Carp brief history -- " 4 everybody fish " in why don't have a carp?

In fresh water fish, of the carp " position " can let a person feel very awkward.

Above all, fish of our country fresh water breeds history on, the carp is the earliest be bred artificially; Next, be in whole " piscine culture " in, the culture connotation of the carp also is most rich; Finally, will look from crop, the total output of the carp also can discharge the 3rd.

But " 4 everybody fish " the position that there is a carp on pop chart.

"4 everybody fish " this title comes from when, He De, already bad now textual research, but we breed in what review a carp history, culture history when, can discover an interesting phenomenon:

Look from large time scale, the breed aquatics of the carp Shi Ke calls is 3 fold, first from do not have have, again by fill reach decline, finally is to develop smoothly up to now. And the culture of the carp history it is all the way Gao Ge is long fill do not decline. And the carp breeds history of last phase " stable development " lean completely " carp culture " pull move.

What did the carp experience in historical endless flow, what kind of enlightenment does the progress that gives contemporary agriculture again bring? Big today country takes everybody to understand carp breed aquatics " preexistence this life " .

The breed aquatics to fresh water fish history we can differentiate roughly a few such phase: Capture naturally -- artificial harbour is raised -- breed artificially -- add artificially breed.

Capture from nature the process that raises to artificial harbour, it is population growth follows food in short supply the process that the contradiction between solves. Capture in nature level, the fish that people captures from inside nature has satisfied existent need, but population grows or the environment worsens suddenly, when the amount that people nature captures can't maintain the need of people, factitious, purposeful harbour is raised appeared.

At that time harbour is raised even if very simple of short duration is raised, not tall to technical requirement. In this phase, people can discover easy harbour raises a few fish, survival rate is high, and can him raise up seed, the breed aquatics that accumulates this kind of fish conciously then technology, the target that is below one phase is changed, the program is changed, breed next dozen of foundations what change scientificly artificially.

In breed level artificially, although can rely on fish from numerous be raised oneself or capture from inside nature grow seedlings will enlarge dimensions, but purposeful the technology of breed offspring has not mastered, in experienced lengthy process to just can transfer " add artificially breed level " .

Through this paragraph simple fresh water fish breeds phylogeny to be able to discover, inchoate suit artificial harbour to raise, in the fish that breeds artificially, particularly tall to breed requirement of the fish, and the carp is not two anthology.

The carp is polyphagia fish, vivid plant can regard small-sized water as its bait makings, distributing in in in next water area. The adaptability of the carp is strong the successful rate that decided artificial harbour is raised is high, raise level to gain more attention in artificial harbour then.

No matter the carp is in in tranquil water still can lay eggs in running water, and carp egg has certain stickiness, OK and relaxed conglutinate is on aquatic, from numerous the successful rate that raises oneself is higher. Other fish need captures from inside natural water area fry, on the amplification that breeds dimensions the carp has very large dominant position, such is in breed this phase artificially, the carp is gotten the better of again one prepare.

Our country's earliest fish breeds technical work -- " classics of Fan Li pisciculture " in, raises fish is a carp, visible first times of the Qin Dynasty has had perfect carp to breed mode.

The carp appears often in people production, life, accumulate in culture so went up to also hold advantaged dominant position.

The carp platoon in archaic fish culture it is all the time the first, for example " Er is elegant " reach " detailed outline of a book on Chinese medicine " in waiting for composing, "Fish " the ministry is the carp the platoon is in of the first place.

Year period, confucius gave birth to a son, lu Zhao is fair he sends a carp after hearing the news, congratulate in order to show, confucius the son entitle oneself " Kong Li " , it is thus clear that the carp is regarded as a kind of lucky other people at that time.

In carp culture only " the carp jumps dragon door " the widest to eulogize. Because the carp is in,breed period is met rise high into the air of against the current and case, people deduced with this phenomenon " the carp changes dragon " fabulous: Jumped over dragon door to become dragon, jump to be nodded nevertheless forehead, return again.

For example Li Bai is in his " Shi Yu giving Cui " in write:

The Yellow River 3 feet carp,

Reside in Meng Jin originally.

Dot forehead does not become dragon,

Return the fish that accompany every.

To Tang Chao, carp culture reached peak in the position in people memory, the carp is in Tang Chao pole suffers take main reason seriously to have 2.

One of reasons: Tang Chao is the world of Li, and " carp " with " plum " homophonic, because this carp is regarded as the thing of auspicious sign, for example of Tang Dynasty " great undertaking notes " in account:

"Northwest connects aid canal to have big fish suddenly, be like carp angular, from Qing Ling water enters an aid canal, of Yi Tangxing also. Of Yi Tangxing also..

Then Tang Chao had " honour carp " culture, tang Xuan an administrative unit in Xizang ever fell twice instruct prohibit catching kill a carp, to evade " carp " sound, it is carp address sb respectfully " bare Zuo is fair " .

Collect of novel of Tang Dynasty note " You Yang miscellaneous an ancient sacrificial utensil " also have account:

"Country government keep under control, obtain a carp namely appropriate is put, still must not eat, date bare Zuo is fair, the person that sell battles 60, yan Li namely Li Ye. Yan Li namely Li Ye..

Of the reason: Li Tang dynasty is descendant of Xianbei a group of things with common features before regnant Central Plains, to get the support of person of the Han nationality, honour the Li Er that acts according to Taoism is too on old gentleman, follow " plum " surname. And in Taoism " musical instrument Gao Qili " and " child Ying Qili " etc " rise celestial being by carp " story humanness is hep, label the carp so " holy content " try to respect eulogy.

In Tang Dynasty, the carp forbids to catch kill, buying and selling, cause the amount that breeds a carp artificially to decrease greatly. Such, the carp is no longer serve as food and breed " domestic fish " , and became everybody to respect eulogy " culture symbol " , this also is the carp is absent " 4 everybody fish " the main reason.

Carp breed aquatics is in although Tang Chao is entered for a time " glacial times " , but " carp culture " borrowing however " world of big Tang Cheng " entered all the way hair exhibition period of Gao Ge.

Till nowadays, suffer the effect of carp culture, north still is main carp breeds area and consumptive area, and be consumed mostly be in traditional culture atmosphere is grumous " Gong Baixi thing " wait for all sorts of banquet to go up. Southern region suffers carp culture the influence is weaker, and the choice of fresh water fish that has more variety, at present southern region delicacy has breed the habit with edible carp.

In agricultural product domain, the carp is only probably additional kind, but also let our experience inferior culture is right of produce model force to have how powerful.

We with " inferior culture " this perspective, will examine crayfish again this species, can explain why to have some of aquatic product " chiliad not fire " , why this exotic plants crayfish several years short became " the net is red " .

What did crayfish experience again, what element lets it become " network new species " ?

We fall to say again!

[big country] , dedicated popular science 3 farming of the domain " Leng Zhi is known " , " interesting knowledge " , come quickly assist of attention, dot!