1, voltage breaker breakdown
Touch head overheat, can smell distribution control ark is sapid, passing an inspection is to move touch a head to was not inserted completely static touch a head, contact pressure is insufficient, bring about switch capacity to drop, cause the overheat that touch a head. Want to adjust manipulator compose right now, make move touch a head to be inserted completely static touch a head.
The Shan Hu when electrify explodes noisy, classics examination is laden and long-term overweight, touch a head to shake those who contact bad place to cause. Overhaul this breakdown to must notice safety, take strict precautions against the electric arc harm to person and equipment. The overhaul is over load and after touching a head, after it is normal to carry electrify for nothing first, ability takes laden examination to run a condition, till normal. This breakdown must notice to use implement defend the work of equipment daily, lest cause needless harm.
2, the breakdown of contactor
Contact is broken, because contact of some posture contact is bad or the bolt on wiring terminal becomes loose, make electromotor is short of move, right now although electromotor can be rotational, but give out buzz. Should jockey instantly the overhaul.
Contact fusion welding, receive " stop " pushbutton, electromotor turns ceaselessly, and give out buzz likely. Because overload electric current is big,this kind of breakdown is 2 photographs or three-phase contact and cause fusion welding appearance, answer to cut off the power instantly, contactor changes after the examination is laden.
Electrify armature is not sucked close. If do not have vibration and noise via checking electrify, explain edge of armature sports section has card to live, it is the breakdown that coil opens circuit only. Detachable next coil are circled afresh by raw data circle drying of lacquer of the dip after making.
3, hot relay breakdown
Component of mechanical equivalent of heat is burned, be like electromotor to cannot be started or start from time to tome buzz, the frit fracture of wire in the hot component that may be hot relay is burned. The behavioral frequency that the reason of this kind of breakdown is hot relay is too tall, or negative class side produces overload. After removing trouble, the readjust after changing to heat up relay, attention suitably makes calm cost.
Hot relay " by accident " movement. Reason of this kind of breakdown has the following kinds commonly: Rectify calm value to slant small, as a result not overload with respect to the movement; Electromotor starts time to grow too, make hot relay is starting the movement in the process; Operation frequency is exorbitant, make hot component often is pounded. Readjust makes calm cost or change suitable hot relay is solved.
Hot relay " not " movement. This kind of breakdown is electric current rectifies calm value to slant normally big, overload of as a result is very long still not movement, should move according to laden job electric current decide electric current full.
Hot relay uses with the passing of time, should fixed desired result its behavioral dependability. When hot relay the movement is taken off when buckling, should wait for bimetallic piece after refrigeration again restoration. Cannot pass forcibly by restoration pushbutton fierce, can damage otherwise manipulator compose.
The corrective maintenance of electric equipment of commonly used voltage reachs its essentials
The voltage electric equipment that every has contact action is main by contact system, electromagnetism system, destroy 3 parts form Gu unit. Also be the key in the overhaul.
1, the corrective maintenance of contact
The breakdown of contact has contact overheat, fusion welding to wait commonly. The main reason of contact overheat is contact pressure insufficient, surface oxidizes or not cleanness and capacity are insufficient; The main reason of contact fusion welding is contact produces bigger electric arc when close, reach contact serious jumpy be caused by.
Circumstance of oxidation of examination contact surface and have without bilge. Contact has dirt, already cleaned clean with benzine.
The oxidation layer of silver-colored contact has good electric performance not only, and in use still is met reductive into metallic silver, can not make so repair.
If cupreous qualitative contact has oxidation layer, file of usable glossy file is made the same score or use a scalpel gently raze the oxidation layer of its surface.
Observation contact surface has without burnable singeing, cupreous contact singeing can use glossy file or the penknife rebuilds wool. Rebuild contact surface need not slip prismatically too, do not allow to rebuild with emery cloth, lest rudimental arenaceous bead is embedded when contact closes,the contact is caused on contact undesirable. But silver-colored contact singeing but need not rebuild.
If contact has fusion welding, should change contact. Because contact capacity is insufficient,be like and cause, the Ying Xuanrong when changing is measured big the electric equipment of one class.
Examination contact has without become loose, if have,should try to tighten solid, in case contact is jumpy. Examination contact has inorganic instrument injury to make bedspring is out of shape, create contact pressure insufficient. If have, should adjust pressure, make contact contact good. The experience measurement technique of contact pressure is as follows: First the measurement of pressure, mix in bracket move 0.1mm of treaty of a piece of paper is placed between contact its width is some wider than touching a head, scrip falls in bedspring action by impaction, pull scrip with skill at this moment. Can pull when scrip and when strong sense, can think pressure is compared first appropriate. Eventually the measurement of pressure, scrip clip is being moved, between fixed contact, suck in electric equipment electrify when contact after closing, pull scrip with same method. Can be pulled when scrip, can think eventually pressure is more appropriate. To the electric equipment of high capacity, if 100A above should use scrip of likewise square farad, pull when scrip tear off a phenomenon to be able to think from time to tome first, eventually pressure is more appropriate.
The measurement of above contact pressure just is repairing the effect in the experiment for many times pretty good. Can on the rails, when if measure pressure,the value cannot restore through adjusting bedspring, must change bedspring or contact.
2, the corrective maintenance of electromagnetism system
Because move, the end panel of static core is contacted undesirable or core attaint of annulus of askew, short circuit, voltage is too low, can make armature noise big, even coil overheat or burn down.
