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In recent years, our country ab extra species inbreaks the situation is grim. Yunnan province released our country first provincial and ab extra inbreak species directory, of print and distribute of agricultural country ministry " annulus of agricultural country science and education can work 2019 point " put forward, will drive ab extra species to manage legislation, raise management priority of the 2nd batch of countries directory of ab extra species.
On May 21, yunnan is released " Yunnan province is ab extra inbreak species directory (2019 edition) " (the following abbreviation " directory " ) , it is our country first provincial and ab extra inbreak species directory. " directory " substandard of big Lian of the blessing birthday spiral shell that collected Yunnan churchyard discovery, America will inbreak species reachs 4 mutation 441 kinds, among them the country of origin of 50.1% comes from America.
In recent years, our country is faced with austere biology to inbreak situation, custom often is hunted down when check inbreak species. Agricultural country ministry one of key jobs this year, drive ab extra species to manage legislation namely, raise management priority of the 2nd batch of countries ab extra inbreak species directory.
Bullfrog, crayfish is belonged to inbreak badly kind of ab extra species
Alleged and ab extra inbreak species, it is to point to the nature that is in place ego recovery capability, likelihood perhaps was formed to perhaps had been been opposite in natural ecosystem partly zoology environment, production perhaps lives cause the ab extra species that damages adverse perhaps effect apparently.
Yunnan releases this " directory " will inbreak species differentiates it is 5 kinds big, include Ⅰ form malign inbreak kind, Ⅱ class inbreaks badly kind, Ⅲ level is local inbreak kind, Ⅳ class inbreaks commonly kind, Ⅴ class remains to observe kind.
Among them, Ⅰ form is pernicious inbreak kind include small Gan Ju, phoenix key point blue (water hyacinth) , Shou Luo of blessing of snail of brown cloud agate, canaliculus. America big Lian (big cockroach) , shrimp of former chela of gram family name (crayfish) , bullfrog belong to Ⅱ class to inbreak badly kind.
Sun Hang of director of institute of plant of Kunming of the Chinese Academy of Sciences expresses, yunnan is ab extra inbreak the country of origin of species comes from 6 area, come from American sort among them most, 223 kinds reach 1 mutation, occupy inbreak entirely 50.1% phyletic, "" directory " will driving Yunnan biology diversity to monitor wait for a respect to offer science to prop up, also will be our country other area is ab extra inbreak of species directory make up grind offer experience and draw lessons from " .
As we have learned, commonly used prevention and cure is at present ab extra inbreak the means of species basically has artificial prevention and cure, chemical prevention and cure to wait, labor power of support of artificial prevention and cure is mechanical perhaps equipment undertakes keeping clear of, chemical prevention and cure is chemically herbicide prevent and kill off. In addition, also can prevent and cure through biology or natural enemy, use cause disease microbial etc control is foreign inbreak of species plant group of density, perhaps pass integrated processing, combine one-way technology to produce respective advantage.
Constant regard sb as an outsider of △ our country will inbreak species
Our country custom is hunted down for many times this year inbreak species
The intractable situation that Yunnan faces, it is our country species inbreaks an epitome of the situation. China is to suffer ab extra species to inbreak one of the most serious countries, custom often is hunted down when check inbreak species, happen many cases this year only.
This year in March, the member that spot of custom of airport of subject Guangzhou white cloud passes Guangzhou custom is right student studying abroad of an Africa book carries when undertaking checking into condition baggage, discover the carry secretly inside its bag big snail of Africa of two live body. African big snail is called " rural killer " , party says to want to declare at customs as pet.
In April, custom of subject money river is stationed in Hangzhou custom the member that postal agency checks customs examination is opposite when undertaking into condition mail routine is checked, discover a mail existence that comes from Spain is unusual. The discovery after opening box has 8 small cases, body rat Fu lives of more than 200 inside. With the month, chengdu custom hunted down scorpion of 8 live body. This approves what scorpion comes from England to not have declare the name of an article to take condition post, the image when passing X smooth opportunity is unusual, the discovery after opening is received 8 times there all is a scorpion inside the box. Via detecting appraisal, belong to scorpion of south Africa flat rock, originate in south Africa formerly, noxiousness is weak, disposition docile, a little jumpy.
