1. design becomes more
Project fixed position is ambiguous, bring about a design to be changed at will, cause contract total prices or lock up calm. Of course, this also is the thing that construction unit likes most, make cost besides us.
2. edge is designed, edge construction
On one hand, the designing institute does not provide the technical standards requirement of material and equipment, cause a technology to ask to blur, contract interface is not clear, the risk is limitted unidentified, unit of invite public bidding cannot weave a complete project volume detailed list, clear individual event looks or describe not clear or much leakage, unit of invite public bidding cannot essence of life allows quoted price, the competition of the price suffer be restricted, development business or construction construction unit hard reasonable assess marks a price;
On the other hand, wait for a problem to must be delayed to construction phase to solve not quite as a result of blueprint deepness, construction construction unit must use mouth contract, cause difference of contract rigor sex, controversy and spot visa are much, cost is locked up hard calm, and construction construction unit also must cost a large number of time and manpower to try to coordinate.
3. contract is too fine, too much
On one hand, construction construction just establishs a large number of ability use armour to offer a contract to give for contract or Jia Dingyi tear apart, contract amount is little criterion a few about a hundred, must arrange a large number of manpower to be in charge of what material sets affirming for this, purchase, harmonious, management and close examine goods;
On the other hand, the contract is torn apart cause project contract the relation is more complex, construction construction just must assume direct management responsibility and the partial responsibility that always contract to just should be assumed, in the project progress and settle accounts middling produce the phenomenon that mutual shuffle disputes over trifles, cause invalid cost thereby, and even plan is protracted.
Finally, contractor weaves construction pursues not in time budget, the ministry checks actively with investment inspect manage beforehand settle accounts, its reason is being filled at total package endowment (seal a top to the structure) appraisal of of short duration of construction, contract or gain level are higher, or its interior manages a disorder.
1. does good homework ahead of schedule
Above all, should ask contractor or appoint minute of bag or when the supplier is handing over settle accounts to offer examine and verify, what money paid for something purchased or received for something sold of attach settle accounts adjusts no longer is affirmatory.
Next, should project of detailed examine and verify or cent treaty wording, understanding contract limits, differentiate to wait with valuation mode with the interface between other contractor.
Again, should check the integrality of complete data and accuracy, design modificatory content to whether be over especially whole shows to go up in complete blueprint.
Finally, should manage connection of manage of inspect of ministry, spot, communication in time with the project, with understanding project or the spot situation that distinguish a project adequately, the integrality that benefit works at settle accounts examine and verify.
In addition, planning is very serious also, with constant greatly exemple, the time giving a picture that Heng Dacheng dominates central basis to always be versed in room construction pursues originally makes the budget making of each project plan; Cost controls a center to offer time of settle accounts data to weave examine and verify of project settle accounts plans according to engineering management center; Cost controls a center to report settle accounts time to weave examine and verify of project settle accounts plans by contractor.
Floor area of 2. examine and verify
On one hand, the floor area that should pay close attention to a design to change a likelihood to cause is adjusted, remind cost to seek advice from a company to note construction blueprint and real floor area difference, seek advice from company or contractor calculative area to chase a layer to undertake contrast with architect or cost when necessary.
On the other hand, if floor area and close an account are different, the requirement just is obtained with respect to area difference each consistent; If floor area has,adjust, should check Electromechanical major close an account in time relevant data.
Data of settle accounts of 3. examine and verify
Settle accounts data besides current requirement, still individualize change a requirement (with constant greatly exemple) :
(1) on settle accounts of project of cubic meter of earth, the consign ground that must provide engineer of spot of course Party A, cost engineer, inspect manage engineer and construction unit all directions to affirm jointly level figure and figure of level of the face that finish. There must be the boundary line side clear in level figure / put slope / the actual condition such as working surface (the agreement in the contract not plan put slope / the except of working surface, must differentiate detailed pane net computation pursues (10 × 10) reach relevant calculated description;
(2) on settle accounts of picket radical project, primitive spot records pile of picket radical project, include picket number / picket norms / level of current situation ground / picket top designs elevation / length sending picket, must the signature with engineer of Party A spot, cost engineer, inspect manage engineer and construction unit collective all directions affirms;
(3) the ministry tastes project settle accounts to go up, after must making detailed complete blueprint be versed in for spot of engineering management center room stylist checks engineer, always, construction unit affirms, refer blueprint of invite public bidding and modificatory visa to regard settle accounts as the basis, so that contrast.
