How does unmanned a light boat work? What concern does development of it and national defence, fishery have? Recently, the Luo Jun of academy of project of unmanned a light boat brought Shanghai university a popular science makes a speech. It is a speech below textual:
This is the landform landforms graph under surface of Nanhai island reef, we make chart.
China has the maritime space area of kilometer of 3 million square, it is under so vast sea area, chart sails to shipping, mix to the marine economy of whole country even national defence safety is crucial issue.
To the measurement of chart, we measure a boat to undertake through the sea commonly. But the sea measures boat draft deeper, e.g. sea make one's rounds 01, sea make one's rounds 166, and our Li Siguang date and sea of Qian Xuesen date measure a boat. And China has reef of a lot of islands inside maritime space of kilometer of 300 much square, according to estimation, the East China Sea has 3500 many, nanhai has 1700 many.
Can be, the maritime space deepness that amounts to kilometers of tens of 10 thousand square still is less than 5 meters, in chart of these mapping of insular reef periphery, using the sea to measure a boat is no good apparently, but it is very important that the chart of insular reef periphery counterpoises to Chinese ocean, how do this do?
What because of us the group is engaged in is the basic research of the robot, so we used unmanned a light boat to solve this problem. Draft of unmanned a light boat is very shallow, can come true own voyage, own avoid barrier, own land undertakes insular reef mapping. Through the sonar on unmanned a light boat emissive sound wave arrives marine or key is reflexed again come back, the sonar mapping law with special repass, marine landform landforms came out.
But, unmanned a light boat is right the mapping of insular reef, have the difficulty on a few technologies.
Among them a current that is insular reef periphery is disorder, crack stream, eddy current is very much, bring very big interference to unmanned a light boat. Because of sonar mapping, requirement unmanned a light boat must take the air line. But the circumjacent billow in insular reef very big, take the air line is particularly difficult. Need lets it go definitely with the control method that fights current.
How is current fought below so normal circumstance? Be in e.g. unmanned a light boat mapping of insular reef periphery when, a sea comes over, its meeting deviate this course, but through the sensor on unmanned a light boat I can be measured come out its deflection quantity, the size inflict that measures according to deflection a counterforce, let it return come above course.
But if be the word in maritime voyage, amount of a deflection was caused after this billow comes over, and the size of next wave still does not know, so this deflection quantity contains a few blindness, how to do?
We invented a new method, the radar that goes up through unmanned a light boat namely comes to gather up of its circumjacent ocean wave information, build a dynamic model, make disturb space.
There are a lot of sensors above unmanned a light boat, measure its attitude come out, form an attitude space, attitude space and disturb the space is ceaseless change, I want only disturb space and attitude space correspondence rise, find concern of a map, I know the correct an error that how should control unmanned a light boat is measured, achieve the result that must follow. This is the crucial problem that the first need overcomes.
The 2nd crucial question avoids namely barrier problem, we avoid to static target barrier is very easy, carry radar, laser determines its position, can keep away from with certain algorithm. But afloat moment, have a lot of ship that sailing, include unmanned a light boat, how to avoid like this kind we handle block?
When our person is running, encounter another person to run, I can estimate my speed, direction, return the rate that can estimate the other side and way next, pass the judgement of cerebrum and reaction next, can keep away from he. So maritime shipping also is to use this principle, carry the sensor on unmanned a light boat and radar, come out the information estimation of the other side.
But when because of unmanned a light boat afloat sails, its speed and way have an error, go estimating the error information of the other side through error information, can have bigger error. Still need to get information of this either error an error cone so, when two cone do not have be mixed, we just can realize shift avoid barrier.
The 3rd difficulty is such, the voyage distance because of unmanned a light boat has hundreds of kilometers only, if undertake high seas voyage works, must want to cooperating to use with Mu Jian. But be in maritime, alleged calm 3 feet billow, 3 class the sea wind of 4 class is very common, after exercise of unmanned a light boat was finished, returning mother ship again is very difficult issue all the time, the United States also is studying the problem of this respect. Large ship shakes very badly, unmanned a light boat also shakes very badly, the hook that lets both sides combines a butt joint, come up condole of unmanned a light boat, difficulty is very great.
