Much hair of accident of 88 kinds of highway nods paragraph of common and safe hidden trouble
The article lists highway accident much hair to nod hidden danger of paragraph of common 88 kinds of safety, check in specific platoon include in the job but not article place narrates be confined to content.
Form of 1 planar line
1, radius of highway flat curve is less than subordinate list 2.1 in a section of a highway of average cost can be elbow a section of a highway certainly.
Subordinate list the smallest radius is worth 2.1 round curves commonly
Design rate (Km/h)
120
100
80
60
40
30
20
Round curve is the smallest radius (average cost) (M)
1000
700
400
200
100
65
30
" railway of JTG D20-2017 highway designs a standard " 7.3.3, round curve is the biggest radius value is unfavorable exceed 10000m.
2, elbow receives the bridge, channel, culvert.
3, elbow receives highway to collect fees of station, checkpoint.
4, elbow receives a freeway to serve an area, jockey of the area.
5, existence bends a section of a highway later continuously.
Bend later (Camber) says to turn round again curve. It is the circumgyrate form curve that show horn of the centre of a circle is adjacent or is more than 180 ° . When highway of area of commonly used Yu Shan needs to overcome tall difference and extending long line, but differ because of planar line form, general be confined to 2 class or highway is applied under 2 class.
Form of 2 vertical cover line
2.1 presence are long declivous
1, freeway, A road is long declivous, it is to point to specific photograph to tall difference, or below condition of specific and average gradient, successive slope is grown at expressing subordinate list 2.2 in a section of a highway that is restricted to be worth. Among them slope is long can press estimation of highway course of development, relatively tall difference can use GPS/ north to fight wait for fixed position equipment to calculate.
2.2 successive slope grow subordinate list and differ relatively high
Average gradient (％ )
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
Successive slope is long (Km)
20.0
14.8
9.3
6.8
5.4
4.4
3.8
3.3
Relatively tall difference (M)
500
450
330
270
240
220
210
200
* notes: Average gradient is less than 2.5% when, slope grows to not be restricted, " railway of JTG D20-2017 highway designs a standard " 8.3.5
2, highway of 2 class, 3 class, 4 class grows declivous a section of a highway, be when showing relatively tall difference is 200m-500m, average even if slope is more than a section of a highway of 5.5% ; When relatively tall perhaps difference is more than 500m, average even if slope is more than a section of a highway of 5% . Still include, of a section of a highway of aleatoric and successive 3km average even if slope is more than of 5.5% .
-- " railway of JTG D20-2017 highway designs a standard " 8.3.4
2.2 existence brow
1, design rate according to highway, even if slope is more than subordinate list 2.3 in a section of a highway of the biggest vertical slope can be brow a section of a highway certainly.
Subordinate list 2.3 highway are the biggest vertical slope
Design rate (Km/h)
120
100
80
60
40
30
20
The biggest vertical slope (% )
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(1) the freeway that designs speed to be 120km/h, 100km/h, 80km/h, when accepting landform condition or restriction of other and special situation, the biggest vertical slope can increase 1% ;
(2) the uses original road a section of a highway that changes extend highway to design speed to be 40km/h, 30km/h, 20km/h, the biggest vertical slope can increase 1% ;
(3) 4 class highway is located in altitude 2000 meters of above or firn are freezing a section of a highway of the area, the biggest vertical slope is more than of 8% can be brow a section of a highway certainly.
2, brow receives bridge, channel.
3, brow receives highway to collect fees of station, checkpoint.
3 cross section are installed
3.1 driveway width is insufficient
Highway driveway width is less than subordinate list of the regulation of 2.4.
Subordinate list 2.4 driveway width
Design rate (Km/h)
120
100
80
60
40
30
20
Driveway width (M)
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.50
3.50
3.25
3.00
1, 8 driveway and above highway are in inside driveway (inside the 1st, 2 driveway) be restricted only when small passenger car is current, its driveway width is less than 3.5m.
2, give priority to with car of current medium, small-sized passenger transport and the highway that designs speed to be 80km/h and above, driveway width is less than 3.5m.
3, when hard way shoulder is less than 2.5m on the right side of freeway and the A road that serve as artery, did not install urgent jockey take or urgent jockey take width to be less than 3.5m.
4, when 4 class highway uses one-way roadway, driveway width is less than 3.5m.
5, the B road that installs slow driveway, slow driveway width is less than 3.5m.
3.2 cars number of channels or width are choppy
1, go up in same a section of a highway, car number of channels or width produce mutation, form traffic bottleneck.
2, the car number of channels of bridge, channel and number of place highway driveway are abhorrent.
3, two conterminous road, car number of channels is uniform, but join paragraph of line form is discontinuous.
4, road width produces mutation.
5, the broad way is received narrow of the bridge, channel.
Form of 4 undesirable lines is combined
Put in elbow and brow at the same time, give those who show following case especially:
1, brow and elbow receive bridge, channel.