(4) build field / afforest project kind on settle accounts, settle accounts data needs a course to be built field before the newspaper sends management center of Party A engineering the engineer / the engineer admits really related afforest, build by garden / settle accounts of afforest engineer attach a slip of paper to a document with comments on it checks an opinion;
(5) on example room project, example room project take-overs by engineer of engineering management center relevant settle accounts data hands over the job; Need to offer the manual of example room current situation through checking and accept an opinion and its subordinate list; When invite public bidding advocate material price is provisional, must press a design to ask to affirm by cost control center corresponding advocate material price.
(6) data equipment kind on settle accounts, must offer via offerring money square / inspect manages (the circumstance except that manages without inspect) / total package / Party A all directions signs check " data equipment checks and accept sheet " with form a complete set " detailed list of data equipment price " original regards settle accounts as the basis.
Settle accounts data checks the point includes:
(1) the data is complete, whether to have the case of Xerox price settle accounts;
(2) complete checks and accept the content in qualified report to fill in complete, special attention checks and accept a report in finishing date, whether does all specification such as floor area fill in complete;
(3) job of project settle accounts hands over the content in sheet to fill in complete, whether is controller of engineering management center signed; Particularly advertent complete blueprint is concerned in handing over sheet, the specification of the description that the instruction changes and come-and-go money.
4. examine and verify is much plan
Before specific examination settle accounts, should read carefully contract contract (or assume by convention mark paragraph differentiate) measure computational regulation with the project, ensure settle accounts content and contract contract place narrates content and computational regulation to agree. Settle accounts appears much plan mistake, because design or the content that complete blueprint states exceed bid,be normally paragraph or contract contract limits; Or it is to contract the regulation of project amount computation that the contract agrees and groovy understanding are different.
Common much plan include but not be confined to is as follows 6 kinds:
(1) already agreed the big motherboard in needing to be contained in unit price of reinforcing steel bar or measure project is worn establish muscle;
(2) already agreed the Tong inside the 1m3 in needing to be contained in unit price of excavate of cubic meter of earth piece makings;
(3) the stucco inside wall ground, closet is waterproof the layer, this is earth is built total package decorates minute of contractor to make an interface with 2;
(4) line of platoon of tube bank of a place with a draught of electrical outlet of line of platoon of electric tube bank, switch, air conditioning, cold hot water supply, weak report tube bank, this is Electromechanical decorates interface of the job that distribute a packet with 2;
(5) wear a canal, bury beforehand, equipment foundation, this is earth builds what total package and Electromechanical cent wrap to cooperate an interface;
(6) earth builds what total package and act wall cent wrap to cooperate an interface bury beforehand.
Price of 5. examine and verify
(1) it is unit price of examine and verify.
Above all, row of place of settle accounts of complete of examine and verify divides a project unit price to whether be accorded with each contract the unit price that the contract agrees, include contract unit price or norm unit price, whether do its name, norms, unit of measurement and contain project content agree with contract or photograph of monovalent appraisal watch.
Next, monovalent conversion wants to examine conversion above all distinguishing a project allow conversion in contract or norm, reconsideration conversion is correct.
Again, compensatory contract unit price or norm and unit value are expressed, whether does the authorized strength that should examine compensatory ration accord with work out principle, computation of unit value watch is correct.
(2) examine and verify takes cost level.
