Life rubbish is classified, get stuck after all which (incoming letter overview)
Jin Zhengbo of our newspaper reporter
N/arc drafting: Shen Yiling
● wants implementation to be able to reclaim content classification and renewable resources reclaim join, harmful rubbish classification is collected with dangerous trash processing joins, perishable classification of more than rubbish collects rubbish or hutch to pledge with biology resource is changed use join
● encourages social capital, specialization in the particular segment that the enterprise participates in rubbish to handle
The near future, " the reader sends a letter " edition begin " life rubbish classification, get stuck after all which " discuss, cause a reader extensive resonance.
Actually, our country begins life rubbish classification to already had 10 old time. 2000, 8 cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen serve as life rubbish classification to collect pilot city, those who pulled open classification of our country rubbish to collect is prelusive. These year come, we obtained certain result, rubbish classifies consciousness to increase somewhat, classified ash-bin, rubbish handles the hardware establishment such as equipment to get rising. But from the point of integral effect, rubbish classification job is advanced slow, classified promotion still fails truly thorough common people lives.
Life rubbish generation estimates rapid growth, classify no time to delay
As economic society development and corporeal consumption level rise considerably, generation of rubbish of our country life estimates rapid growth, environmental hidden trouble is more outstanding, one when had become new-style town to change development restricts an element. Build ministry data according to living, the whole nation set clear volume of city city life rubbish 2015 is 191 million tons, 2016 is 200 million tons.
If the life rubbish with huge amount cannot get effective processing, will reside an environment to cause serious effect to the person, rubbish classifies no time to delay. "Admirable person ranks an environment, it is people yearning to good life one part. " ornamental columns erected in front of palaces of Cheng of Anhui Hefei reader is shown, executive life rubbish is classified, can defeat solution effectively difficult problem of urban and rural rubbish, improve a person to rank an environment, raise new-style town to change quality and zoology civilization to build a level.
"Rubbish classification is the important segment that before undertaking to rubbish, deals with, it is the key that implementation rubbish decreases fountainhead to quantify and reduce an environment to pollute. " citing says Wen Zongguo of director of research center of industry of economy of loop of Tsinghua university China, useless plastic fill bury difficult degradation, pollute groundwater not only, still meet permanent take up much land natural resources; Rubbish lump burns, the likelihood releases harmful gas, cause air to pollute, bring healthy risk to the public.
Not only such, life rubbish classification still can raise follow-up rubbish to handle efficiency, reduce processing difficulty, it is the important grasper that expands circular economy. For instance, calorific value taller can light composition to undertake burning generating electricity, improve thermal efficiency; The organic material of will easy degradation is grading come out to undertake compost is handled, raise compost efficiency and quality to wait a moment.
"Rubbish classification is collected can let life rubbish become useless to be treasure already, be helpful for protecting good surroundings again, take the route that can develop continuously, benefit of implementation economic benefits, society and environmental benefit photograph are unified, to building well-off in the round the society has important sense. " Yunnan saves Zhou Junhu of reader of Xuan Wei city to say.
Sense of life rubbish classification is great, it is a project that is helpful for the people's livelihood originally, but all not be like person meaning however in carrying out a process.
"The vegetables and fruits that takes outer packing, unripe delicacy is bought in the supermarket, want to put peel and polybag in different ash-bin; Broken toy, circuitry of plastic part, useless old batteries, electron board want classify. " Li Wenting of reader of city of Heibei province yellow Hua says frankly, the most troublesome is, classics regular meeting distributes the kind wrong, throw A to the position of B, put C in the position of D.
The dweller shares aspiration not tall, classification of influence back end handles efficiency
Life rubbish classification carried out so much year, but be carried out in many areas and be like person meaning very much, are its main what is the reason?
The circumstance that sends a letter from the reader is analysed, the dweller classifies consciousness still on the low side. Classification of rubbish of our country dweller is witting degree be as high as 90% , but can be participated in and compare the crowd of the accurate classification that finish to hold sum total only 20% the left and right sides, can long importunate person is fewer. Dweller rubbish classification is participated in rate, put in accuracy rate inferior, bring about those who collect " classified rubbish " still mix rubbish, restricted classification to handle the moving efficiency of establishment.