"Eat " insoluble ab extra species inbreaks problem
In recent years, asian carp breeds in American insanity, the ecological balance that menace reachs place. Regard a Chinese as a kind of material of cooking nevertheless, carp division fish loves by compatriots. After be informed American carp to run rampant, a lot of netizens express, "Let home eat goods to solve " . Artful is, inbreak crayfish of ab extra species, also be a cate of our country table. This makes a lot of netizens think, inbreak species can run rampant, because go out without development,basically be " have a way " .
This kind of viewpoint has apparently break biased. Academy of sciences of life of Beijing Normal University teachs Liao Mojin to tell a reporter, if " take money " can solve all problems, won't appear species inbreaked.
Liao Mojin expresses, inbreak species is the dinky part in ab extra species only. The reporter consults discovery of database of Chinese ab extra species, of our country inbreak species guards estimation to have 754 kinds. Among them, inbreak plant sort is most, it is to inbreak respectively animal and microbial 1.4 times with 4.4 times. Look from origin, inbreak the plant basically results from North America and South America, inbreak the animal basically comes from an Asia, inbreak microbial basically come from North America.
Before before long, a kind of biology that the name is Japanese giant knotweed inbreaks wantonly England, the information that causes local zoology crisis causes netizen heat to discuss, the species that the netizen worries about this kind of dreariness also can inbreak our country.
Liao Mojin introduces, japanese giant knotweed is a mutation, 19 centuries introduce England, molecular mark announces Japanese giant knotweed of England is a big clone, main support clone grows, mutate basically without heredity. This mutation and congeneric another species cross produced a hybrid strain, this species has certain genetic variation.
"Does China have Japanese giant knotweed? This problem still does not have final conclusion, records of plant of English edition China says to do not have this species, but in the paper that publishing, wuhan arboretum and Guizhou Normal University have investigator to think Japanese giant knotweed has in Chinese south distributing, this species is China aboriginal kind. " Liao Mojin says, giant knotweed is in belong to cry " head black is belonged to " , inbreak species does not cause a harm in country of origin main because have natural enemy.
Our country will drive ab extra species to manage legislation this year
The branch inbreaks to species all the time related our country keep vigilant, much branch has been released inbreak species directory.
What by former state environmental protection total bureau and combination of Chinese Academy of Sciences release is ab extra inbreak species list has announced 4 batches. In January 2003, total bureau of former state environmental protection and combination of the Chinese Academy of Sciences release the list that the first batch of exotic organisms inbreak, share 16 breed, typical species if phoenix eye is blue (water hyacinth) ; In January 2010, ministry of former environmental protection and the Chinese Academy of Sciences combine formulate, ministry of former environmental protection releases the list that the 2nd batch of ab extra species inbreak, share 19 breed, shrimp of famouser former chela of the family name that be like a gram (crayfish) ; In August 2014, general office of department of former environmental protection releases the list that the 3rd batch of ab extra species inbreak, share 18 breed, common Brazilian chelonian waits; In December 2016, general office of department of former environmental protection releases the list that the 4th batch of ab extra species inbreak, share 18 breed.
2007, total bureau of qualitative check of former Ministry of Agriculture and former state released our country to take condition plant quarantine sex directory of evil living things, directory cent is 6 kinds big 435 kinds. 2017, directory undertook updating, increased to include to help Jie of Sang Mianfen Jie, cassava continous pink, helianthus up 6 kinds of new quarantine such as fireweed of subgenus of amaranth of individual plant of black bine disease, different sexual evil living things, new directory included biology of the insect, mollusc, fungus, former nucleus, wireworm, fireweed 6 kinds big 441 kinds. In addition, our country still has prohibit carrying, mail into of the condition use plant and its product and directory of other quarantine content, the vivid animal besides feline dog all is prohibiting. Former Ministry of Agriculture announced national management priority 2013 ab extra inbreak species directory, in all 52 kinds.
Be worth what carry is, this year of print and distribute of agricultural country ministry " annulus of agricultural country science and education can work 2019 point " put forward, will drive ab extra species to manage legislation, raise management priority of the 2nd batch of countries directory of ab extra species.
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Reprint an editor: Li Pei / / editor-in-charge: Bai Chen / / supervise the manufacture of: Zhang Lei