If use norm valuation, according to time of complete settle accounts, the norm that when taking charge happening, carries out and answer relatively with norm the dot of standard extraction cost of form a complete set.
Should notice to build project category to differentiate to whether reach formulary index conform to with project property, have without cover standard extraction cost high; Each take cost plan take base to whether accord with concerned regulation; Random is decided besides take cost to wait; To artificial unit price, organization expenses, administration fee rate, profit lets the circumstance such as benefit need to press contract the agreement of the contract is carried out.
(3) armour of examine and verify buckles paragraph and cancel after verification for expecting.
If project or each divide a part in the project to use armour to offer,expect, when using norm valuation, need to buckle an armour to offer price of makings norm budget after duty; If Party A supplies amount and project,actual dosage is put in difference, need to undertake material cancel after verification, super- supply valence to buckle for should be being pressed partly time.
(4) generation of acting capture of Party A of examine and verify is buckled.
Project or in distinguishing a project each, the project water charge of electricity that if be put in Party A acting capture to take the place of,deducts an item, person of examine and verify should undertake charge is liquidated.
(5) the award amerce that contract of examine and verify agrees.
Project or in distinguishing a project each, if basis contract agrees, put in what of all kinds award fines to wait like quality, time limit for a project, should undertake this charge is liquidated.
In addition, according to contract agreement, answer a project or divide a project to guarantee Jin Jin is calculated all right and obligate, all settle accounts sign in tripartite must check via count before affix one's seal.
Project of 6. examine and verify is measured
Synchronous or amount of alternate check project is usable and the following 5 kinds of methods:
(1) use statistical data and experience, to main project amount every smooth rice content undertakes preliminary approve first, whether be in order to decide inside reasonable interval.
(2) use as a whole plane of law examine and verify if facing of floor area and floor, adornment, ceiling, condole is flat-roofed, and vertical plane if outside establish wall of door of face and its facing, window, balcony, act, outside crural hand, outside establish a range or the rationality of the relevant data such as planar coefficient, validity.
(3) chase a layer or choose typical floor to be like layer of layer of ground library, annex, standard, roofing, the rationality of index of content of the Tong of check column, bridge, floor, wall shears force, reinforcing steel bar.
(4) the Tong content that selective examination or measures structure of typical column network and content of reinforcing steel bar.
(5) fixed or nonsked to the project the quantity has hundred computation review a case in which a death sentence has been passed by a lower court.
Time of 7. examine and verify is nodded
With constant the requirement of time of big confrontation nucleus is exemple:
(1) the examine and verify to always including close an account, can seek advice from unit synchronism to undertake with cost; Divide bag or the settle accounts examine and verify that supply a contract to appointing, can arrange after cost seeks advice from an unit to deliver opinion of preliminary examine and verify.
(2) entrust project cost to seek advice from a company to have audit, the time that issues preliminary audit report must not exceed 10 million yuan of the following project audit in principle 20 days, the time that issues preliminary audit report must not exceed the project of 10 million yuan of above 30 days, 45 days must not exceed below special situation.
(3) cost control center is replied time after the feedback opinion of construction unit every time: 100 thousand yuan inside 2 the following days, 100 thousand yuan of ~50 inside 3 days 10 thousand yuan, inside 5 days of 500 thousand yuan of above.
(4) the check time of center of group financial management is, from settle accounts data all ready sun rises, average check inside 5 days, comprehensive check time is, 500 thousand yuan inside 10 days inside, of 500 thousand yuan of above reach main body, municipal form a complete set, garden to build a project to be 25 days inside.
Above did not finish by time limit (because of the exception of incur loss through delay that is created by audit unit oneself) , every defer is buckled one day punish responsibility department inspector general 50 yuan.
8. produces advisory effect
To cost advisory unit wants to ask somewhat, ask its offer computational draft for example, communicate afore-mentioned examinations to it as a result communicate, requirement its basis opinion of Party A examine and verify and contractor are farther palaver.