(1) armature noise is big. When repairing, should tear open next coil, the interface between examination, static core whether level off, be in without smeary. If rough whole file is made the same score or should grind smooth; If have smeary should undertake cleaning with benzine.
If use core askew or become loose, should try to originally corrective or closely.
Annulus of examination short circuit has without rupture, if rupture,should have made with copperplate by original measure change stop, or beat blister copper silk set prescription sectional, do good mount by original measure.
(2) the armature after electromagnetism coil cuts off the power is not released instantly. The main reason that produces this kind of breakdown has: Athletic section is stayed in by card;
Size of core air gap, remanence is too big; Bedspring fatigue deformability, bounce has with core interface not quite smeary. Can pass after disassembling, rebuild, make stay between end panel of core center pillar and bottom end panel have 0.02, the air gap of 0.03mm, or change bedspring.
(3) coil corrective maintenance. The primary failure of coil is the electricity that carries as a result of place too big, burn down of coil overheat as a result.
Because voltage of coil insulation attaint, power source is too low,this kind of breakdown is normally, move, static core contact is not close together, also can make coil electric current too big, burn down of coil overheat as a result.
Coil if because of short circuit burn down, all answer when rewind can measure from inside burned-out coil wire wire means and v/LIT all over the ground number. Also can mix from the line means of coil of the fish on nameplate or manual v/LIT all over the ground number. Press core center pillar sectional model of the line that make, after coil has been circled, put in first 105 -- 110 ℃
in oven 3 hours, refrigeration comes 60-70 ℃ dip 1010 bitumen lacquer, also can use other insulating varnish. Drop after using up more than lacquer, be in temperature 110 -- the drying in the oven of 120 ℃ , refrigeration can be used to normal temperature hind.
If the v/LIT all over the ground number of coil short circuit is not much. Short circuit dot is approaching the point using a head of coil again, others is in good condition, should namely dump, lest coil by burn down.
If oscillatory and mechanical noise is not had after coil electrify, should check coil derivative line joint is not had again fall off, whether does examination coil break line or burn down with avometer; If electrify hind has vibration and noise, should check mobile part to whether be blocked, static, move whether to have between core guide content, whether does power source voltage pass low. Want distinction to treat, handle in time.
3, the overhaul of device of put out a fire
Get off destroy arc is overspread, the examination destroys arc Shan piece delicate last stage of the smoke mark of integrality and cleared surface and metal, crust should complete nondestructive.
Destroy if have broken crack,arc is overspread, answer to change in time. Special specification contained the electric equipment that destroys arc is overspread to allow to be not being taken anything but so when destroying arc is overspread, use phoenix prevent short circuit.
Commonly used and low-pressure electric equipment is a lot of more phyletic, above is a few kinds have a few methods that representative is the most commonly used electric breakdown and its essentials, comprehend by analogy, have particular general character to the overhaul of other electric equipment.
The reason of single-phase moving generation reachs electromotor precautionary measures
Fusing of １ , fuse
⑴ breakdown fusing: As a result of,basically be electric machinery advocate loop sheet connecting ground or alternate with short circuit and cause fuse fusing.
Precautionary measures: The electromotor that chooses to get used to surroundings condition and the low-pressure electric equipment that install correctly reach line, want to try to check regularly, strengthen job of daily care and maintenance, eliminate all sorts of hidden danger in time.
⑵ is not breakdown sex fusing: Basically be fuse-element capacity the choice is undeserved, the capacity slants small, when the electromotor that start, suffer the concussion of the electric current that start, fuse produces fusing.
Fusing of sex of fuse blame breakdown can avoid, think not one-sidedly to be below the condition that can escape the starting electric current of electric machinery, the capacity of fuse-element chooses as far as possible a few smaller, such ability protect electric machinery quite. We should be made clear that was fuse the single-phase ground connection that can protect electromotor only and accident of alternate with short circuit, it cannot serve as electromotor absolutely cross bear protection.
2, the capacity that chooses fuse-element correctly
The formula of choice of rated electric current is general fuse-element:
The rated electric current of electromotor of × of K of ＝ of rated electric current
The fuse with ⑴ heat-resisting larger size (have packing type) K value can choose 1.5 ～ 2.5.
The fuse K value with ⑵ heat-resisting lesser capacity can choose 4 ～ 6.
The negative charge that takes to electromotor place is different, K value also differs accordingly, if electromotor drives fan directly, so K value can choose a few bigger, if the negative charge of electromotor is not big, k value can choose a few smaller, particular case inspects the negative charge that electric machinery place takes to decide.
In addition, the fuse-element of fuse and frit between indispensible contact is good, can cause osculatory place to give out heat otherwise, outside making fuse-element suffers, be heated up and cause fusing of blame breakdown sex.
In the process that installs motor, should use proper wiring way and correct maintenance method.
⑴ uses cupreous aluminium to transfer as far as possible to copper, aluminous join contact, if do not have cupreous aluminous connect, can go out in cupreous connect hang stannum to have link.
The insertion with bigger to the capacity ⑵ type fuse, can add mat thin sheet copper in wiring place (0.2mm) , such effect will be betterer.
⑶ examination, adjust fuse-element and frit the osculatory pressure between.
Avoid to injure frit silk when ⑷ wiring, close solid wants moderate, wiring place should add mat bedspring gasket.
