There is a famous communication funnel theory on tubal a Confucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming Dynasties:
If the individual's expression is the information of 100% , so the channel all between group member often can obtain the information of 80% only, add the communication environment, mentation, effect that communicates means, the other side can receive the information of 60% possibly only, and the message that can be understood and understands is remained only 40% , when when be being carried out finally, perhaps had dropped to the level of 20% .
In reality, we also regular meeting hears somebody to complain:
"Our interior is communicated very frequent, no matter be fluctuation class between, can undertake communicating between peaceful still course, but why be carried out in-housely be but why be carried out in-housely,still imbroglio?
Because,this is, one party just transmitted information, and not quite accurate; Other one party just received information, and insufficient understanding.
All these, because,be " invalid communicate " , to this, how to defeat solution, does ability raise a group to implement power?
Communicate effectively " 4 measure "
Generally speaking, communicate effectively have 4 move: Attention, understanding, accept, the action.
① attention
Alleged " notice " , cause the attention of communication object namely, perhaps discuss the topic that the other side is interested in.
If the other side is right similar topic is interested very much, may show the desire that is willing to communicate further, this created a condition with respect to the continuance that is a topic.
Discuss the person that the other side is interested in or issue, discuss the strange thing that the other side never has contacted, especially the thing of those different common, these metropolises arouse the interest of the other side.
② understanding
Alleged " understand " , after showing both sides is communicating further namely actually, instigate this one party of the topic should think method seeks a kind of common language, only both sides is in same collective place is found on the topic, ability is quite effective and go down topic continuance smoothly.
Generally speaking, want to seek common language, with respect to need beforehand refers, what does observation the other side like at ordinary times for instance (include the different type such as the dress, food, commodity, motion) , also can observe the expression of the other side, whether can those topics that clear up oneself to put forward cause resonance.
And during communicating, bilateral conference deepens understanding, inscribe by common saying outspread to come among other topic, change those serious problems better thereby.
③ is accepted
Alleged " accept " , it is to show the communication point of view that gets numerous object to accept the person that chat, command, opinion perhaps suggests, before the course after two measure, conversational both sides has compared understanding.
It is under good communication atmosphere, both sides has established the basiccest trust.
It is under this kind of case, the other side also is met the request that more recipient other one party puts forward perhaps suggests.
④ acts
Finally is " the action " , those who point to is after sufferring numerous object to accept command, opinion to perhaps suggest, can adopt relevant action to come instantly carry out goes oneself task, achieve expectant end and the requirement that satisfy the other side to put forward hard.
These 4 measure also can be divided for 3 phase.
Between whole process, the person that communicate needs to grasp a few points:
* has proper response to the speech of other, of approve of make known his position instantly with respect to need, not of approve of do not give directly negative, OK and advanced travel is listened attentively to, think method has farther communication next;
* notices communication attitude, not too the mood is changed, especially when the viewpoint is abhorrent, must respect the viewpoint of others, maintain modest stance;
* is not eager to holding speech to counterpoise, the most important is to notice to listen attentively to, know the viewpoint of other and think of a way as far as possible;
* affirms communication message ceaselessly, will make clear respective footing and viewpoint with this, ensure important information won't be ignored at the same time;
* uses the communication speech that makes a person impressive, can draw the attention of other effectively so.
Of communication efficiency " 4 criterion "
About be being communicated effectively, often can undertake unscrambling from different point of view.
For instance Gelaisi once put forward · of language philosopher Paul " cooperative principle " , in this principle, have 4 basic standard that use at safeguard to communicate efficiency:
The criterion that ① measures
Wants information content should be provided when the criterion of alleged quantity is communicated namely, cannot overmuch, also cannot too little.
If superior quizs: "Do you prepare how to complete this work? " and the answer that executant gives out is " everything has planned " .
So, such answer is facing the problem with insufficient information content apparently, cannot finish complete communication.
Because the answer of this executant violated the standard of the quantity actually.
The other side wants to know " star " information, and other one party was offerred however " stars sea " information, the communication of asymmetry, certainly will is caused invalid.
② relation criterion
The key of this one criterion depends on, the person that communicate must maintain the dependency that narrates content, cannot quite optional haul or theme.
For instance, sectional director asks: "In this conference, what did the director say after all? What did the director say after all??
Employee answer says: "I had submitted that plan. "I had submitted that plan..
Be in whole in communicating, bilateral talk is out of line completely, do not have too much connection at all, because this is whole,communicate be failure undoubtedly, violated relation standard of Gelaisi.
③ method criterion
So-called method criterion points to namely, avoid to obscure cramped is described and appear as far as possible in communicate different meanings.
For instance, some employee says " the manager make known to lower levels of 3 branches instruction " , this word produces different meanings very easily.
It is 3 directors attended the meeting after all, do they come from 3 branches respectively? Still be a manager will attend the meeting, does his body hold the director post of 3 branches concurrently? Also or it is the manager has a lot of (more than 3) , do they come from 3 branches?
Apparent, the meaning is too much if saying as a result of place, misunderstanding is caused very easily in communicate.
When expression, do not seek fine, but beg had not had, even if be in a way a few trivaller, also answer to be clear about in order to convey, do not produce different meanings to be accurate.
The criterion with qualitative ④
This criterion asks people narrates those absolutely and real things in communicate.
For instance, the boss asks a director " whether to go according to the requirement basic level undertakes investigating " , what be in charge of to also was not done, to avoid to be blamed, pretend oneself finished the job then, still falsified a findings report even.
Such answer violated Gelaisidi actually 4 criterion.
Want to make the group with an executive concentrated power, communicate effectively indispensable, as employee, having eloquence is next, can accurate expression and understanding just are crucial; As controller, pay attention to communication effectiveness, it is a when can manage main show.
