Come this year hair of lab accident frequency, past clearly is in eye. Absorb experience of lesson, summary, it is the best measure that prevents accident happening. Current, is major lab existing what safe problem? What should have again to the solution of these problems?

1.The program designs a consideration not, cause safe hidden trouble

Because plan to design personnel to ask to lack the understanding of certain level to the function of of all kinds lab, what know to the special requirement of a few special labs especially is very little, because this is in the program design that the lab builds,the safe requirement to establishment and equipment considers not, the project designs existence hole, include match between person and environment of mechanical, work undeserved etc, caused safe hidden trouble.

2. installation defends door window, jam safe passageway

In recent years, equipment of precious experiment instrument increases in great quantities inside the lab, be stolen to prevent these facility, many labs are added generally outfit protect a window, add the metallic gate of whole sealing, some closes a of two-way passageway corridor even, instead is one-way passageway corridor. Once produce an accident, because the passageway is serious suffocate suffocate, flee for one's life not free, consequence is unimaginable.

Stale of 3. safe facilities is backward

The lab installs wholy-owned gold to throw serious inadequacy, it is fire control establishment deploys inadequacy, many existing establishment cannot be used because of stale; Press a regulation, the lab should configure fixed extinguishing system or appliance of movable type fire control, but be not worth because of capital is lacked and was not deployed or providing a measure. 2 it is the lab uses room strain. A few need part the article that deposit cannot accomplish departure to deposit, and the safe operation distance of a few equipment is insufficient also. 3 it is environmental protection establishment cannot satisfy a requirement. A few labs that produce toxic gas possibly did not provide ventilated system, replace with exhaust fan only; A few liquid waste that should discharge through handling ability, be not perfected because of establishment and let things drift; Trash of a few solid did not undertake handling according to national level, as the carry outside general rubbish, cause hidden trouble to social safety. 4 it is to lack lash-up motivation to supply a system. When equipment of a few labs is being used cannot unexpected power failure, can cause equipment breakdown to discard as useless even otherwise, but be lacked because of capital and did not provide lash-up power supply system or double-loop way power supply system. 5 it is many colleges do not have the laboratory supervisory system that builds modernization because of capital problem, cannot have done effectively " 4 prevent " the job.

1.Lab construction does not have system of safe examine and verify

In in the construction of the lab the project is designed or transforming a project, did not have the program of examine and verify and system to safe function, have namely endless also and perfect, down to brings safe hidden trouble to the person that use after certain project is finishing.

2.Safety management system is not perfect, safe liability is uncertain

It is the special origanization construction that partial laboratory security works and system, build secure to whole lab job to implement the guidance system of comprehensive management hard, did not fulfil the requirement that the legal representative is person of responsibility of unit safety first. 2 it is the secure job that partial unit is in charge of a lab without person specially assigned for a task, without the member that provide full-time laboratory security, cannot layer upon layer fulfil administrative obligation, safe liability is uncertain. 3 it is function branch lacks special section office and professional technology staff, very difficult implementation has major government to laboratory security, lack joins effectively between as safe as the lab that fastens a ministry management and necessary instructor.

The account that laboratory security accident produces basically is insecure environment and insecure behavior, insecure environment is the remote cause of the accident, bad management is the main reason of the accident, and the immediate cause that insecure behavior of the person is an accident. The outcome of size accident causes the loss of the harm of life and belongings possibly, the education with metropolis normal effect and scientific research work. Accordingly, the central content that laboratory security manages prevents insecure action of the person namely, eliminate the insecure position of corporeal environment, the process that block stops an accident to interlink and the happening that prevents an accident. To avoid the happening of the accident, should take corresponding step.

1. is right safe environment element

To safe environment element, layout of requirement lab design, instrument, reagent is placed, power of road of gas source, power supply cord, power source, ventilated setting, prevent infection next setting, conduit litter of path, lab deals with, the due and reasonable design such as fire control establishment, make and announce appropriate laboratory security level. Appropriate maintains all global security that use with the individual defend appliance, often undertake to its the examination is very important.

2.To insecure element of the person

To insecure element of the person, need normative administrative system not only, laboratory safety operating rules, fulfil person of laboratory security responsibility, more important is to should make all lab staff members should have security of general concerned laboratory, danger and the knowledge that prevent an accident. Each person that works in the lab should realise he is safe to the lab has responsibility, when if send real test room,having any insecure factors, should instantly rapid and firm ground tries to correct. Enter the personnel that the lab works, when beginning a new test to work, what danger may exist in answering to understand unit process of cargo bandling beforehand, preliminary good precautionary measures.

1.Fire sex accident

The happening of fire sex accident has catholicity, almost all labs happen possibly. The immediate cause that leads to this kind of accident is:

(1) forget involve power supply, cause equipment or grow too with electric equipment weld time, temperature is exorbitant, cause catch fire;

(2) operation inadvertent or use undeserved, make igneous cause contacts combustible material, bring about catch fire;

(3) dangerous chemical leak treats igneous cause or heat source causes explosive on fire;

(4) ageing of power supply circuitry, excess load moves, bring about circuit to give out heat, bring about catch fire;

(5) throw butt in disorder, contact combustible material, bring about catch fire;

(6) if combustion reaction test or the combustion blaze that chemical reaction brings about out of control or high temperature material heat the crucible ignition tinderbox that pass is qualitative;

(7) heat to wait like spirit lamp, electric stove with fire forget close, cause stock transgression or burn dry cause fire to wait.

