Is because be short of zinc,malic flocculus disease only? Matter possibly still with the element suc

Speak of malic flocculus is ill, most fruit grower thinks, because cultivate body to lack the physiology disease that zincic element causes,be merely, once produce flocculus disease to adopt the measure such as filling zinc, but effect of prevention and cure is goodish however.

In fact, besides be short of zinc agronomic operation is undeserved if annulus pares root system of herbicide of overweight, abuse, fruiter is damaged,wait, same meeting causes flocculus disease. Accordingly, should cure malic flocculus is ill, because of,should clear up the hair cause of disease that causes flocculus above all, reassume measure undertakes preventing and cure.

After malic flocculus disease happens, the flocculus disease condition that no matter which are planted,the reason causes is basic and same.

Spring of ● ill branch is gemmiparous later, the have a youthful look that take a page grows backwater, qualitative thick and fragile, xie Senong is weak not all and show olive, disease is vimineous short, xie Yuan coils up, blade is petty and bunch shape.

● 2~3 ill branch is easy after the month withered dead, ill branch bottom sends new branch additionally, the lamina on new branch at first normal, hind small or gradual change is chromatic not all, serious when 5~6 year almost all occurrence flocculus is ill on unripe old branch.

● disease cultivates suffocate suffocate of bud become divided, bud or beautiful little color are light, sit not easily small deformation of fruit or fruit.

Development of root system of ● disease tree is undesirable, later period has sodden root appearance, send the tree that get a severe disease force is exceeding and weak, crown of a tree is not patulous, send crop to reduce.

Be short of zinc

Because soil is short of zinc,cultivating body to be short of the flocculus disease that zinc causes basically is, or salt of the zinc in soil cannot be changed use or the scale between the element is maladjusted cause.

Soil is short of zinc: When soil effective zinc content under 0.5mg/kg when, easy cause flocculus disease, this kind of circumstance is scarcer.

Edaphic much phosphor: Phosphate of phosphate fertilizer excessive restrains the absorption of zincic element, make cultivate body to be short of zinc to cause flocculus. Effective phosphor content is more than soil when 320mg/kg, no matter soil is effective zincic content discretion, also no matter how climate condition changes, malic tree all may produce serious flocculus defect. When soil effective phosphor content is 80 ～ when 320mg/kg, and edaphic P/Zn is more than 100 when, malic garden is incidental also flocculus is ill.

Early spring low temperature: When spring apple tree begins to grow, if air temperature is longer time on the low side, the apple upholds the change to get used to outside ambient, begin to absorb phosphor in great quantities, the zinc that although establish system right now,absorbs is not little, but blade P/Zn is ambitious at 100, the validity that upholds body zinc right now is reduced, cause tree body very easily to grow element synthesis decreases, bring about large area of malic flocculus disease to happen directly consequently.

Produce a characteristic

● is short of zinc to cause flocculus disease expression is in or an area, be not individual plant, the weight degree that is semiotic expression only somewhat difference.

● relief condition of barren, water supply needs property of low, soil, flocculus disease is behaved badlier, and come on branch is hind often have not the bald belt of come into leaf exists.

Flocculus of taper of the branch on ● tree, can smoke in the bottom of flocculus give birth to branch of a strong flourishing. This is the apparent feature of disease of the flocculus that be short of zinc.

● produces serious rate, from earth kind on look: Wet earth > brown earth > brown earth; From earthy on look: Sandy soil > clay > loam.

Method of prevention and cure

If ① discovers the fruiter has defer gemmiparous phenomenon, solution of vitriolic zinc of 3%~5% of the gush before can sprouting, or in gemmiparous and primary in season solution of 0.1% vitriolic zinc, 0.2% vitriolic zinc increase 3 weeks of in season after the flower 0.3% urea, the 3~4 that connect gush second, interval is controlled 15 days.

② is united in wedlock spring, autumn apply base fertilizer, every individual plant is added into age tree apply 0.25~0.5kg vitriolic zinc, should mix adequately with organic fertilizer even hind using.

③ is in sanded ground or barren country orchard divides supply zinc fertilizer outside, still should notice improved soil, apply organic fertilizer, strengthen water and soil conservation.

④ combines plant diseases and insect pests of fruiter of prevention and cure, the choice when gush medicine contains zinc of manganese of third dark zinc, acting Sen Xin, Dai Sen kind the antiseptic of composition, can prevent a variety of disease such as disease of fruiter stain fallen leaves, speckle disease, rust, powdery mildew effectively, still can rise antiseptic the action of filling zinc, kill two birds with one stone.

Root system is damaged

Damage of the root system that establish system meets those who affect nutrient material absorb, tree force is weak at the same time, cause flocculus disease thereby.

Be completely cured is undeserved: If be between growth period, especially before half an year digs chasm top application, or make deep intertill smooth with a rake with rotary tillage, can cause root system loss. Serious obstacle alimentation and store up, and the occurrence that causes flocculus disease.

Root system seeper: Orchard water divides misgovern, when root ministry seeper is serious, can make fruiter root system long-term immerse in water, create root system anoxic bring about absorb a death, corresponding branch lacks the supply of inorganic nutrition, and cannot synthesize organic nutrition, lack nutrition because of vimineous lamina and form flocculus.