Advocate loop respect is easy the activity of occurrence breakdown ⑴ contactor touchs a contact undesirable.
Its are main the reason is: Contactor choice is undeserved, those who touch a head destroy arc capacity is small, makes activity touchs a head to be stuck together, three-phase touchs head start different situation, cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: The choice compares suitable contactor.
⑵ use environment is like damp, badly oscillatory, mordant gas and medicinal powder hot condition difference, cause the attaint that touch a head or wiring oxidation, the contact is undesirable and cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: The choice satisfies the electric component that the environment asks, preventive measure good is become, improve surroundings compulsively, change regularly yuan of parts of an apparatus.
⑶ casual inspection, contactor touchs a head to wear away serious, the surface is scraggly, make contact pressure to be not worth and cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: According to actual condition, decide reasonable examination safeguards cycle, undertake fathering fine serious maintenance works.
⑷ hot relay chooses undeserved, the bimetallic that makes heat up relay piece burn, cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: Choose appropriate hot relay, had avoided bear appearance as far as possible.
⑸ installation is improper, cause lead to break a string or break.
Precautionary measures: In the construction process of lead and cable, should carry out strictly " standard " severe fine serious, civilized construction.
Off quality of element of ⑹ electric equipment, the capacity with capacity nominal short of, cause contact attaint, stick dead wait for abnormal phenomenon.
Precautionary measures: Choose yuan of suitable parts of an apparatus, serious examination should have before installation.
Quality of ⑺ electromotor itself is bad, coil winding solders undesirable or sealing off; Down-lead and coil contact are undesirable.
Precautionary measures: Choose the electromotor with better quality.
Single-phase analyse and safeguard what move
According to electromotor wiring means different, below different load, happen single-phase the electricity that run is different also, accordingly, adopted protective kind is different also.
For example: The electromotor of Y wiring happens single-phase when moving, phase current of its electric machinery is equal to line electric current, its size and the load that electromotor place takes are concerned.
When the electromotor interior of △ wiring breaks a string, electromotor becomes ∨ wiring, phase current and line electric current all grow into scale with electromotor load, below load of rated electric current, two-phase phase current should increase 1.5 times, electric current of one look line increases 1.5 times, electric current of other two-phase line increases √ 3 ／ 2 times. The electromotor when △ wiring is exterior when breaking a string, after right now electromotor two-phase winding establishs ties receive with paralell connection of the 3rd group of winding between two-phase voltage, line electric current is equal to the sum of road electric current of winding paralell connection, grow into scale with electromotor bear, below rated load circumstance, line electric current increases 3 ／ 2 times, string together received two winding electricity changeless, additionally one phase current will increase １ ／ 2 times.
In carry a circumstance gently to fall, light electric current increases line electric current to rated electric current, receive two-phase winding electric current to keep light carry electricity changeless, three-phase electric current increases about 1.2 times the left and right sides.
So the electromotor of horn wiring is in single-phase when moving, its line electric current and phase current not only those who follow line point is different produce change, and still change according to laden and different happening.
The place on put together is narrated, cause electromotor single-phase a few kinds of the following reasons cause the reason no more than that move:
１ , environment abominable or some kind of reason causes one bearing power supply to break.
2, fusing of insurance blame normality.
3, the equipment that start and lead, burn that touch a head or attaint, become loose, the contact is undesirable, the choice is undeserved etc cause power source to break one photograph.
4, electromotor stator winding opens circuit.
5, breakdown of itself of new electric machinery.
6, breakdown of itself of the equipment that start. 1, voltage breaker breakdown
Touch head overheat, can smell distribution control ark is sapid, passing an inspection is to move touch a head to was not inserted completely static touch a head, contact pressure is insufficient, bring about switch capacity to drop, cause the overheat that touch a head. Want to adjust manipulator compose right now, make move touch a head to be inserted completely static touch a head.
The Shan Hu when electrify explodes noisy, classics examination is laden and long-term overweight, touch a head to shake those who contact bad place to cause. Overhaul this breakdown to must notice safety, take strict precautions against the electric arc harm to person and equipment. The overhaul is over load and after touching a head, after it is normal to carry electrify for nothing first, ability takes laden examination to run a condition, till normal. This breakdown must notice to use implement defend the work of equipment daily, lest cause needless harm.
2, the breakdown of contactor
Contact is broken, because contact of some posture contact is bad or the bolt on wiring terminal becomes loose, make electromotor is short of move, right now although electromotor can be rotational, but give out buzz. Should jockey instantly the overhaul.
Contact fusion welding, receive " stop " pushbutton, electromotor turns ceaselessly, and give out buzz likely. Because overload electric current is big,this kind of breakdown is 2 photographs or three-phase contact and cause fusion welding appearance, answer to cut off the power instantly, contactor changes after the examination is laden.
Electrify armature is not sucked close. If do not have vibration and noise via checking electrify, explain edge of armature sports section has card to live, it is the breakdown that coil opens circuit only. Detachable next coil are circled afresh by raw data circle drying of lacquer of the dip after making.
3, hot relay breakdown
Component of mechanical equivalent of heat is burned, be like electromotor to cannot be started or start from time to tome buzz, the frit fracture of wire in the hot component that may be hot relay is burned. The behavioral frequency that the reason of this kind of breakdown is hot relay is too tall, or negative class side produces overload. After removing trouble, the readjust after changing to heat up relay, attention suitably makes calm cost.