Shu Yi of reader of city of Hubei red estuarine is street do a staff member, his incoming letter says: "Through the effort that a few this years the city founds, each old old village undertook transforming, the rubbish passageway whole sealing of each corridor, put dustbin downstairs. The dweller basically can accomplish rubbish bagging, calm dot puts in, but basically also be one in bags. A lot of dwellers feel rubbish classification is too troublesome, without that leisure. Partial dweller made simple classification however, but overall the proportion that hold is small. But overall the proportion that hold is small..
Return some reader report " separated white also branch " . "At the beginning, when clearing away life rubbish, do good classification first in the home designedly, good with different plastic in bags, throw into ash-bin by attribute again. " Sichuan province is wide Zhang Houmei says yuan of city reader, but discover environmental sanitation personnel later,still install all rubbish into carry away of a car. Work laboriously classification, final however by " one spoon braise " , easy contusion enthusiasm.
One is engaged in the reader with environmental sanitation old job having feeling greatly: "Not be not to want to classify carry away, it is cost really too big. Many dweller rubbish classification are done cannot get, perhaps do not know how to be divided, or from the start is not divided. If use 3 kinds of different rubbish Qing Dynasty to carry the car is carried, cost is too high. Cost is too high..
To this, institute of Tsinghua university environment teachs Liu Jianguo to analyse, the getaway that carries out rubbish classification in our country level, the rubbish classification that main contradiction depends on back end lacking modern, diversification handles installation. Although partial dweller accomplished fountainhead to classify, environmental sanitation enterprise also is not done classification is collected and classification is carried, final can " reach the same goal by different routes " . In recent years, a batch of cities of our country built diversification, modern rubbish to classify processing facilities in succession, for rubbish classified processing provided better hardware safeguard. The main contradiction that our country rubbish classifies produces change, by back end lack of classified processing facilities is changed into fountainhead classification to put in participate in rate is low differ with accuracy.
Front affects back end, back end restricts front, fail to form benign loop. The high cost that classifies processing facilities is inefficient influence industry classification is collected and classify carriage endurance, often still can appear " after be being divided first, mix " phenomenon, affect a dweller to classify the enthusiasm that put in then.
Hutch beyond rubbish is occupied than big, need " wet rubbish " cent comes out
Rubbish of life of our country dweller still has an outstanding characteristic, hutch beyond rubbish occupies bigger, moisture content tall, easy cankered smell. On the low side of calorific value of hutch beyond rubbish, when burn need is added support combustion agent, bring about not only burn cost heighten, and go against burn the control of the contaminant in the process. In a lot of cities, because fountainhead was not classified, rubbish of many life of interfuse of hutch beyond rubbish is filled to bury together or burn, not only unavailable optimal effect, cause pollution easily still 2 times. Wen Zongguo thinks, handling the place of main way for rubbish with burning, need above all hutch more than rubbish gives birth to the depart in vivid rubbish from the dweller.
At present the life rubbish of each district classifies means diversity, but going up at all is means of two kinds of classification: One kind is trichotomy, cent to can reclaim rubbish, harmful rubbish is mixed other rubbish, another kind is quartation, cent is can reclaim rubbish, perishable rubbish, harmful rubbish and other rubbish, divide again on the foundation of trichotomy namely piece perishable rubbish. Each district classifies the difference of means, basically be to can reclaiming the fractionize means of rubbish differs, wait for litter of glass, useless old textile, electron, big rubbish for example sole branch comes out.
Change according to hair of country of transmit of general office of the State Council appoint, live build a department " system of life rubbish classification implements plan " , our country carries out life rubbish to be classified compulsively in the go ahead of the rest inside partial limits, the requirement must regard one of categories that classify compulsively as harmful rubbish, undertake alone collection, carry and deal with, and to perishable rubbish and can reclaim rubbish, can the actual condition according to place, the choice defines the category that classifies compulsively, carry out in the area such as enterprise of free market of agricultural products, meal for example perishable the compulsive classification of rubbish.
Wen Zongguo suggests, show level to tell to our country, classification should be opposite first a bit simpler, do stage by stage again next fine. Mix high according to moisture content of our country rubbish but biochemistry the characteristic with organic qualitative high content, at present the most pressing is a water content is high " wet rubbish " , basically be hutch cent of more than rubbish comes out. The 2nd kind must want those who come out to divide is harmful rubbish, for instance lithium battery, tube, medicines and chemical reagents, reduce the dangerous sex of follow-up processing, improvement burns moving security, reduce pollution to discharge.