We considered a new method, one is done to throw ejaculation drawing rope on unmanned a light boat, when need reclaims, throw drawing rope automatically to Mu Jian come above board, the staff member can reclaim very easily. Do below disturbing circumstance reclaim, the effect of this method is better still.
Above these are 3 difficult problem that unmanned a light boat encounters.
Israel is a whole world the country with the rapiddest development of unmanned a light boat, it has the unmanned a light boat of a lot of model, had listed assembled 63 model, still 25 model are being developed, the United States also takes the research and development of unmanned a light boat seriously very much.
We, according to 3 technologies in front, also developed the unmanned a light boat of 7 model. Name " energy of great capacity " meaning, one is play " dogged determination " spirit, still having is essence of life execute maritime mission definitely.
2013 our energy of great capacity unmanned a light boat as sea make one's rounds 106 to mapping of Nanhai island reef, in the Xisha Islands, always promote an island, reef of melon of bare of The Nansha Islands, beautiful aid reef and always heat reef, undertook many mapping. Be opposite especially always the mapping of heat reef, the data that makes that fill the sea to build an island later is propped up.
This is we are opposite in Nanhai the mapping of dock of a naval port, because periphery of naval port dock has the hindering boat thing of a lot of, the warship does not have method draw close the shore, hindering boat other people does not know again in where, we undertook to circumjacent circumference one is swept 50 meters measure, find 9 doubtful point, through sweeping the coordinate that measures, give Qing Dynasty to get rid of other people of this hindering boat, OK the warship with large anchor.
The unmanned a light boat that this is us is growing a when estuarine finds heavy boat, "Mouth of the Yangtse River " . Everybody knows, the place of heavy boat, it is the place with water area poorer condition commonly, so the boat just sinks easily. When large ship is measured, affirmative meeting encounters a lot of problems, instead is unmanned a light boat in its periphery is swept measure, found this heavy boat.
When division of snow dragon date takes an examination of a boat in antarctic Luosihaike previously, because do not know circumjacent chart news, anchor without method, must use the means that bleachs boat, shipping cannot flameout, need expends huge cost. 2014 we the chart of 280 kilometers has measured a periphery entirely, according to this chart, looked for to had been compared anchor dot, when so snow dragon date went again 2015, can anchor.
We know the insular reef of the East China Sea is most, and it is insular reef group, we are the data of a few chart that get insular reef periphery through the means of satellitic remote sensing previously. The data error that satellitic remote sensing must come out is particularly big, to our shipping the voyage brings a lot of difficulty.
The reef of one part island that so we think a the East China Sea group the means survey and drawing that carries unmanned a light boat is good.
This graph is the mapping circumstance of reef of Chinese rhubarb rank grass.
Between these two reef, blue states water compares dark place, this is the get data of satellitic remote sensing. If will see here boat from the data of this depth of water can of be able to pass, but after actual and unmanned a light boat measures periphery, those who show is gules completely, the more gules place, water is more shallow, the most shallow place leaves surface only 0.85 meters, if according to satellitic remote sensing gotten data sails, can bring very great harm.
China has reef of more than 1000 7 islands, a lot of places are blank, this workload is very so big, obtain chart through mapping of unmanned a light boat, we complement the data of insular reef periphery rise, make a plan of three-dimensional depth of water, can have very good stimulative effect to marine safety.
However the action of individual and unmanned a light boat is finite, use bee colony to explore, will be opposite with a flock of unmanned a light boat the word of executive task, its action is met very big.
The shark e.g. our sea mile group, our aerial bee colony, our ground this kind of wolf group. Their monomer ability is limited, but the effect of the group is very big however.
The face involves the issue of artificial intelligence and group intelligence here.
E.g. , when a flock of unmanned a light boat go atttacking the unmanned a light boat of the other side, play basketball like us same, sheet feels to Chan Shiru capability of the other side is stronger than oneself if really, so another teammate is met from by assist prevent, if a teammate is insufficient still, that comes over again a bag is placed, another targets meet after be being hit again dispersedly.
Unmanned a light boat also is same, we also are to be able to use technology of a kind of cloud, will control 3 unmanned a light boat at the same time. The face involves group intelligence here, with the theory of respect of rich play chess.
Because unmanned a light boat is sky, day, ground, sea actually,nobody drive inside the system a typical delegate. I and my group wants to devote oneself to nobody to drive systematic research and development, this is us the dream of whole group.