Hot relay " by accident " movement. Reason of this kind of breakdown has the following kinds commonly: Rectify calm value to slant small, as a result not overload with respect to the movement; Electromotor starts time to grow too, make hot relay is starting the movement in the process; Operation frequency is exorbitant, make hot component often is pounded. Readjust makes calm cost or change suitable hot relay is solved.
Hot relay " not " movement. This kind of breakdown is electric current rectifies calm value to slant normally big, overload of as a result is very long still not movement, should move according to laden job electric current decide electric current full.
Hot relay uses with the passing of time, should fixed desired result its behavioral dependability. When hot relay the movement is taken off when buckling, should wait for bimetallic piece after refrigeration again restoration. Cannot pass forcibly by restoration pushbutton fierce, can damage otherwise manipulator compose.
The corrective maintenance of electric equipment of commonly used voltage reachs its essentials
The voltage electric equipment that every has contact action is main by contact system, electromagnetism system, destroy 3 parts form Gu unit. Also be the key in the overhaul.
1, the corrective maintenance of contact
The breakdown of contact has contact overheat, fusion welding to wait commonly. The main reason of contact overheat is contact pressure insufficient, surface oxidizes or not cleanness and capacity are insufficient; The main reason of contact fusion welding is contact produces bigger electric arc when close, reach contact serious jumpy be caused by.
Circumstance of oxidation of examination contact surface and have without bilge. Contact has dirt, already cleaned clean with benzine.
The oxidation layer of silver-colored contact has good electric performance not only, and in use still is met reductive into metallic silver, can not make so repair.
If cupreous qualitative contact has oxidation layer, file of usable glossy file is made the same score or use a scalpel gently raze the oxidation layer of its surface.
Observation contact surface has without burnable singeing, cupreous contact singeing can use glossy file or the penknife rebuilds wool. Rebuild contact surface need not slip prismatically too, do not allow to rebuild with emery cloth, lest rudimental arenaceous bead is embedded when contact closes,the contact is caused on contact undesirable. But silver-colored contact singeing but need not rebuild.
If contact has fusion welding, should change contact. Because contact capacity is insufficient,be like and cause, the Ying Xuanrong when changing is measured big the electric equipment of one class.
Examination contact has without become loose, if have,should try to tighten solid, in case contact is jumpy. Examination contact has inorganic instrument injury to make bedspring is out of shape, create contact pressure insufficient. If have, should adjust pressure, make contact contact good. The experience measurement technique of contact pressure is as follows: First the measurement of pressure, mix in bracket move 0.1mm of treaty of a piece of paper is placed between contact its width is some wider than touching a head, scrip falls in bedspring action by impaction, pull scrip with skill at this moment. Can pull when scrip and when strong sense, can think pressure is compared first appropriate. Eventually the measurement of pressure, scrip clip is being moved, between fixed contact, suck in electric equipment electrify when contact after closing, pull scrip with same method. Can be pulled when scrip, can think eventually pressure is more appropriate. To the electric equipment of high capacity, if 100A above should use scrip of likewise square farad, pull when scrip tear off a phenomenon to be able to think from time to tome first, eventually pressure is more appropriate.
The measurement of above contact pressure just is repairing the effect in the experiment for many times pretty good. Can on the rails, when if measure pressure,the value cannot restore through adjusting bedspring, must change bedspring or contact.
2, the corrective maintenance of electromagnetism system
Because move, the end panel of static core is contacted undesirable or core attaint of annulus of askew, short circuit, voltage is too low, can make armature noise big, even coil overheat or burn down.
(1) armature noise is big. When repairing, should tear open next coil, the interface between examination, static core whether level off, be in without smeary. If rough whole file is made the same score or should grind smooth; If have smeary should undertake cleaning with benzine.
If use core askew or become loose, should try to originally corrective or closely.
Annulus of examination short circuit has without rupture, if rupture,should have made with copperplate by original measure change stop, or beat blister copper silk set prescription sectional, do good mount by original measure.
(2) the armature after electromagnetism coil cuts off the power is not released instantly. The main reason that produces this kind of breakdown has: Athletic section is stayed in by card;
Size of core air gap, remanence is too big; Bedspring fatigue deformability, bounce has with core interface not quite smeary. Can pass after disassembling, rebuild, make stay between end panel of core center pillar and bottom end panel have 0.02, the air gap of 0.03mm, or change bedspring.
(3) coil corrective maintenance. The primary failure of coil is the electricity that carries as a result of place too big, burn down of coil overheat as a result.
Because voltage of coil insulation attaint, power source is too low,this kind of breakdown is normally, move, static core contact is not close together, also can make coil electric current too big, burn down of coil overheat as a result.
Coil if because of short circuit burn down, all answer when rewind can measure from inside burned-out coil wire wire means and v/LIT all over the ground number. Also can mix from the line means of coil of the fish on nameplate or manual v/LIT all over the ground number. Press core center pillar sectional model of the line that make, after coil has been circled, put in first 105 -- 110 ℃
in oven 3 hours, refrigeration comes 60-70 ℃ dip 1010 bitumen lacquer, also can use other insulating varnish. Drop after using up more than lacquer, be in temperature 110 -- the drying in the oven of 120 ℃ , refrigeration can be used to normal temperature hind.
