Friend of engineer of very much weak report often encounters trouble of a few networks in the project, need detects through a few a few commands, spot of fixed position trouble, through using network order, the job that breakdown solves obtained the result of get twice the result with half the effort. Below with respect to lukewarm know so new!
One, Ping commands (Internet includes exploration implement)
Ping is the utility program with an use extremely expensive frequency, basically be used at deciding a network connect quality. This joins whether correctly to deciding a network, and network connective state is very useful. Say simply, ping tests a program namely, if Ping moves correct, the input output line that substantially can eliminate a network to visit card of layer, net, Modem, cable and road by implement the breakdown that waits for existence, narrow thereby the limits of the problem.
1, Ping jussive applies basically
Usually, the user can search a problem to go out through using a series of Ping to command in where, or examine the condition that the network runs. A model gives out below detect order and corresponding likelihood breakdown:
Windows 7 system leaves case of Ping Baidu network address
Note: The time =25ms from the back is to answer time, this time is less, explain you join this address speed is jumped over fast.
① Ping 127.0.0.1
If check a success, address of the installation that indicates agreement of net card, TCP/IP, IP, child the setting that net attack by surprise piles up is normal. If do not check to succeed, the installation that expresses TCP/IP or setting existence have a problem.
This ② Ping machine IP address
If do not check to succeed, state this locality is configured or install existence problem, ought to have test, examination to network equipment and communication medium and eliminate.
Inside ③ Ping local area network other IP
If check a success, the net card in making clear this locality network and carrier move correct. But if receive 0 to answer,send respondent, so express child net attack by surprise is piled up incorrect or net card configures a mistake or cable system has a problem.
IP of ④ Ping gateway
If this command is respondent correct, the gateway road in showing a local area network by implement moving and can make respondent.
⑤ Ping long-range IP
If receive correct and respondent, expressed to use default gateway successfully. The visit Internet that can succeed to dialing online user expresses (but the DNS that does not eliminate ISP can have a problem) .
2, Ping commands parameterIn DOS window, input Ping / ? (attention, there is a blank space at the back of Ping, cannot omit) , ping of direct perhaps input adds a blank space. Knock carriage return bolts, can show Ping jussive to help a specification.
Ping commands parameter
3, example: Test an end and have a name analytic.
C:&Address of IP of target of A of Gt;ping –
2, Ipconfig(shows Ip configures a value)
IPConfig can be used at showing the setting that current TCP/IP configures is worth.
Simple for, the IP address that Ipconfig commands those who make us OK and fast this to obtain succeed in one's scheme to consider aircraft current, child the information such as code of net attack by surprise and default gateway, these information are the necessary project that has test and breakdown analysis. In the meantime, this command is OK also cache of clear empty DNS (DNS Cache) .
1, Ipconfig commands parameterIpconfig commands parameter
Use commonly most is an input: Ipconfig/all, can show complete configuration information. For example:
3, Arp commands (the address changes an agreement)
ARP is TCP/IP one of consultative a group of things with common features significant agreement, the network that is used at deciding corresponding IP address blocks physical address.
Use Arp commands, the current content in can examining this locality computer or the cache of ARP high speed of another station computer. In addition, the net that use Arp commands to OK and artificial means sets a static state blocks physical address / IP address is right, use this kind of means to be able to think the commonly used lead plane such as default gateway and this locality server undertakes this locality static state is configured, this conduces to the information content that reduces a network to go up.
According to default setting, the project in cache of ARP high speed is dynamic, every time to appoint a place to transmit data and high speed cache is right now medium when nonexistent current project, ARP can add this item automatically.
Option of commonly used order:
A of – of ① Arp: Use at examining all items in high speed cache.
② Arp -a IP: If have many nets card, so the IP address that use Arp -a adds interface, can show the ARP cache item related to this interface only.
Address of physics of ③ Arp -s IP: To go-between of cache of ARP high speed labour inputs project of a static state. This project holds significant position in lieutenant general of computer guiding process, perhaps be when occurrence mistake, the physical address of artificial configuration will update this project automatically.
④ Arp -d IP: Use this command to be able to delete project of a static state artificially.
4, Traceroute command
Master use Traceroute command to measure a way by the skill of the circumstance, use indication data to include the method that arrives at course of place of purpose lead plane namely.
