance in cognitive reflex test discerns with its the ability of false caption shows positive to involve a concern, namely the cognitive capability of a person is higher, its to the identifying of sensational false caption ability is jumped over strong. In addition, cognitive reflex test still shows as a result, suffer the person that try to identify the ability of false caption, whether to accord with with this caption those who suffer the person that try is ideological do not have particularly close relationship. Lan De says to our newspaper reporter, ability of the analytic thinking of a person, logistic inference is his discern the key of news caption authenticity, and as false as these caption and configuration of knowledge of implication of false content place how, the element such as the political tendency that whether accords with information receiver has nothing to do. Study the result makes clear, to false news " easy sensibility " more ground is those who result from thinking to go up is lazy, is not to result from clannish bias. Accordingly, to false news " be infatuated with " saying with its is " clannish bias " be caused by, be inferior to saying is the result that lack ponders over.
"Thinking is inert " bring about false news to run rampant
Researcher is transmitting the discovery in the research of example to gregarious network news, have the person that reviews consciousness more, general meeting apt is shared true, the news of high quality. This also confirmed the theory of the person such as Lan De, compare with clannish bias or transmission motive photograph namely, take an examination of pair of people whether frequently at thinking of whether distinguish wrong message, have more main effect. Be based on this to study a result, researcher thinks, people can be passed overcome thinking laziness, will undertake intervention to the transmission of false news, travel in order to prevent the big range of wrong message.
Lande expresses, in gregarious media times, how reducing false news is a major difficult problem. For this, researcher had a large number of tests about trustful grade, whether can platform algorithm distinguish effectively with detecting reliable news source and fluky news source. Researcher is right 3 kinds of websites -- the degree of belief of the mainstream media website, website that has extreme politics tendency, website that provides false content undertook assessment. This are evaluated involve more than 60 website in all. Final, researcher thinks, can let gregarious media pass platform algorithm, preferential show come from an user think the content of authentic news source.
Researcher puts forward, on one hand, will tell from orgnaization level, common suffer numerous evaluate to the reliability of news orgnaization often uneven, no matter its individual is political tendency, ideological how, common suffer numerous often be opposite very hard the orgnaization that provides false news gives objective opinion. Accordingly, use those who be based on higher level algorithm " quality grade " , will to gregarious media have rank and operation, a kind of efficient way may be made in future. If can let offer the individual of false news or orgnaization,the rank in algorithm drops, can reduce people bring into contact with the possibility of false information, reduce the possibility that false information transmits in great quantities thereby. On the other hand, in if can bring into gregarious media user social media algorithm to the degree of belief of each media,be being ranked, the news news bedding face that also can prevent effectively to have serious politics bias accumulates transmission.
False transmission deepens political collective bias
Although different American people is existing clannish difference, but research shows as a result, of different politics faction suffer numerous all think the news authenticity of mainstream news website is taller. It is with the United States exemple, researcher is opposite respectively the discovery after person of the Democratic Party and republic partisans think authentic news source undertakes investigating, mainstream news website still is the news source with all American more trustful political parties and groups. To this, lande expresses, "Our research makes clear as a result, be opposite no matter support which political parties and groups suffer numerous, let algorithm have a rank to authentic media channel, the likelihood is a kind simple and easy and reliable method. A large number of transmission that this action can prevent false news effectively to go up in gregarious media. A large number of transmission that this action can prevent false news effectively to go up in gregarious media..
Nevertheless, researcher also admits at the same time, have different politics tendency suffer numerous also put in difference on news spending pattern. For example, between American liberal, existing acknowledge and review the group with higher capability, they discern more easily a false news and high quality news. And political standpatter of the United States is shown taller " acknowledge is stubborn " , they are right " minatory " more sensitive, right " order " " structure " wait for crucial vocabulary to have higher individual demand, and apt believes to it relevant news. In addition, researcher still puts forward, the false transmission that political political parties and groups of the United States is based on clannish interest and causes, can create the collective bias with American deeper society.
Original title: Cognitive science announces false news spreads a mechanism
