The Summer Palace, period of Chinese quiet day is royal gardens, predecessor is clear ripples garden, be located in Beijing on the west outskirt, be apart from the city zone 15 kilometers, cover an area of about 290 hectare, with the circle bright garden borders. It is with Kunming lake, 10 thousand birthday hill is base location, it is chief source with Hangzhou west lake, gardens of a when devise technique and build of gardens of derive Changjiang Delta large landscape, also be to save center of drive of a the most complete royal make imperial palace for short stays away from the capital, be known as " royal gardens museum " . Qianlong 15 years (1750) , qianlong emperor is give presents 4.48 million two silver are employed to rebuild here after its mother Xiao Shenghuang garden of the ripples that it is Qing Dynasty. Xian Feng 10 years (1860) , clear ripples garden by burn down of flower law allied forces. Smooth mood 14 years (1888) rebuild, change weigh the Summer Palace. Smooth mood 26 years (1900) , the Summer Palace meets with again " the Eight Power Allied Force " foray one sky. Dominate in warlord battle royal and Kuomintang period, destroy again. Beijing northwest outskirt is original earthen jar hill, it is arteries and veins of Yan Shan beyond, there is a lake below hill, call hill of lake of 7 lis of Li, big berth, earthen jar berth, west lake. The first year of an era or the reign of an emperor of golden Chao Zhenyuan (1153) gold advocate Wan Yanliang sets golden hill make imperial palace for short stays away from the capital here. Yuan after Beijing of government choose a site for the capital, apply water to need for water transport of give financial help to, irrigation works learns fountainhead of upper reaches of open up of domestic Guo Shoujing, water of spring of god of village of float of the for no reason that bring prosperous and on the way in lake of running water infuse, make the flow of water increases, Ming Dynasty great treats 7 years (1494) , ming Xiaozong wet nurse aids holy madam collect family name builds round static temple before earthen jar hill, hind bedraggled. The gardens all round hill of after this earthen jar is added gradually much. Ming Wuzong builds make imperial palace for short stays away from the capital in lakeside, say " good hill garden " , for royalty gardens. Ming Wuzong, bright god ancestor ever went boating here You Le. When Ming Xi an administrative unit in Xizang, wei Zhongxian ever garden of will good hill glom on to. At the beginning of clear Chao Qianlong year, the gardens increase that outskirt Haidian brings Beijing on the west, many gardens makes with water water consumption grows day and day, gardens uses water at that time besides the water system of river of 10 thousand springs with lesser discharge, come from jade spring hill to originate more, the water that flows into a west lake, and this also is the source of water that Hui He connects since bright generation. Qianlong 15 years (1750) , esteem heart empress dowager to prepare (Xiao Shengxian empress) 60 old age, qianlong emperor in order to administer Beijing water system gives orders for cover on the west develop digs a west lake, hill of spring of intercept west hill, jade, Shou Anshan comes water, it is on the west of the west lake excavate Gao Shuihu and the lake that raise water, regard store water as the library with this 3 lakes, make sure palace gardens uses water, it is all round farm is offerred irrigate with water. The literary quotation that Qianlong emperor digs Kunming pool to hold Lian Shuijun with Chinese fierce emperor the west lake more the name is Kunming lake, the cubic meter of earth that dig a lake caboodle builds the earthen jar hill at Hubei, and earthen jar hill incognito for hill of 10 thousand birthday. Qianlong 29 years (1764) build Qing Yi garden, bad news is silver-colored 480 beyond. Inside clear ripples garden with myth of Chinese ancient time in " maritime hill of 3 celestial being " conception, reach in Kunming lake on the west 3 isles make inside the two lakes of side: South island of lake island, round city island, hall of alga ancient bronze mirror, in order to compare maritime 3 hill: A fabled abode of immortals, abbot, sea continent. The overall planning of clear ripples garden is chief source with Hangzhou west lake, at the same time extensive copy builds Changjiang Delta gardens and landscape scenic spot, like phoenix mound copy too building of Huang He of building of Yue Yang of lake, Jing Minglou copy, Wang Change copy, hind market of water of Suzhou of copy of market of brook lake business, on the west 24 bridges wait Yangzhou of copy of place business market a moment. Period of Summer Palace at the height of power and splendour, dimensions is baronial, cover an area of a face to accumulate 2.97 square kilometer (293 hectare) , basically mix by hill of 10 thousand birthday two parts comprise Kunming lake, among them surface is occupied 3/4 (about 220 hectare) . The building inside garden is a center with Buddha sweet cabinet, there is tourist attraction building in garden more than 100, size compound 20 more than place, 3555 ancient buildings, area 70000 much square metre, the building of the different form such as mutual booth, stage, building, cabinet, corridor, a pavilion or house on a terrace many 3000. Among them garden of interest of bridge of street of Buddha sweet cabinet, a covered corridor or walk, Shi Fang, Suzhou, seventeen aperture, humorous, large stage is representative building. The ancient wood that establish a name 1600 more than individual plant. After light-year of quiet government line, because national power is feeble, announce to remove 3 hill display, clear ripples garden gradually bedraggled. Xian Feng 10 years (1860) , clear ripples garden is destroyed by big baked wheaten cake of flower law allied forces. Smooth mood comes 10 years 21 years (came 1884 1895) , for Ci Xi too regressive house recuperates, with Guang Xudi name gives orders to rebuild clear ripples garden. Because funds is limited, the hill before centering financial capacity rehabilitate therefore is built group, be in Kunming lake all around add build enclosing wall, incognito Summer Palace, become from palace. Smooth mood 26 years (1900) the building inside garden and cultural relic are destroyed by the Eight Power Allied Force, smooth mood 28 years (1902) repair. The Summer Palace although the landscape that substantially restored clear ripples garden in the round, but drop somewhat on a lot of quality. A lot of high level buildings are forced to decrease as a result of the relation of funds short, measure also narrows somewhat. If a tower over a city gate of article prosperous cabinet is decreased from three-layer,be two, le Shoutang from Chan Yan of duouble-eaved roof instead, also have add tall building, be like big play building. Suzhou street also is done not have to restore again by burn down hind. Because Ci Xi favores Su Shicai to draw, the color picture of a lot of building booth corridor also turns into by picture of He Xi color Su Shicai is drawn, the former appearance of clear ripples garden was changed on detail. Announce all 3 years (1911) on December 25 Pu Yi give up the throne, the Summer Palace regards Pu Yi as private property, still manage by government office of clear indoor Wu. As a result of owe of royal funds year after year, quiet room financial resources is dried up with each passing day, for the finance of allowance gardens, the Republic of China 3 years (1914) on January 14, government office of quiet room internal affairs sees bill of carry out of Summer Palace instead. All of ministry of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, internal affairs, pace army got goverment office in feudal China and government office of quiet room internal affairs to decide in April: "Visit at opening in, the idea that contain puts raise the wind " , put forward " the constitution of run an enterprise of certificate is in carry out such as the Summer Palace " . The regulation begins to make work formally to the society from May 6 ticket.