Liu Zhiwei of our newspaper reporter
Interfere gravitation wave observatory as American laser (LIGO) first time " listen respectfully " to gravitation wave, its explore the heat vocabulary that makes scientific group, many nations of world made the gravitation wave that has distinguishing feature each explore a plan. Among them, the technical program that because its are distinctive,the Tian Qin of our country plans is known as gravitation wave to explore " Chinese plan " and get attention fully.
However, tian Qin plans to drew heat to discuss again with another kind of means recently. Because was used,be different from the west is at present Euramerican national plan, scientific to its sex and effectiveness represent a few experts of domestic misgive. Have the LISA plan of expert contrast Europe even, right " Tian Qin " plan whether carry out smoothly raise doubt. So, the United States and Europe already had similar exploration plan, why do we make executive Tian Qin plan even? The question that relevant expert raises, how to solve again? Reporter of daily of science and technology is taking these curiosity and question, connection plans project expert to Tian Qin, seek " Tian Qin " mystery.
Of develop a new style or a new method of one's own " Chinese plan "
The academia thinks generally, the discovery of gravitation wave is physics and a astronomical major breakthrough. Its open a gate of human exploration universe, open the universe possibly even to be born inchoate mystery.
Tian Qin plans Luo Jun of academician of presenter, the Chinese Academy of Sciences to say, the theoretical foundation that gravitation wave research is current physics course not only, development way that deciding forward position course, righter the environment that includes an earthquake inside is monitored, geological resource survey, and the national defence war industry such as promotion of function of navigation of missile course design, submarine has great sense.
Tian Qin plans putting forward is to be on the international conference March 2014, but the technology is accumulated from last centuries 80 time began. According to introducing, the train of thought that Tian Qin plans is to be apart from the earth 3 satellites launch on orbit of 100 thousand kilometer, establish array of equilateral triangle satellite around the earth, resembled wearing a harp in aerospace, the gravitation wave in the universe is passed, can dial move " string " . Measure so that the distance of 3 satellites and position change through the technology such as laser range finding, can get data of this gravitation wave, understand the astronomy incident of its backside and astronomy process.
LIGO is the orgnaization of the first astronomy that explores gravitation wave. But LIGO is gravitation wave is explored on the ground. Ground observation instrument grows because of the arm shorter, can receive wave of high frequency gravitation only. "Tian Qin " be put 3 satellites in aerospace, the space between the star is OK and enough long, because this can explore wave of low frequency gravitation, capture richer physics, astronomical process.
Current, similar dimensional gravitation wave planning to explore a plan with Tian Qin on international basically is the LISA plan of Euramerican dominant. Both is to launch 3 satellites to comprise large laser to interfere aerial to explore gravitation wave in the space. Its distinction is moving in sun path at LISA all round, plan of day musical instrument is the exploration plan near earthly orbit. The core technology of two kinds of plan is basic and same, plan carries out each to have actor drawback.
International tip expert also hopes to participate in among them
The misgive that plans to Tian Qin also basically moves to be all round earthly orbit and rise because of it. Relevant expert thinks, this sun radiate that moving orbit may make the satellite suffers excessive and be damaged, the keep out of earthly shadow produces an effect likely also to the significant time of instrument observation. Face these doubt, does Professor Zhou Zebing say: ? We have? of room of bank miscellaneous Shi consideration and solution. We have? of room of bank miscellaneous Shi consideration and solution..
"Tian Qin " form by 3 satellites, the celestial bodies such as local ball, moon, Mercury or Venus moves " Tian Qin " some between satellite and sun when, can arrive to illuminate the sun's rays on the satellite causes keep out, form sun shadow issue. Zhou Zebing says, these keep out can be complete keep out, defend temperature of star catalogue face to be able to produce marked change at this moment, but also may be very small the keep out of one part, will not have apparent effect to satellitic temperature at this moment. To make sure instrument facilities is safe, all hour of keep out produce in the likelihood, can make " Tian Qin " stop scientific data to collect the job.
"Pass imitate for many times, we discover ' Tian Qin ' explore in the science that spans 5 years period inside can come up against 7, 9 keep out incident, the time that lasts every time does not exceed 1 hour, among them majority is partial keep out. " Zhou Zebing says, because produce the number of keep out finite and the time that lasts every time is very short, during the task moves need takes care these keep out to produce an effect to instrument equipment safety, but they won't be right " Tian Qin " anticipated scientific gain produces distinct effect.
Path movement causes temperature change, the temperature stability of satellitic interior also is " Tian Qin " one catastrophe problem.
Zhou Zebing says, the partial surface of gravitation wave exploration satellite can affix a solar battery board for satellitic power supply. Through reasonable design heat of job plan, satellite accuses, satellitic structure, can make solar battery board the can be shot exclusively by sun illumination directly place in becoming a satellite to probe a process in wave of whole space gravitation. Install a solar battery for nothing through lying between board means, can make good solar battery board with the adiabatic problem between satellitic main body, assure the temperature stability of satellitic interior. "Although final plan needs further research, but believe personnel of engineering of our country spaceflight has sufficient wisdom to be able to solve this one problem. " Zhou Zebing says.
"Tian Qin plans " the system is huge, want 15, research time of 20 years. Home already had more than 10 universities and academy place to share the work that Tian Qin plans, but still a lot of project technology difficult problem remain to capture. Luo Jun says, the top professor of Germany, Italy, France also hopes to be able to be participated in among them.
"We go very likely in front of them "
Because be far from the earth, LISA3 the satellite projects locomotive demand tall, satellite from the time that shoots course to need to experience more than 1 year, orbit move plan is complex, belong to " trudge " , the life that gives an instrument and dependability bring constant pressure; Next, the included angle that to maintain a satellite to form into columns plane and sun illumination shoot is constant (60 degrees of) , need is opposite ceaselessly of every satellite point to undertake adjustment, because this is brought inevitably,disturb element.
Zhou Zebing introduces, "Tian Qin " satellite from launch course to anticipate opposite time is shorter, to our country character, this technology is relatively at present mature; As a result of " Tian Qin " laser interference arm is shorter than LISA, "Tian Qin " excel LISA wants in the exploration sensitivity of high frequency end, black hole of this medium to research quality, and it is very important that associated ground explores an experiment to undertake wave of gravitation of much wave band studies.
This year the beginning of the year, "Tian Qin " group and relevant research organization realize a month successfully in home first (ball) , the ground (ball) laser range finding, decide the foundation below course technology establish for nicety of fast track satellite thereby, the dimensional gravitation wave that this means China explores a plan " Tian Qin " the first pace that stepped materiality successfully.
Current, multinomial core technology has tackled key problem and get test and verify, for instance inertial sensor has developed the space successful, and passed a space twice to carry test and verify.
This is the world go up " scientific and unmanned area " . "Tian Qin " build an edge to accumulate in the edge all the time, had made 20 old technology reserve. because have a few years accumulate, when speaking of Europe's similar dimensional gravitation wave exploring project LISA to will enter the space 2034, does Luo Jun say: ? Unplug Hui of Lin of Qi of provide for of zinc of cheek choke Yi calls on Jin of tall regretful! ?