If the v/LIT all over the ground number of coil short circuit is not much. Short circuit dot is approaching the point using a head of coil again, others is in good condition, should namely dump, lest coil by burn down.
If oscillatory and mechanical noise is not had after coil electrify, should check coil derivative line joint is not had again fall off, whether does examination coil break line or burn down with avometer; If electrify hind has vibration and noise, should check mobile part to whether be blocked, static, move whether to have between core guide content, whether does power source voltage pass low. Want distinction to treat, handle in time.
3, the overhaul of device of put out a fire
Get off destroy arc is overspread, the examination destroys arc Shan piece delicate last stage of the smoke mark of integrality and cleared surface and metal, crust should complete nondestructive.
Destroy if have broken crack,arc is overspread, answer to change in time. Special specification contained the electric equipment that destroys arc is overspread to allow to be not being taken anything but so when destroying arc is overspread, use phoenix prevent short circuit.
Commonly used and low-pressure electric equipment is a lot of more phyletic, above is a few kinds have a few methods that representative is the most commonly used electric breakdown and its essentials, comprehend by analogy, have particular general character to the overhaul of other electric equipment.
The reason of single-phase moving generation reachs electromotor precautionary measures
Fusing of １ , fuse
⑴ breakdown fusing: As a result of,basically be electric machinery advocate loop sheet connecting ground or alternate with short circuit and cause fuse fusing.
Precautionary measures: The electromotor that chooses to get used to surroundings condition and the low-pressure electric equipment that install correctly reach line, want to try to check regularly, strengthen job of daily care and maintenance, eliminate all sorts of hidden danger in time.
⑵ is not breakdown sex fusing: Basically be fuse-element capacity the choice is undeserved, the capacity slants small, when the electromotor that start, suffer the concussion of the electric current that start, fuse produces fusing.
Fusing of sex of fuse blame breakdown can avoid, think not one-sidedly to be below the condition that can escape the starting electric current of electric machinery, the capacity of fuse-element chooses as far as possible a few smaller, such ability protect electric machinery quite. We should be made clear that was fuse the single-phase ground connection that can protect electromotor only and accident of alternate with short circuit, it cannot serve as electromotor absolutely cross bear protection.
2, the capacity that chooses fuse-element correctly
The formula of choice of rated electric current is general fuse-element:
The rated electric current of electromotor of × of K of ＝ of rated electric current
The fuse with ⑴ heat-resisting larger size (have packing type) K value can choose 1.5 ～ 2.5.
The fuse K value with ⑵ heat-resisting lesser capacity can choose 4 ～ 6.
The negative charge that takes to electromotor place is different, K value also differs accordingly, if electromotor drives fan directly, so K value can choose a few bigger, if the negative charge of electromotor is not big, k value can choose a few smaller, particular case inspects the negative charge that electric machinery place takes to decide.
In addition, the fuse-element of fuse and frit between indispensible contact is good, can cause osculatory place to give out heat otherwise, outside making fuse-element suffers, be heated up and cause fusing of blame breakdown sex.
In the process that installs motor, should use proper wiring way and correct maintenance method.
⑴ uses cupreous aluminium to transfer as far as possible to copper, aluminous join contact, if do not have cupreous aluminous connect, can go out in cupreous connect hang stannum to have link.
The insertion with bigger to the capacity ⑵ type fuse, can add mat thin sheet copper in wiring place (0.2mm) , such effect will be betterer.
⑶ examination, adjust fuse-element and frit the osculatory pressure between.
Avoid to injure frit silk when ⑷ wiring, close solid wants moderate, wiring place should add mat bedspring gasket.
Advocate loop respect is easy the activity of occurrence breakdown ⑴ contactor touchs a contact undesirable.
Its are main the reason is: Contactor choice is undeserved, those who touch a head destroy arc capacity is small, makes activity touchs a head to be stuck together, three-phase touchs head start different situation, cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: The choice compares suitable contactor.
⑵ use environment is like damp, badly oscillatory, mordant gas and medicinal powder hot condition difference, cause the attaint that touch a head or wiring oxidation, the contact is undesirable and cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: The choice satisfies the electric component that the environment asks, preventive measure good is become, improve surroundings compulsively, change regularly yuan of parts of an apparatus.
⑶ casual inspection, contactor touchs a head to wear away serious, the surface is scraggly, make contact pressure to be not worth and cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: According to actual condition, decide reasonable examination safeguards cycle, undertake fathering fine serious maintenance works.
⑷ hot relay chooses undeserved, the bimetallic that makes heat up relay piece burn, cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: Choose appropriate hot relay, had avoided bear appearance as far as possible.
⑸ installation is improper, cause lead to break a string or break.
Precautionary measures: In the construction process of lead and cable, should carry out strictly " standard " severe fine serious, civilized construction.
Off quality of element of ⑹ electric equipment, the capacity with capacity nominal short of, cause contact attaint, stick dead wait for abnormal phenomenon.
Precautionary measures: Choose yuan of suitable parts of an apparatus, serious examination should have before installation.
Quality of ⑺ electromotor itself is bad, coil winding solders undesirable or sealing off; Down-lead and coil contact are undesirable.
Precautionary measures: Choose the electromotor with better quality.
Single-phase analyse and safeguard what move
According to electromotor wiring means different, below different load, happen single-phase the electricity that run is different also, accordingly, adopted protective kind is different also.