Traceroute jussive is basic usage is, key in after commanding clew accord with " Tracert Host_name " or " Tracert Ip_address " , among them, tracert is Traceroute the appellation on Windows operating system.
Output has 5:
What the first N that is descriptive method jumps is numeric, namely the road along this method by implement serial number;
The 2nd is first time when going there and back, delay;
The 3rd is the 2nd when going there and back, delay;
The 4th is the 3rd when going there and back, delay;
The 5th is a road by implement name and the IP address that its input port.
If source from any given road by implement the message that receives is little at 3 (because the network is medium lose in group) , traceroute is in this by implement an asterisk is put at the back of number, report reach that road by implement little the time going there and back at 3.
In addition, tracert command still can be used the measure that examines a network to be passed when join site or take which kinds of course, if be network occurrence breakdown, can command the position that examines occurrence issue through this.
[the way that how tests large network by] :
(1) try a few times more " Ping Www.sina.com.cn " operation, compare the IP address of gotten sina network. If twice Ping gets IP address is different, try a consideration among them reason (if consider load is balanced) . Next, be aimed at these different IP addresses, carry out " Tracert Ip_address " command, observe whether the result that analyses output has difference.
(2) to large network medium some site undertakes Traceroute checks, the record checks a result. Whether does observation appear among them N jumps when the case is delayed when delaying those who be less than N-1 to jump. Try the reason in analysing its (clew: Can delay when the consideration respectively make part individually the effect that has in total Shi Yanzhong) .
(3) inside the different period of time in a day, the road of the main engine that tests to arrive to secure IP address remotely from fixed lead plane for many times with Traceroute program by. Try an analysis to measure data quite, observe this by whether to have change? If have change, is this change frequent?
5, Route command
But, two should be had on the network or many by implement when, the user does not want to depend on default gateway only certainly. Actually the likelihood wants to let address of certain and long-range IP pass a certain specific means by implement will deliver, and other long-range IP adopt another way by implement will deliver. Below this kind of circumstance, the road with user corresponding need by information, these information store in the road by the watch in, every lead plane and every road by implement deserve to have oneself unique way by the watch. Most road by implement use technical means to come by the agreement exchange and trends update a road by implement the road between by the watch. But fall in some circumstances, must add the item the way artificially by implement the road that goes up with lead plane by the watch in. Route commands even if use show, be added artificially and modify a way by what express a project. This command can use following option:
1, Route Print: The project before this command is used at showing a road to be become mediumly by the watch, in single way by implement net paragraph the output result that go up is shown like plan institute.
2, Route Add: Use this order, can add the way the way by the project by the watch.
For example, if want set,one arrives purpose network the road of 209.99.32.33 by, meantime should pass 5 grades by implement net paragraph, a way that wants to go up through this locality network above all by implement IP is 202.96.123.5, child code of net attack by surprise is 255.255.255.224, so the user should command under the input:
Route Add 209.99.32.33 Mask 255.255.255.224202.96.123.5 Metric 5
3, Route Change: The transmission means that can use this command to revise data by, nevertheless, the user cannot use this command to change the destination of data. Below road of the exemple on this example general uses to include 3 networks by the change paragraph method:
Route Add 209.99.32.33 Mask 255.255.255.224202.96.123.250 Metric 3
4, it is OK that Route Delete uses this order from the road by the road is deleted in the watch by. For example: Route Delete 209.99.32.33
6, release Ip/ to get Ip order afresh
If use the operating system of the computer is Windows, when us the network is not connected when going up or when Ip address occurrence conflict, can use release Ip address first, get new Ip address afresh again next, can solve problem of Ip address conflict.
Command:
Ipconfig /release releases IP address.
Still need Ipconfig /renew to be in next get afresh.
How to solve what they fall in light of us:
1, release Ipconfig /release of network Ip address first
At this moment the network can disconnect, did not allocate Ip address, because Ip address already was released,came out.
2, get Ip address afresh, ipconfig /renew,
At this moment the network can join afresh, but Ip address already with different before, reapportion arrived network of join of practicable Ip address.
These commands are what use at ordinary times is more, perfect example uses it, can solve the network problem in major weak report, network breakdown not ask for help.
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