2.Volatile accident

Volatile accident happens in more have combustible explode easily the lab of article and pressure vessel, the immediate cause that leads to this kind of accident is:

(1) disobey operating rules, ignition tinderbox is tasted, cause explosion then;

(2) equipment ageing, put in breakdown or blemish, cause combustible explode easily article leak, encounter scintilla and cause explosion;

(3) operate the combustion heat energy that bring about to release by accident when the experiment;

(4) volatile article be heated or bump, cause explosive accident;

(5) device of high-energy gas cylinder handles high tension accident of explosion of manage of biology of undeserved or unqualified hair

(6) manufacturing technology, equipment or system are not perfect, cause dangerous chemical explosion;

(7) chemical reaction has inside airtight container or narrow space, reaction raises pressure, leak suddenly to wait produce explosive accident.

3.Chemistry pollutes kind of accident

Main show is in this kind of accident:

(1) chemical waste liquid is collected undeserved cause environment and groundwater pollution;

(2) liquid waste arranges pipeline suffocate suffocate or disrepair change one's route, cause toxic liquid waste to be poured out of without processing, cause environmental pollution;

(3) equipment ageing, existence blemish and breakdown cause toxic substance leak or toxic gas is not discharged piece, lead to toxic;

(4) Cheng Fang's volatile chemical reagents bottle, the lid forgets after giving out.

4. pressure gas cylinder kind accident

Main show is in this kind of accident:

(1) pressure gas cylinder encounters high temperature or intense collision causes explosion;

(2) combustible gas encounters bright fire to produce explosion when the leak in air reachs certain consistency;

(3) toxic gas leak is caused toxic pollute with the environment.

Accident of noxiousness of 5. medicine category

Main show is in this kind of accident:

(1) disobey operating rules, enter food area poisonous lab, cause bromatoxism;

(2) when configure or using poisonous reagent, do not operate in vent cabinet, cause human body, skin to absorb, cause chronic and toxic;

(3) facilities facilities ageing, put in breakdown or blemish, cause toxic substance leak or mephitis body is discharged not free, lead to toxic;

(4) poisonous reagent is not discharged via decreasing poisonous processing, cause environmental pollution thereby.

Administration of safety of 1. perfect laboratory, manage responsibility clearly

The lab differs as a result of professional and different, class, need has special orgnaization to be in charge of the management of laboratory security aspect. From go up to run a system to the security that next wanting that build a lab, have specific safety administration arrangement of ideas and safe responsibility.

2. values job of safe foundation sex, strengthen safety to standardize construction

The fundamental sex job of laboratory security is to strengthen safety to standardize lab construction energetically. Emphasize from the following 4 respects spread out:

(1) traffic organization management standardizes laboratory security. Advocate if make,carry with laboratory security the laboratory security of behavior target manages whole process each detailed, exercisable administration level.

(2) standardization of laboratory security condition. Basically be to make sure the cop establishment such as lab building and water, report, gas is normative, lab equipment and all sorts of accessory are in good condition, lab spot decorates reasonable, passageway expedite, laboratory safety standard is marked and all ready, intuitionistic. Laboratory security safeguard and warning decice are all ready and reliable.

(3) laboratory security operates standardization. The individual experiment that basically is aimed at each lab or high-grade instrument equipment establish operating sequence and administrative standard, realize standard and standardization operation.

(4) laboratory security system of education is changed. The necessary security that has a lab regularly teachs the job, accomplish " against a rainy day, nip in the bud " . Do good laboratory security to report the work at the same time.

3. increases the investment of laboratory security establishment, raise safety factor

Be in to existing lab fire prevention, explosion proof, gas defence, guard against theft, radiation-proof, prevent infect wait for safe facilities respect to increase investment strength, according to the particular case of lab risk element, newer, transform, deploy necessary labor protection establishment and things, install establishment of necessary experimental fire control, ventilated, explosion proof, with period as soon as possible discovers hidden danger, put an end to accident happening.

4. strengthens laboratory security to teach, undertake safety grooms

Safe education is those who prevent accident happening is preventive the job. Laboratory management layer should take laboratory security seriously adequately to teach the job, make safe system of education and long-term safe education groom program, increase the investment that laboratory security teachs, the teacher that fixed organization enters a lab to work and the grooming that undertake to the student technical knowledge studies systematic safety, aggrandizement safety consciousness, do good safety to supervise the work. The proposal should open safety to teach a webpage, open up safety teachs column, fixed organization safety teachs a lecture, have a few put out a fire, practice that save oneself, raise the safe technology level of concerned personnel ceaselessly, master accident lash-up processing technique adroitly, the personnel that makes work and each learn in the lab is had deal with the ability of sudden incident.

Brief summary

This is the technology from the lab and administrative field, because chemical knowledge deficient, operation is non-standard, safe,looking from personnel respect is the reason such as recognizant lack is caused more, regard a lab as administrator, the quality that wants program good laboratory to analyse personnel above all grooms problem, because the lab is " it is with the person this " lab, no matter be advanced laboratory security,the control of skill of recognizant education, experiment still is instrument operation, care and maintenance groom, the can better happening that prevents safe accident and the safety that ensure the lab works move.