For example: The electromotor of Y wiring happens single-phase when moving, phase current of its electric machinery is equal to line electric current, its size and the load that electromotor place takes are concerned.
When the electromotor interior of △ wiring breaks a string, electromotor becomes ∨ wiring, phase current and line electric current all grow into scale with electromotor load, below load of rated electric current, two-phase phase current should increase 1.5 times, electric current of one look line increases 1.5 times, electric current of other two-phase line increases √ 3 ／ 2 times. The electromotor when △ wiring is exterior when breaking a string, after right now electromotor two-phase winding establishs ties receive with paralell connection of the 3rd group of winding between two-phase voltage, line electric current is equal to the sum of road electric current of winding paralell connection, grow into scale with electromotor bear, below rated load circumstance, line electric current increases 3 ／ 2 times, string together received two winding electricity changeless, additionally one phase current will increase １ ／ 2 times.
In carry a circumstance gently to fall, light electric current increases line electric current to rated electric current, receive two-phase winding electric current to keep light carry electricity changeless, three-phase electric current increases about 1.2 times the left and right sides.
So the electromotor of horn wiring is in single-phase when moving, its line electric current and phase current not only those who follow line point is different produce change, and still change according to laden and different happening.
The place on put together is narrated, cause electromotor single-phase a few kinds of the following reasons cause the reason no more than that move:
１ , environment abominable or some kind of reason causes one bearing power supply to break.
2, fusing of insurance blame normality.
3, the equipment that start and lead, burn that touch a head or attaint, become loose, the contact is undesirable, the choice is undeserved etc cause power source to break one photograph.
4, electromotor stator winding opens circuit.
5, breakdown of itself of new electric machinery.
6, breakdown of itself of the equipment that start. 1, voltage breaker breakdown
Touch head overheat, can smell distribution control ark is sapid, passing an inspection is to move touch a head to was not inserted completely static touch a head, contact pressure is insufficient, bring about switch capacity to drop, cause the overheat that touch a head. Want to adjust manipulator compose right now, make move touch a head to be inserted completely static touch a head.
The Shan Hu when electrify explodes noisy, classics examination is laden and long-term overweight, touch a head to shake those who contact bad place to cause. Overhaul this breakdown to must notice safety, take strict precautions against the electric arc harm to person and equipment. The overhaul is over load and after touching a head, after it is normal to carry electrify for nothing first, ability takes laden examination to run a condition, till normal. This breakdown must notice to use implement defend the work of equipment daily, lest cause needless harm.
2, the breakdown of contactor
Contact is broken, because contact of some posture contact is bad or the bolt on wiring terminal becomes loose, make electromotor is short of move, right now although electromotor can be rotational, but give out buzz. Should jockey instantly the overhaul.
Contact fusion welding, receive " stop " pushbutton, electromotor turns ceaselessly, and give out buzz likely. Because overload electric current is big,this kind of breakdown is 2 photographs or three-phase contact and cause fusion welding appearance, answer to cut off the power instantly, contactor changes after the examination is laden.
Electrify armature is not sucked close. If do not have vibration and noise via checking electrify, explain edge of armature sports section has card to live, it is the breakdown that coil opens circuit only. Detachable next coil are circled afresh by raw data circle drying of lacquer of the dip after making.
3, hot relay breakdown
Component of mechanical equivalent of heat is burned, be like electromotor to cannot be started or start from time to tome buzz, the frit fracture of wire in the hot component that may be hot relay is burned. The behavioral frequency that the reason of this kind of breakdown is hot relay is too tall, or negative class side produces overload. After removing trouble, the readjust after changing to heat up relay, attention suitably makes calm cost.
Hot relay " by accident " movement. Reason of this kind of breakdown has the following kinds commonly: Rectify calm value to slant small, as a result not overload with respect to the movement; Electromotor starts time to grow too, make hot relay is starting the movement in the process; Operation frequency is exorbitant, make hot component often is pounded. Readjust makes calm cost or change suitable hot relay is solved.
Hot relay " not " movement. This kind of breakdown is electric current rectifies calm value to slant normally big, overload of as a result is very long still not movement, should move according to laden job electric current decide electric current full.
Hot relay uses with the passing of time, should fixed desired result its behavioral dependability. When hot relay the movement is taken off when buckling, should wait for bimetallic piece after refrigeration again restoration. Cannot pass forcibly by restoration pushbutton fierce, can damage otherwise manipulator compose.
The corrective maintenance of electric equipment of commonly used voltage reachs its essentials
The voltage electric equipment that every has contact action is main by contact system, electromagnetism system, destroy 3 parts form Gu unit. Also be the key in the overhaul.
1, the corrective maintenance of contact
The breakdown of contact has contact overheat, fusion welding to wait commonly. The main reason of contact overheat is contact pressure insufficient, surface oxidizes or not cleanness and capacity are insufficient; The main reason of contact fusion welding is contact produces bigger electric arc when close, reach contact serious jumpy be caused by.
Circumstance of oxidation of examination contact surface and have without bilge. Contact has dirt, already cleaned clean with benzine.
The oxidation layer of silver-colored contact has good electric performance not only, and in use still is met reductive into metallic silver, can not make so repair.
If cupreous qualitative contact has oxidation layer, file of usable glossy file is made the same score or use a scalpel gently raze the oxidation layer of its surface.
