7 kinds of basic methods: Look, listen, feel, hear, measure, check, sentence
1, look---Watch each place situation, run commonly risk a leakage phenomenon, cop to shake, read breakdown code, see historical trend.
2, listen---Equipment is unusual sound, common device calls the police sound, equipment movement voice, flat etc is unusual sound.
3, feel---Equipment shakes, calorific, aspic is blocked up wait for unusual appearance.
4, hear---Equipment peculiar smell, common basically give out heat for equipment reach short circuit badly.
5, measure---Express voltage of equipment power supply with avometer measuring instrument, electric current, insulation resistance.
6, check---Examine technical data, examine breakdown code meaning and relevant breakdown data.
7, sentence---Judge an analysis, try according to unusual appearance integrated, analyse the reason of breakdown.
Basic method applies detailed solution
1, look: Equipment of careful observation appearance the working circumstance of each component, the key watchs equipment, run risk a leakage phenomenon, appearance shows the window.
(1) appearance equipment: Each pipeline has observation appearance equipment to wait for a circumstance without interstitial, damaged, frost and knot dew; Contact joint has without leak, usable also suds, clean soft cloth, wadding wipes pipeline weld and contact joint, observation has without flat leakage fluid, whether to appear in order to judge leak, smooth to locomotive equipment.
(2) electric return circuit: Window of directive of observation appearance equipment is denied have a directive, call the police, the insulation that observes lead is complete nondestructive, circuit board has without rupture, joint has take off without the pine, whether to have reach into water corrode the attaint circumstance such as the phenomenon, in order to judge situation of job of electric return circuit.
2, listen: Electrify flies mechanism plane fine it is normal to hear voice of appearance equipment movement, have as good as constant sound, call the police sound.
(1) appearance equipment: Listen to appearance equipment locomotive voice is docile, locomotive orgnaization whether the movement is smooth, whether does appearance equipment have shake. .
(2) electric return circuit: Listen whether is there voice of abnormal knocking of discharge sound etc inside equipment.
3, feel: Feel appearance equipment to experience its about place with the hand cold heat, brace up quiver wait for a circumstance, whether to have apparent difference, all belong to abnormal.
(1) appearance equipment: Whether are noumenon of equipment of appearance of the feeling that use a hand and pipeline normal temperature.
(2) electric return circuit: Whether do circuit and chip have calorific appearance related the feeling that use a hand (apply to appearance voltage 24V in) also can feel temperature sensor pressure sensor to check sensor performance.
4, hear: With nose leak exists all round the induction, or the peculiar smell that equipment produces.
(1) appearance equipment: Appearance pipeline leak, conduce to with famous method find out leak to nod pipeline. (apply to have peculiar smell medium)
(2) electric return circuit: Basically ask whether equipment is put in the odour that burns paste and equipment the odour of calorific generation.
5, measure: With undertake metrical with model equipment or identical parameter equipment, special testing instrument and avometer measure parameter of crucial position n.
(1) appearance equipment, use at other and OK replace equipment to measure parameter to whether show with doubt breakdown equipment all the time.
(2) electric return circuit, for the property of accurate judgement breakdown and place, often want to check the performance data that measures equipment and status with instrument, appearance. Measure power source voltage, each terminal to reach electric current and signal condition to whether accord with a requirement to ground voltage with avometer.
6, check: Examine historical trend to call the police record, search a data, search technical record
(1) appearance equipment, examine appearance equipment to whether accord with craft to generate a demand, examine relevant produce equipment parameter property.
(2) search the closest production to record historical trend to call the police record, relevant technology wants, meaning of code of appearance equipment malfunction, relative to method of answering processing technique, calculation.
7, sentence: Through the result that place of afore-mentioned method of a few kinds of examinations achieve, can reflect some kind of local condition only mostly. Appearance equipment is each other connection, interact between each part, phenomenon of a kind of breakdown may have a variety of reasons, and a kind of reason produces a variety of breakdown possibly also. Accordingly, element of ministry of play a game of chess should have comprehensive trade off study, determine the property of breakdown and position well and truly in the round thereby. If make pressure change,send implement leak or jam, can cause control pressure of object be accusinged abnormal, cause pressure on the low side. But change of pressure of object be accusinged is caused necessarily adjust loop valve movement, make on the low side of systematic pressure on the high side produces a harm to the system even accident, because this is OK,be being discriminated carefully according to breakdown phenomenon is valve breakdown or pressure change send implement breakdown.
7 kinds of common breakdown: Leakage, , break, short, burn, card, contact is undesirable.
1, leak: Detecting element is taken pressure flat, electric circuit leakage of electricity.
2, : Detecting element is taken pressure jam, district of oil path, gas jams.
3, break: Power supply of detecting element open circuit and signal loop open circuit.
4, short: Power supply of detecting element short circuit reachs signal loop short circuit.
5, burn: Yuan parts of an apparatus suffers outside hot burn down or burn down of equipment short circuit.
6, card: Card of orgnaization of appearance equipment motion is acerbity, the movement is not smooth.
7, the contact is undesirable: Empty of appearance equipment line is received, bring about equipment to run the directive is abnormal, abnormal.