Produce a characteristic

● symptom appears in edge of a field more, edge of a low bank between fields, clay reachs the fruiter on old water course, ancient road badly.

Symptom of the expression on ● tree mostly atrophy of group of branch of flocculus of pruning of a branch is not exhibited, the flower is little, lubricious weak sit to lead low, fruit if really small deformation.

The meeting when ● is serious from disease branch radical ministry takes out a new branch, as new branch the growth of branch age progressively flocculus.

Method of prevention and cure

① protects root system, grow in the fine root of coarseness of the 0.3~0.5cm on various lateral root especially. The move on this kind of root gives birth to many absorption the fibril with better function, the big root that ditch shows is after dig, ying Shu exhibits the ground to be buried in loosen the soil, along with follow n cultivated land bury, take strict precautions against long-term wind to blow insolation bare, take the root dry. The attention is not in growth period be completely cured.

② is become when root system seeper is serious, activity of fruiter root system is restricted, must catchment of channel of seasonable Qing Dynasty, prevent be soiled to kill.

③ pays attention to improvement edaphic environment, grow at root system with benefit. But ditch of annulus drop waterline drenchs irritant of biology of the demon that use the of great capacity, in order to increase edaphic granule structure, balanced nutrition, enhance a plant haggard.

Hidebound

Organic fertilizer is lacked, annulus of in successive years pares, vimineous damage, long put not scanty not cut is not answered shrink, scale of Potassium of nitrogen, phosphor is maladjusted etc, can cause a tree body is hidebound and cause flocculus disease.

Organic fertilizer lacks: Nutrition of organic fat severe shortage does not cause the disease that lack element completely, form flocculus.

Annulus of in successive years pares: The light that annulus pares overweight meeting makes root system is made because of cannotting get blade for long shuts production and be damaged, bring about flocculus happening.

Rest period pulls a branch: Rest period pulls a branch, easy cause vimineous damage, injured woodiness sieve tube of branch. Root system absorbs inorganic nutrition, in carrying Xie Ya hard however, because blade cannot get enough nutrition and cannot be brought up, form flocculus.

Clip builds: Principle and the likeness that pull a branch, this is the main reason that major orchard causes flocculus disease.

Freeze injury: Qiu Sao did not achieve ageing into the winter, suffer aspic because of cold winter season and circumfluence of nutrition of beginning of spring is difficult, nutrient lack formed flocculus.

Produce a characteristic

The symptom is expressed more dry, bough is all in now taper lamina shape of short and fine bunch is not apparent between small, section, tree force is weak bottom appears without new branch.

Method of prevention and cure

① applies organic fertilizer early, especially the orchard of inchoate fallen leaves, can be in the last ten-day of a month came in August ripe breed already was collected in the last ten-day of a month in September close, late-mature breed is collected before closing, adopt cricoid or radioactivity channel is applied.

② fills fruit period fruiter to want to change accuse nitrogen to add phosphorous filling Potassium, to add nitrogen firm phosphor filling Potassium fills small fertilization mode. Avoid to affect zincic absorption because of phosphate fertilizer excessive.

③ does not want annulus to pare as far as possible. Pare to annulus overweight, pare buccal heal is cultivated badly, want to paring the mouth undertakes the bridge receive up and down, bad to cicatrizationing pare the mouth fathers with plastic film bag.

④ is chosen correctly stay cut curium mouth, shun occurrence be geared to the needs of the job the injury, injury that connect a mouth and one-time scanty cross big branch except coarseness. When the ill to because clip is undeserved,had appeared and causing flocculus clip that establish system, want to be given priority to with be being cut gently.

Tree of ⑤ the aged and feeble tree cannot grow all the time put do not shrink not cut, unwary of branch group update, what affected root system directly is newer, the winter cuts an attention to correct.

⑥ should control the load capacity that establishs system strictly, retain hale tree power. Winter does good prevent frostbite.

Other factor

Change receive breed affinity the herbicide of poor, abuse, cankered disease happening that also can cause flocculus.

Change receive breed affinity to differ: Fruit period turns first Cheng Guo period is easy come on, the orchard with fat water good condition Cheng Guo period is easy come on. The symptom is much taper of dry, bough is all in be flocculus, bottom is taken out without new branch.

Abusive herbicide: Avoid to use herbicide in orchard management, especially " careless pleasant phosphine " , bigger to injury of fruiter root system, bring about branch the gemmiparous, defer that extend a part of a historical period, the have a youthful look that take a page is long very slow, narrow bunch gives birth to blade, submit Liu Xie form, belong to invalid lamina, bring about tree situation to drop then, influence crop.

Decay is ill: Cankered disease can damage cerebral cortex and xylem, and the cortex of damage and xylem sieve tube are opposite answering new tip lamina, can furnish for lack of nutrition and produce flocculus.

Method of prevention and cure

① changes the autumn that affinity, variety should note when breed, apply organic fertilizer in order to add to change the happening of disease of this kind of flocculus.

② fruiter growth period prohibits phosphine of pleasant of gush Shi Cao, 2, 4-D fourth ester inside suck destroy unripe herbicide. But artificial cradle, or orchard Fu is careless.

After control of scar of ③ cankered disease spreads, can undertake to cultivating the dry, branch of body bridge fetch solves nutrition to transmit a problem.

Administer crop physiology etiolation, raise a root strong the root is rooted, arouse crop latent capacity!