Observation contact surface has without burnable singeing, cupreous contact singeing can use glossy file or the penknife rebuilds wool. Rebuild contact surface need not slip prismatically too, do not allow to rebuild with emery cloth, lest rudimental arenaceous bead is embedded when contact closes,the contact is caused on contact undesirable. But silver-colored contact singeing but need not rebuild.
If contact has fusion welding, should change contact. Because contact capacity is insufficient,be like and cause, the Ying Xuanrong when changing is measured big the electric equipment of one class.
Examination contact has without become loose, if have,should try to tighten solid, in case contact is jumpy. Examination contact has inorganic instrument injury to make bedspring is out of shape, create contact pressure insufficient. If have, should adjust pressure, make contact contact good. The experience measurement technique of contact pressure is as follows: First the measurement of pressure, mix in bracket move 0.1mm of treaty of a piece of paper is placed between contact its width is some wider than touching a head, scrip falls in bedspring action by impaction, pull scrip with skill at this moment. Can pull when scrip and when strong sense, can think pressure is compared first appropriate. Eventually the measurement of pressure, scrip clip is being moved, between fixed contact, suck in electric equipment electrify when contact after closing, pull scrip with same method. Can be pulled when scrip, can think eventually pressure is more appropriate. To the electric equipment of high capacity, if 100A above should use scrip of likewise square farad, pull when scrip tear off a phenomenon to be able to think from time to tome first, eventually pressure is more appropriate.
The measurement of above contact pressure just is repairing the effect in the experiment for many times pretty good. Can on the rails, when if measure pressure,the value cannot restore through adjusting bedspring, must change bedspring or contact.
2, the corrective maintenance of electromagnetism system
Because move, the end panel of static core is contacted undesirable or core attaint of annulus of askew, short circuit, voltage is too low, can make armature noise big, even coil overheat or burn down.
(1) armature noise is big. When repairing, should tear open next coil, the interface between examination, static core whether level off, be in without smeary. If rough whole file is made the same score or should grind smooth; If have smeary should undertake cleaning with benzine.
If use core askew or become loose, should try to originally corrective or closely.
Annulus of examination short circuit has without rupture, if rupture,should have made with copperplate by original measure change stop, or beat blister copper silk set prescription sectional, do good mount by original measure.
(2) the armature after electromagnetism coil cuts off the power is not released instantly. The main reason that produces this kind of breakdown has: Athletic section is stayed in by card;
Size of core air gap, remanence is too big; Bedspring fatigue deformability, bounce has with core interface not quite smeary. Can pass after disassembling, rebuild, make stay between end panel of core center pillar and bottom end panel have 0.02, the air gap of 0.03mm, or change bedspring.
(3) coil corrective maintenance. The primary failure of coil is the electricity that carries as a result of place too big, burn down of coil overheat as a result.
Because voltage of coil insulation attaint, power source is too low,this kind of breakdown is normally, move, static core contact is not close together, also can make coil electric current too big, burn down of coil overheat as a result.
Coil if because of short circuit burn down, all answer when rewind can measure from inside burned-out coil wire wire means and v/LIT all over the ground number. Also can mix from the line means of coil of the fish on nameplate or manual v/LIT all over the ground number. Press core center pillar sectional model of the line that make, after coil has been circled, put in first 105 -- 110 ℃
in oven 3 hours, refrigeration comes 60-70 ℃ dip 1010 bitumen lacquer, also can use other insulating varnish. Drop after using up more than lacquer, be in temperature 110 -- the drying in the oven of 120 ℃ , refrigeration can be used to normal temperature hind.
If the v/LIT all over the ground number of coil short circuit is not much. Short circuit dot is approaching the point using a head of coil again, others is in good condition, should namely dump, lest coil by burn down.
If oscillatory and mechanical noise is not had after coil electrify, should check coil derivative line joint is not had again fall off, whether does examination coil break line or burn down with avometer; If electrify hind has vibration and noise, should check mobile part to whether be blocked, static, move whether to have between core guide content, whether does power source voltage pass low. Want distinction to treat, handle in time.
3, the overhaul of device of put out a fire
Get off destroy arc is overspread, the examination destroys arc Shan piece delicate last stage of the smoke mark of integrality and cleared surface and metal, crust should complete nondestructive.
Destroy if have broken crack,arc is overspread, answer to change in time. Special specification contained the electric equipment that destroys arc is overspread to allow to be not being taken anything but so when destroying arc is overspread, use phoenix prevent short circuit.
Commonly used and low-pressure electric equipment is a lot of more phyletic, above is a few kinds have a few methods that representative is the most commonly used electric breakdown and its essentials, comprehend by analogy, have particular general character to the overhaul of other electric equipment.
The reason of single-phase moving generation reachs electromotor precautionary measures
Fusing of １ , fuse
⑴ breakdown fusing: As a result of,basically be electric machinery advocate loop sheet connecting ground or alternate with short circuit and cause fuse fusing.
Precautionary measures: The electromotor that chooses to get used to surroundings condition and the low-pressure electric equipment that install correctly reach line, want to try to check regularly, strengthen job of daily care and maintenance, eliminate all sorts of hidden danger in time.
⑵ is not breakdown sex fusing: Basically be fuse-element capacity the choice is undeserved, the capacity slants small, when the electromotor that start, suffer the concussion of the electric current that start, fuse produces fusing.
