On July 1, shanghai will enter rubbish to classify compulsive times in the round. At the beginning of this year, " regulation of Shanghai life rubbish " through voting: The individual mixes put in rubbish highest henceforth can punish 200 yuan; The unit is mixed outfit mix carry, highest can punish 50 thousand yuan. This will mean rubbish classification to be brought into formally legal administration scope, and no longer " cannot can depend on " .
Actually, rubbish classification of home is the earliest but restrospect to 1993 " rules of sanitation of environment of Beijing town the appearance of a city " , point out clearly among them: "To city life litter, execute classification to collect stage by stage, harmless change handle and use integratedly. " ever since, 8 cities such as Beijing, Shanghai are decided for countrywide rubbish classification collects pilot city, was in for the first time 2000 each are big public appeared to classify ash-bin.
Nowadays, went 19 years, the footstep have not that domestic rubbish classifies stops, but can say effects is very small as before up to now. This rubbish classifies revolution, it is difficult to there is many after all in China?
Actually, rubbish classification of home is the earliest but restrospect to 1993 " rules of sanitation of environment of Beijing town the appearance of a city " , point out clearly among them: "To city life litter, execute classification to collect stage by stage, harmless change handle and use integratedly. " ever since, 8 cities such as Beijing, Shanghai are decided for countrywide rubbish classification collects pilot city, was in for the first time 2000 each are big public appeared to classify ash-bin.
Nowadays, went 19 years, the footstep have not that domestic rubbish classifies stops, but can say effects is very small as before up to now. This rubbish classifies revolution, it is difficult to there is many after all in China?
Rubbish classification, be in where hard
Above sea is exemple, on one hand urban rubbish total output increases continuously, house of crop of rubbish of average per capita does not fall high; At present on the other hand structure of Shanghai waste disposal still is buried to fill give priority to, burn for complementary mixture processing mode. 2018, shanghai was made " operation of construction of system of classification of whole journey of Shanghai life rubbish plans (2018-2020 year) " , the data that publishs according to concerned branch is computative, shanghai life rubbish burns processing is occupied than 40% , fill bury occupy than 40% , be used circularly or become what resource changes rubbish to occupy than be only 20% the left and right sides. Accordingly, realizing classification to collect is " rubbish revolution " the first pace.
The fact that rubbish classifies holds need the whole people to be participated in jointly, but the difficult problem that how undertakes rubbish classification became a lot of people however correctly: One kind is not to understand how to be classified; One kind is to be disinclined to classify. The germ of these problems basically is centered at the conduct propaganda that rubbish classifies and promotion phase, the classified accuracy rate that assigns a dweller in current level greater part after all and subjective activity still compare weakness relatively. In addition, rubbish classification still is project of a system, collect from classification begin, still need rubbish of all previous classics to sorting, classification is used and deal with wait for many respects, of any link be short of break or deal with the failure that undeserved metropolis causes whole system. Undeniable, although a lot of areas already began to publicize rubbish to classify energetically, but rubbish is carried in still exist to be not mixed with phyletic rubbish install the phenomenon that mixes carry, even the circumstance with insufficient capacity of follow-up waste disposal also happens from time to tome.
Rubbish classification is a kind of civilized concept, also be a kind of be apt to those who treat lift, and the rubbish with good nurturance classifies a habit, be not result of a day. Rubbish classification emphasizes turning management subtly, be in only each link achieve mastery through a comprehensive study of the subject, ability promotes rubbish effectively classify the promotion of the effect.
His Shan Zhishi, edificatory a few
Speak of the successful case that rubbish classifies, a lot of people can think of our neighbour Japan. Really, going up early century at the beginning of 90 time, japan begins to carry out rubbish to classify the system that reduce an amount, up to now effective of it may be said. Japanese rubbish classifies the clause of manual to amount to 518, the specific classification to rubbish, how should each kinds discard with processing, have corresponding regulation.
Be in Japan, in view of the every family careful classification to rubbish, street can see dustbin rarely, way is opposite also relatively neat, the people is used to putting rubbish into the bag to bring back the home to undertake very clean and neat. And Japan values environmental protection education very, begin to popularize rubbish knowledge from nursery school, classify an idea through old effort already thorough popular feeling. A few days ago, tokyo Olympic Games Organizing Committee announces: They are basic already collect is neat the bullion copper that 5000 medal place needs 2020 Olympic Games, and this hefts 7 tons true gold silver and brass and all abstraction to wait for electronic rubbish from old mobile phone, old computer. Make a habit when common sense, it is a kind of of course. System of Japanese rubbish classification is very tight exacting, if discards without registering do sth without authorization electronic rubbish, environmental protection makes and will be fined in order to offend, sentence possibly even.