Detailed of common breakdown phenomenon is solved
Malfunction of major appearance equipment is not the breakdown that does not have primary without reason, breakdown has foreboding factor, some breakdown are oneself, some breakdown are outside influence, common instrument malfunction phenomenon basically has the following 7 kinds of phenomena.
1, leak: Leak is the problem that produces equipment general character.
(1) appearance equipment pipeline shakes, heat bilges cold shrink, outside force, stress and equipment blemish, can cause leak of appearance equipment pipeline, this breakdown is simpler, 30% above are amounted to in fault rate of instrument malfunction equipment, also be the breakdown that judges the easiest discovery the most easily, this breakdown basically can be solved. Proportion is held in affecting production to run taller, want appearance equipment to follow only measure medium contact to produce leak likely.
(2) also happen from time to tome in phenomenon of leakage of electricity of electric return circuit, between cable and bridge, cable and equipment, cable and cable, produce phenomenon of leakage of electricity possibly, this phenomenon brings about cable skin damaged to do not lay cable by the standard commonly, do not cause cable and equipment and appearance of leakage of electricity of wiring box ground connection by normative wiring.
2, : Appearance equipment is taken in controlling pipeline, the impurity in the system is entered easily guide in approaching a valve, jam take press a mouth, partial medium crystallizes easily jam take press aperture, in winter appearance pipeline easy also aspic is blocked up, block a phenomenon up to appear in the winter more commonly, or be measured of easy crystallization, bilge medium. This breakdown is simpler, 20% above are amounted to in fault rate of instrument malfunction equipment, also be a kind of breakdown that judges more easily, this breakdown basically can be solved. Scale is occupied to tighten in affecting manufacturing process second at leak breakdown, want appearance equipment to follow only measure medium contact to produce a phenomenon likely.
3, break: Break point to electric return circuit commonly, line of power supply cord opens circuit, because outside force and stress make circuit malfunctions, this breakdown, basic good judgement. But it is more difficult to search breakpoint, search a dot to suffer force dot and circuitry to wear a line to be in charge of accessory for circuit connect, circuitry commonly, also happen from time to tome to instrument line pull, aspic decides a case, common line disconnects to basically can arrange line afresh, amount to in appearance equipment fault rate 5% the following left and right sides. To appearance equipment appearance orgnaization disconnects, lever of a powerful person ruptures, feedback lever disconnects wait for equipment malfunction.
4, short: Short point to electric return circuit commonly, power supply of detecting element short circuit reachs signal loop short circuit, short circuit of line of power supply cord, because outside force and stress make circuit malfunctions, this breakdown, basic good judgement, but it is more difficult to search brief drop, search a dot to be circuit connect commonly, circuit suffers force dot and circuitry to wear a line to be in charge of accessory. Also happen from time to tome to instrument line, common line short circuit is bad to search line basically can be arranged afresh below the circumstance, amount to in appearance equipment fault rate 10% the left and right sides.
5, burn: Yuan parts of an apparatus suffers outside hot burn down or burn down of equipment short circuit, equipment enters water, voltage open circuit of exorbitant and in-house component, can bring about burn down of circuitry of equipment burn down. This trouble is main good judgement, but maintenance is more difficult, also happen from time to tome to instrument line, common device burn down needs to be purchased afresh, amount to in appearance equipment fault rate 5% the left and right sides.
6, card: Difficult act of card of orgnaization of appearance equipment motion is not smooth, main body runs in valve adjustment now orgnaization, this breakdown is more intuitionistic, but search calorie of acerbity account more. For example; Resistance of lever of card of interior of core of a powerful person, a powerful person is too great, gas source pressure is too low, part of action of all movement component produces calorie of acerbity phenomenon from time to tome. Happen from time to tome in appearance production process, fault rate is amounted to 10% . This fault rate is higher among valve equipment, major hitch tries to lubricate to be able to be solved.
7, the contact is undesirable: Empty of appearance equipment line is received, bring about equipment to run abnormal directive is abnormal, main body is contacted in circuit connect now undesirable, this breakdown discovers not easily, but search it is more difficult to rise. Loop of wiring of all appearance equipment produces a contact likely undesirable, include peripheral line to also include circuitry of instrument appearance interior to bring about not only. One part breakdown causes circuit screw to become loose to shake bring about circuit empty to receive, because be not safeguarded,additionally oxidation contacts a wiring terminal undesirable bring about circuit empty to receive, whether is breakdown phenomenon circuit to should discerning carefully at this breakdown the contact is undesirable those who cause, occupy in appearance equipment fault rate taller than also be being compared 20% the left and right sides. Contact undesirable and common breakdown phenomenon to demonstrative on the high side, on the low side, wave motion waits, it is fluctuant phenomenon commonly (curvilinear burr is common) .
To breakdown judgement wants many sided to think to basically draw lessons from the method of book, experience, its person. Do a record to ponder over breakdown problem more more, handle in order to prevent congener breakdown quickly, be united in wedlock at the same time, craft element, environmental temperature, the many sided element such as weather situation will judge, can achieve fast and virtual breakdown to judge train of thought.
For example natural ingredient brings about equipment temperature on the high side or on the low side.
The measurement of compressor temperature; Nightly amount to 5 degrees or so with diurnal difference in temperature, with summer temperature difference amounts to 10 degrees or so in the winter, this is normal phenomenon not be instrument malfunction.