When entrusting cost to consult a company, the cost control center with large constant is right work out beforehand the advisory unit of settle accounts undertakes making an on-the-spot investigation, choose, examine and verify of leader of be assigned personal responsibility for of cost of the newspaper after entrusting an object certainly, general manager is examined and approve affirmatory; Cost control center is responsible with be entrusted just sign detailed beforehand the cost that settle accounts reads and edit seeks advice entrust a contract; Cost control center is in charge of dogging, the authorized strength that comprehends cost to seek advice from an orgnaization or circumstance of examine and verify, supervise and urge advisory orgnaization fulfills cost to seek advice entrust a contract, examine the work out result of advisory orgnaization.
Press the relevant provision with big constant, entrust project cost to seek advice from firm audit settle accounts, advisory charge should undertake controlling by following standards:
Project cost of 5 million yuan of less than, advisory cost rate should be controlled in 3~8 ‰ less than, the advisory cost rate of 5 million yuan of above should be controlled in 2~6 ‰ less than.
Audit of settle accounts of alone installation project can increase 0.5~1 ‰ appropriately on afore-mentioned foundations, in the error rate range that if seek advice from firm final audit to report quality is controlled,sets in the company (first trial error rate should be controlled in 3% less than, reexamine error rate should be controlled in 1% less than) , advisory company year seeks advice from cost to collect fees when under afore-mentioned lowest cost leads calculative charge, cost management center can seek advice from cost to lead computation to compensate advisory company by lowest, seek advice from firm work enthusiasm in order to ensure.
Highest advisory cost not prep above of afore-mentioned regulations highest calculative of advisory cost rate seeks advice from cost, plan cost base all is calculated with cost of decide on a verdict, the provision must be made in advisory contract, deciding afore-mentioned plan cost are like former construction contract when base is total prices contract, original contract total prices should be not calculated it is in plan cost base.
Must stipulate the company has authority to the first trial amount to seeking advice from an unit entrusts other unit separately or organize personnel to have review a case by oneself in settle accounts advisory contract, if reexamine nucleus is decreased,lead more than 2% Dan Weichao passes 3% (contain 3% ) , the company is expended by settle accounts audit only 70% pay audit fee, the audit charge that seeks advice from an unit to assume reexamine even additionally (basic audit expends the 1 ‰ collection that reexamine audit cost presses cost of project of reexamine check and ratify, the 5% calculation that the nucleus reduces frontal deduct a percentage from a sum of money to reduce the specified number by the nucleus) , the company has authority to be deducted from inside the audit charge that handles advisory unit directly. If reexamine nucleus is decreased,lead more than 3% , criterion the company does not pay any audit charge to give advisory unit, imprest already audit is expended by advisory unit return.
Project cost audit seeks advice from a contract to must introduce firm corresponding contract model.
All contract involving that those who need conduction project settle accounts the regulation must make clear in the contract:
The settle accounts that contracts to just be offerred must be practical and realistic, provide consideration according to the contract according to the facts, if Party B make a false report is exaggerated settle accounts amount, computational error rate exceeds 5% , exceed partial audit to expend by contract assume, audit cost decreases the forehead to multiply by the nucleus with 4% computation, deduct from inside money of project settle accounts directly by the company, afore-mentioned error rate definitions are: (Party B sends careful amount - amount of final audit decide on a verdict) × of amount of decide on a verdict of ÷ final audit 100% ) .
All involving the regulation must make clear in visa of economy of project of need conduction spot and the contract that design modificatory visa:
The content of the budget statement in visa sheet must complete, accurate, the supplementary budget forehead that contracts to just appear in the newspaper, 10% what do not get the amount after tower above company is authorized, otherwise, the company exceeds collection the penalty due to breach of contract of 10 ％ of the part, deduct in money of total prices of settle accounts project, reduce contract to just be in a company bear the rank that establishs business to evaluate a system.