Similar case also appears in our country Taiwan to visit each district, street sees the sign that is less than rubbish almost, also do not have even ash-bin mark to be able to be searched. Some business shop sticks a marked label even " be not this inn rubbish to be taken away please " .
In fact, taiwan yields every year probably many tons of 700 rubbish, but reclaim rate be as high as 56.8% . Each days, music of dumpcart canorous electron can be since each community noise, familiar sound reminds a dweller the rubbish that will classified undertakes assembling a car. 3 kinds of rubbish send resource, hutch beyond and general rubbish to resource to reclaim respectively car, dumpcart adds the hutch beyond that hang to reclaim in bucket and dumpcart, if do not press formulary classification, the fine that faces on 1000 new station money. 2005, branch of Taiwan environmental protection is second birth of stimulative resource loop, drive rubbish formally to classify a plan compulsively, make the rubbish volume of Taiwan drops from 9.43 million tons of 1998 7.22 million tons of 2015.
And little person's much Hong Kong, from fountainhead classification, decrease to cherish content useless, collect fees to rubbish again pilot, hong Kong carries out rubbish to classify the determination of policy to do not have a change from beginning to end. The rubbish processing of Hong Kong basically is filled through caboodle and reclaim two kinds of means undertake reconditioning. Among them, make an appointment with the rubbish of 63% to be handled in order to pile fill type. But, average each everyday discard 1.3 kilograms rubbish, whole town exceeds the total discard amount of 9 kiloton everyday, to the rubbish of Hong Kong processing brought an acid test. For this, hong Kong government publishs a lot of policy, the force that joins organization of social environmental protection undertakes propagandist education to the people, student, the whole annulus that pays attention to young generation especially preserves qualitative element. In " household trash fountainhead classifies a plan " after carrying out more than 10 years, hong Kong government announced city solid trash to ask for the proposal of cost to carry out arrangement again a few days ago, to hutch beyond, stock and plastic the solid rubbish that head " open fire " . At the appointed time, according to rubbish " by door by bag " collect fees mode, the citizen must be used appoint rubbish bag just but discard trash, this action is the earliest hopeful 2019 second half of the year is carried out in complete harbor.
Rubbish autonomy, be well worth doing
Regression arrives in light of Shanghai, the higher end of rubbish revolution ought to be society of construction loop economy. Same to mark person exceeds big city Tokyo less more, regard the intermediate processing of life rubbish as in order to burn the method, will fill bury handle an instrument as terminal, right after burning cindery the circular utilization rate that has filling burying can promoting rubbish effectively.
Data showed 2018, shanghai's annual rubbish total output is 9 million tons about, average per capita year rubbish quantity is 400 kilograms about, namely average per capita is daily rubbish yields to be 1.1 kilograms about (think average per capita is daily commonly rubbish yields prep above belongs to tall rubbish 1 kilogram to discharge) . This Shanghai is inside countrywide limits bring into rubbish classification law scope with local legislation form first, it is the importance that made clear rubbish classification from design carrying a layer on the head and pressing sex. Make clear responsibility main body, aggrandizement, refine pair of rubbish classification to put in, collect, carry and deal with entire chain, once these movements are fulfilled,reach the designated position, effect will be self-evident.
Draw lessons from Tokyo experience, shanghai can produce late advantage on rubbish classification. Undertake changing integratedly on the whole, reclaim resource use, compost, burn and fill bury wait for processing means to give compositive, form on the process at the same time " force " advantage -- it is highest value with quantum of output of rubbish of average per capita namely, set is filled bury and burn of establishment most high capacity, force with this the classification of front is collected change with resource use, reduce an amount from fountainhead. Another main Tokyo experience is the triangle that forms government, enterprise and society, the rubbish of Shanghai dominant classifies the practice that is pair of this one mode nowadays.
Will look so, rubbish classification is in extremely likely still prospective prize " vein economy " development expands. "Vein economy " those who point to is to apply circular economy concept, organic and harmonious rubbish is superfluous with resource shortage two catastrophe are inscribed, make rich OK thereby retreat house is mothball the position that supplies a source. What match to it is manufacturing domain " arterial economy " , both supplement each other the benign loop that can promote social environment and economic environment.
Rubbish classification serves as " vein economy " medium important one annulus, ought to produce the practical effect that classification collects not only, each members that more principal port consists making social life medium establish the consciousness of an environmental protection and circular economy and concept. Accompanying the progress of science and technology, the method that rubbish flotsam processing and resource change is increasing also, bad news props up the high investment that Shanghai economy increases place to depend on quickly and high content to be mixed likely also through equitable distribution efficient use be able to alleviate, the way that realizes what person and natural harmony get along to be able to develop continuously then, the low carbonization with construction managing resource is new-style city.