Of course, the layout of site establishment hardware in rubbish classification is unscientific, the terminal after rubbish is classified handles establishment not to follow to go up also is main reason. For example, some processing facilities and craft do not perfect hutch beyond rubbish, a little harmful rubbish still does not have perfect processing facilities, the loop of the renewable resources after classification uses installation less.
Liu Jianguo also thinks, rubbish classification puts in should simplification is adopted proper to incentive measure. Classification reclaims the main factor that the convenience sex of establishment is behavior of processing of influence dweller rubbish, the proposal establishs classified standard according to the principle of kinds of adjust measures to local conditions, big thick cent. The accuracy rate that can use the means such as integral award to raise classification to put in even to the dweller and participate in rate. Put responsibility on to fall to real point fountainhead classification of the dweller truly only, ability form participates in the lasting effect mechanism that rubbish classifies into the whole people.
In this respect, zhejiang province builds Fan Gongjie of committee member of heart city the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference to think to be able to draw lessons from Zhejiang to face installed practice. "It is rubbish cent only can decay and cannot decay, every family wants two garbage can only, with black, green the rubbish bag of two kinds of color distinguishs, also need to establish black, green only on street face two ash-bin, already intuitionistic go to the lavatory again, classification is not bothered again. Classification is not bothered again..
Stimulative rubbish classification and renewable resources reclaim " two nets are shirt-sleeve "
"Life rubbish is collected have street, house appoint meeting, property, carry of rubbish Qing Dynasty and branch of department argument environmental sanitation are responsible; Of renewable resources reclaim environmental sanitation is participated in, also the new-style business that is engaged in technically reclaiming is participated in; Harmful rubbish is in charge of by environmental protection branch, medical treatment rubbish is in charge of by environmental protection and wholesome branch. " Wen Zongguo thinks, the administrative mechanism that at present life rubbish classifies is suitable without manage.
Rubbish classification includes classification to put in, classification is collected, classification is carried, classified processing, which link drops chain, metropolis all one's previous efforts wasted. But in light of current condition, rubbish classification and renewable resources reclaim system or " two pieces of skins " . The waste product that has resource value is distributed normally at the city " main forces of glean and collect scraps " reclaim, life rubbish is main by environmental sanitation system " regular army " be in charge of collecting processing.
Wen Zongguo expresses, to rubbish classification and renewable resources reclaim " two nets are shirt-sleeve " , can incorporate as a whole the administrative function of relevant section, sufficient play participates in the synergism of main body each. Incorporate as a whole for instance business affairs branch, environmental sanitation branch reclaims in useless old goods and materials, the two management function that rubbish controls carry to deal with, two will original systems put in from fountainhead, processing of system controlling use, extreme deals with wait for 3 link to undertake making overall plans with the design. In the meantime, want implementation to be able to reclaim content classification and renewable resources reclaim join, harmful rubbish classification is collected with dangerous trash processing joins, perishable classification of more than rubbish collects rubbish or hutch to pledge with biology resource is changed use join, the rubbish after implementation is classified enters different processing facilities to classify processing, prevent to cause pollution because of rubbish body outer circulation 2 times.
Straighten administration besides the system, administrative concept should catch up with more. Renewable resources industry also is the main component that life rubbish handles, it is the career of fundamental sex commonweal of relation the people's livelihood, the government should give appropriate finance allowance and taxation privilege. Still should encourage social capital, specialization in the particular segment that the enterprise participates in rubbish to handle. Only such, ability casts off renewable resources industry to handle a trade by market dominant, rubbish by governmental dominant " two pieces of skins " situation, promotion industry assemble is spent, technical level, implementation transition upgrades.
To this, city of division of music of Nanchang city high official position is in charge of appoint Xu opposes a proposal, can enlarge reject to reclaim phyletic, purchase a service through the government, adopt concessionary manage, contract manage, rent manage wait for operation means, open invite public bidding introduces specialization service company, promotion rubbish classification reclaims deal with level.
Have a reader special mention, rubbish classifies establishment to should bring into town overall planning, by " classification puts in, classification is collected, classification is carried, classification is handled " classification of functional general rubbish brings into town to always plan to be built with community, the extreme after aggrandizement rubbish is classified handles the construction of establishment of form a complete set.
Additional, our country has not establish perfect legal laws and regulations and tie policy, strong thrust is moved and carry out compulsively not quite strong. In lack activity specification and restricted circumstance fall, rely on the soft measure such as conduct propaganda, advise only, life rubbish classification is advanced hard still. Accordingly, strengthen law to restrict, also need to catch up with the pace of development.
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