Everybody is good, the problem that I should solve with psychology today is: How to think correctly independently. Want to solve this problem, I should tell a conte with everybody first:
1974, the psychological professor of Xi Bailai university blocked Naman and Tewosiji to do a test. Experimental requirement volunteer occupies the per cent of the chair to undertake estimating in U.N. place to African country.
Above all, they gave every groups of volunteers number of a percent randomly. Next, their one by one alludes a volunteer, bigger than actual number or this random number is smaller than really real word. Finally, requirement volunteer estimation gives an actual number.
Interesting is, the volunteer estimates the number that come out finally, got at the beginning the influence of random number. For instance, having the random number that two groups of volunteers get is 10 ％ are mixed respectively 65 ％ , and they reckon the number that come out parts to be mixed for 25 ％ finally 45 ％ -- the random number that is close to these two groups of volunteers to get at the beginning very much.
Two teach this test that do, it is for test and verify put forward before them " profound anchorage effect " . This theory thinks, people is done decision-making before, the place of the first information that thinking often can be gotten by oneself is controlled, the first information resembles sinking marine anchor is same, the thinking you secures someplace, produce the ill-natured understanding of first impressions are strongest thereby.
For example, the volunteer knows the number that gets at the beginning is random obviously, be without correlation with actual number, but, when estimating actual number, estimate oneself subliminally still to anchor is surely inside the certain limits of random number.
Call " heavy anchor " , because this anchor nods bury,be in at consciousness, a lot of people even consciousness is less than him already by embedded anchorage dot, think oneself are made through thinking independently decision-making, actually, oneself had been in imperceptible in by the information misdirect of all sorts of first impressions are strongest.
Have a very well-known story, those who say is to have a small store that sells sandwich, there are two shop assistants in inn, among them a salesman wants than the turnover of another salesman forever tall. Want to know, when buying quick meal, the client selects salesman randomly commonly, can choose that salesman with less number queueing up even. So, no matter have how many shop assistant, from theoretic say, their turnover should not have too big distinction.
This kind of phenomenon caused the boss' attention. Then, one day, he stands in the observation side bar designedly, discover next, every time when the client orders meal, among them a salesman can ask him: "Does need add an omelette? " the client has those who say to add, also have those who say to be not added, scale is basic it is 1 ∶ 1 run from opposite directions. And another salesman asks: "Excuse me, does need add an omelette or two omelette? " at that time, the client that has 70 ％ at least replies can subliminally " add " or " add two " , only the client of 30 ％ asks " do not add an egg " .
Naturally, tower above of a salesman is very much.
This is a model is right " profound anchorage effect " application. A salesman is in successfully after the client is made decision-making before bury issued " heavy anchor " -- he wants omelette, accordingly, the client's reflection limits was in surely by anchor " need a few eggs " above, only the small number of people can think of, he still has the 3rd kind of choice -- do not want an egg.
Of course, thinking anchor is psychological reaction of the person surely, wanting to overcome it thoroughly is by no means easy thing. When we are pondering over a problem, total meeting receives a large number of information not self-consciously, form type of some kind of thinking model thereby, and these information conduce to us thinking on one hand, become some very likely to plant on the other hand " heavy anchor " , anchorage instead the thinking that decided us.
So, how should avoid or to how should avoid or decrease " profound anchorage effect " ? Above all, you need to widen as far as possible eye shot, continuous study and practice, draw on the wisdom of the masses, great the proposal that listens to others and method, alleged " first impressions are strongest " , actually in the final analysis is reception information content too small.
The person's cerebra is very peculiar, the information that should handle is less, weaker to the resolution of information. Contrary, when handling huge information, cerebrum is met instead high speed runs, judging what information is valuable, what is insignificant " heavy anchor " .
For example, when seeing a certain person for the first time, the about this individual a few words that we hear before OK and complete oversight, the eye that uses oneself goes making judgement, also can pass gather a large number of information about this individual beforehand, the to this person judgement when be being used at assisting to meet. Also be same to the thing, encounter a thing, or is complete the information before oversight, analyse its essence to make a decision next on the spot, or with respect to draw on the wisdom of the masses, thorough and comprehensive ground thinks.
Altogether, avoid " heavy anchor " two important methods: It is all information before be being disregarded thoroughly, eliminate " heavy anchor " hidden trouble; 2 it is abundantly gathers information, analyse a problem in the round, make rational judgement finally, " heavy anchor " the influence falls lowest.
We tell here today, issue section class, all sorts of problems that in be continued to solve us to working and live for everybody with psychology by me, encounter.