9. chooses good design unit, improve the deepness of blueprint and quality
With constant large blueprint asks to reach a debt management to be exemple:
The first, constant is big total industry room provides blueprint paper to cost control center (Bai Tu) , the member that cost dominates central data must deal with sign after receiving sth to register formalities, build blueprint paper to send and receive platform credit.
The 2nd, blueprint paper must make clear project place to belong to board piece, name of project of project seat, unit and encode; The project is current (area) door model, several.
The 3rd, blueprint paper beard is dimension clarity, accurate, have the norms model of detailed equipment data and level. If take,decorate, need those who make clear to have decorate a level, need tangible product class, norms, type, if use those who cover a map, need to show the object that cover a map and metabolic case.
The 4th, budget making process produces blueprint paper clear, change is revised, adjust, control a center on behalf of cost of written reply project by the design or tag on computational blueprint, autograph; Concerned problem controls a center to be finished with communication of business connection odd form by total industry room, cost. Design response time does not include budget making time inside.
The 5th, data member discover existence blueprint is not neat, do not have budget making requirement, can reject to accept a plan.
The 6th, room of every total industry dominates blueprint paper of the center and relevant data to cost, cost control center must be saved complete, till till the project all complete settle accounts is finished, be in cadre door data member be in 5 years of above after filing to save project project to handle close an account of be completed industry entirely at least.
In addition, square to examine and verify and character, strengthen the plan that the project develops and rhythm even, take seriously, the plan that aggrandizement invite public bidding purchases works, ensure invite public bidding purchases reasonable time of the job; Strengthen, refine the analysis that answer mark and ask mark, confirm the work, decrease, the heavy recrudesce that avoids contract dispute is unripe; Strengthen notes of contract management, project and archives management; The beforehand guidance that strengthens pair of investment inspect put in order, process management, after the event is assessed.
10. other note
(1) settle accounts unit price has a regulation in the contract, carry out by contract provision;
(2) settle accounts unit price consults in what did not set in the contract norm and low of city situation manage undertake deciding;
(3) the project amount of settle accounts is with complete graph accurate, the place that complete pursues not clear, budgetary staff good admits really to engineering management center or undertake be metricaled on the spot to building site spot; Did not tag to blueprint especially, the standard does not have special requirement, actual construction improves the scene again the ability after standard project must have spot engineer to the file affirms and accord with engineering contract to ask gives by true settle accounts.
Deduct armour to offer, what tripartite supplies money data, equipment is multi-purpose cost of raw materials (the poor amount that receives the square that use shell actually to expect the amount reduces settle accounts dosage supplies material to exceed a quantity to discount fund unit price by Party A) . In the meantime, what should supply material, equipment to armour is much get and get an amount less to also should be caused enough take seriously; Be gotten more and get an amount less to want to check together with spot engineer affirm, should be gotten less to its and get a reason to undertake an analysis more, pass an analysis, settle accounts of farther test and verify counts the validity of the quantity. Material price difference is adjusted strictly by material price fixing.
By contract the settle accounts kind with certain contract decides settle accounts total prices, in book of first trial settle accounts, with contract of the basis when contracting to just check, undertake armour supplies data, cooperate administration fee and responsibility to buckle the charge such as the paragraph to admit really, deduct;
In budget making, because construction organizes design, spot,actual level fails to be offerred in time, cause did not organize what project of actual level computation and project measure design, spot by construction, cost control must ask engineering management center offers construction to organize design, spot in central settle accounts actual level, make to original budget adjust accordingly.
Same project, if have above twice settle accounts or when signing two above contract to produce two above close an account, before in assigning second close an account, wanting to notice settle accounts and later the project amount of settle accounts joins, settle accounts must use character or graphic representation label before (say) bright already writtened guarantee limits and position, before settle accounts wants to check first before settle accounts later, book of each settle accounts already writtened guarantee time paragraph, the position and limits, avoid to repeat. In asking spot engineer is controlling central newspaper to send a material to cost, should make clear surely every time the actual construction position of settle accounts or distance.