Fusing of sex of fuse blame breakdown can avoid, think not one-sidedly to be below the condition that can escape the starting electric current of electric machinery, the capacity of fuse-element chooses as far as possible a few smaller, such ability protect electric machinery quite. We should be made clear that was fuse the single-phase ground connection that can protect electromotor only and accident of alternate with short circuit, it cannot serve as electromotor absolutely cross bear protection.
2, the capacity that chooses fuse-element correctly
The formula of choice of rated electric current is general fuse-element:
The rated electric current of electromotor of × of K of ＝ of rated electric current
The fuse with ⑴ heat-resisting larger size (have packing type) K value can choose 1.5 ～ 2.5.
The fuse K value with ⑵ heat-resisting lesser capacity can choose 4 ～ 6.
The negative charge that takes to electromotor place is different, K value also differs accordingly, if electromotor drives fan directly, so K value can choose a few bigger, if the negative charge of electromotor is not big, k value can choose a few smaller, particular case inspects the negative charge that electric machinery place takes to decide.
In addition, the fuse-element of fuse and frit between indispensible contact is good, can cause osculatory place to give out heat otherwise, outside making fuse-element suffers, be heated up and cause fusing of blame breakdown sex.
In the process that installs motor, should use proper wiring way and correct maintenance method.
⑴ uses cupreous aluminium to transfer as far as possible to copper, aluminous join contact, if do not have cupreous aluminous connect, can go out in cupreous connect hang stannum to have link.
The insertion with bigger to the capacity ⑵ type fuse, can add mat thin sheet copper in wiring place (0.2mm) , such effect will be betterer.
⑶ examination, adjust fuse-element and frit the osculatory pressure between.
Avoid to injure frit silk when ⑷ wiring, close solid wants moderate, wiring place should add mat bedspring gasket.
Advocate loop respect is easy the activity of occurrence breakdown ⑴ contactor touchs a contact undesirable.
Its are main the reason is: Contactor choice is undeserved, those who touch a head destroy arc capacity is small, makes activity touchs a head to be stuck together, three-phase touchs head start different situation, cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: The choice compares suitable contactor.
⑵ use environment is like damp, badly oscillatory, mordant gas and medicinal powder hot condition difference, cause the attaint that touch a head or wiring oxidation, the contact is undesirable and cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: The choice satisfies the electric component that the environment asks, preventive measure good is become, improve surroundings compulsively, change regularly yuan of parts of an apparatus.
⑶ casual inspection, contactor touchs a head to wear away serious, the surface is scraggly, make contact pressure to be not worth and cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: According to actual condition, decide reasonable examination safeguards cycle, undertake fathering fine serious maintenance works.
⑷ hot relay chooses undeserved, the bimetallic that makes heat up relay piece burn, cause be short of move.
Precautionary measures: Choose appropriate hot relay, had avoided bear appearance as far as possible.
⑸ installation is improper, cause lead to break a string or break.
Precautionary measures: In the construction process of lead and cable, should carry out strictly " standard " severe fine serious, civilized construction.
Off quality of element of ⑹ electric equipment, the capacity with capacity nominal short of, cause contact attaint, stick dead wait for abnormal phenomenon.
Precautionary measures: Choose yuan of suitable parts of an apparatus, serious examination should have before installation.
Quality of ⑺ electromotor itself is bad, coil winding solders undesirable or sealing off; Down-lead and coil contact are undesirable.
Precautionary measures: Choose the electromotor with better quality.
Single-phase analyse and safeguard what move
According to electromotor wiring means different, below different load, happen single-phase the electricity that run is different also, accordingly, adopted protective kind is different also.
For example: The electromotor of Y wiring happens single-phase when moving, phase current of its electric machinery is equal to line electric current, its size and the load that electromotor place takes are concerned.
When the electromotor interior of △ wiring breaks a string, electromotor becomes ∨ wiring, phase current and line electric current all grow into scale with electromotor load, below load of rated electric current, two-phase phase current should increase 1.5 times, electric current of one look line increases 1.5 times, electric current of other two-phase line increases √ 3 ／ 2 times. The electromotor when △ wiring is exterior when breaking a string, after right now electromotor two-phase winding establishs ties receive with paralell connection of the 3rd group of winding between two-phase voltage, line electric current is equal to the sum of road electric current of winding paralell connection, grow into scale with electromotor bear, below rated load circumstance, line electric current increases 3 ／ 2 times, string together received two winding electricity changeless, additionally one phase current will increase １ ／ 2 times.
In carry a circumstance gently to fall, light electric current increases line electric current to rated electric current, receive two-phase winding electric current to keep light carry electricity changeless, three-phase electric current increases about 1.2 times the left and right sides.
So the electromotor of horn wiring is in single-phase when moving, its line electric current and phase current not only those who follow line point is different produce change, and still change according to laden and different happening.
The place on put together is narrated, cause electromotor single-phase a few kinds of the following reasons cause the reason no more than that move:
１ , environment abominable or some kind of reason causes one bearing power supply to break.
2, fusing of insurance blame normality.
3, the equipment that start and lead, burn that touch a head or attaint, become loose, the contact is undesirable, the choice is undeserved etc cause power source to break one photograph.
4, electromotor stator winding opens circuit.
5, breakdown of itself of new electric machinery.
6, breakdown of itself of the equipment that start.