2, brow and elbow receive highway to collect fees division of station, checkpoint, service, jockey of the area.
3, brow and elbow receive those who face water to face cliff a section of a highway.
4, even if the side is line form occurrence hump, dark sunken, bouncing, break back, flex to wait make drive of the line body that person visual sense breaks.
Condition of 5 highway drive a vehicle
5.1 side strategic place
1, road shoulder is blocked wall, steep at 1:3steep cliff of side of fill edge slope, road or deep trench height are more than fair value (it is 6-8 rice commonly) .
2, road side is apart from certainly (it is 2-5 rice commonly) inside the water system that has above of 0.5m of constant depth of water (contain Jiang He, laky, reservoir, conduit) , main road or railroad.
5.2 apparent distance are undesirable
1, line of sight of drive a vehicle is indicated of the keep out such as card, green plant and building.
2, inside of tortuous path of elbow a section of a highway is arbor of mound, bush, and apparent distance is undesirable.
3, apparent distance of extreme of successive turn path is undesirable.
4, the side outside tortuous path is deep trench, do not have the channel side cover board rectangle.
5, there are megalith, telegraph pole or large tree to wait on road shoulder.
6, a section of a highway of urgent stoop slope, inside hill body holds back the line of sight, side is clough outside.
7, apparent distance of place of top of slope of brow a section of a highway is undesirable.
8, freeway imports and exports, service division imports and exports brings apparent distance undesirable.
9, of the object that there is line of vision of block up driver inside triangle of apparent distance of planar across mouth and road establishment existence.
5.3 road surface fight slippery function inadequacy
Power of road surface attrition is insufficient, distinct glow shines, road surface sees car sideslip mark.
6 highway mouth and alternate mouth are installed
Setting of 6.1 side mouth is undeserved
1, existence of planar across mouth develops slope and declivous phenomenon.
2, planar across mouth concealments, be discovered not easily.
3, in the apparent distance such as tortuous path, ramp bad road side opens crossing.
Mouth of 6.2 large across not canal change
Roundabout of much driveway of 4 driveway and above not canal change a design.
Canal the roundabout after changing
6.3 lack signal lamp is controlled
Without signal when highway control level crossing appears as follows random when a kind of circumstance, can maintain control of devoid signal lamp:
1, A road and A road are smooth hand in.
2, two traffic all big and the highway with function, same order and degree intersects.
3, although have primary and secondary,two-phase crosses road not, but traffic all bigger.
4, traffic of less important highway is not big, but main road traffic is quite big.
5, although the traffic of road of two-phase hand over to the collective or the state did not reach afore-mentioned level, but because have,comparative quantitative pedestrian and blame motor vehicle pass through across.
6, level crossing safety jockeys inside delimitation of apparent distance triangle, cloggy motor vehicle drives the fraise of person line of sight.
7, according to circumstance of accident of level crossing traffic, achieve one of the following conditions to did not install signal lamp:
A) 3 inside year 5 times average and annual happening that connect an accident in order to hand in, accident case study shows through the setting signal lamp can avoid accident happening.
B) 3 inside year average and annual happening the crossing of accident of above death traffic.
8, according to crossing integrated condition, ought to install signal lamp.
-- " setting of signal lamp of transportation of GB 14886-2016 road and installation are normative " 5.1
The setting waits when 6.4 signal lamp match serious unreasonable.
Establishment of safety of 7 main transportation
7.1 side defend column is short of break
Appear as follows when road side random a kind of circumstance, and did not install defend when column, defend for road side column is short of certainly break:
1, elbow or successive elbow, especially successive and declivous combine a section of a highway with elbow outside side.
2, the side outside growing linear end to install those who have elbow a section of a highway, especially the side outside the elbow a section of a highway that road surface fights slippery function to be not worth.
3, it is tower, dangerous that the side outside music line segment has line of transmit electricity of railroad of civilian house, freeway, high speed, high pressure inside closer limits article store of storehouse.
4, two side protect bridge column is short of break, mar or discontinuous.
5, those who accord with 5.1 relevant conditions.
7.2 side protect column termination to deal with undeserved
1, the termination that protect column appears.
2, the setting that protect column is discontinuous, appear continuously of the termination that protect column.
3, the termination protecting column that end of freeway masterstroke billabong, full line exports was not installed prevent bump of mat.
4, mouth of a cave of channel of freeway, A road protects column to lack join to transfer.
Without prevent bump mat
Have prevent bump mat
7.3 protect column to prevent bump into ability inadequacy
1, car has rushed to defend column, sail outside the outlet or sail to producing an accident to car driveway.
2, wall of shoulder of freeway bridge, road did not use concrete to prevent bump into those who protect pillar of bridge of column, metal to protect column or combined-type to protect column.
3, protect column to have apparent damaged, or fixed without bolt, bolt becomes loose.
4, freeway road side protects column height under 0.75 meters.
7.4 central segregation take a setting undeserved
1, central segregation belt has started to talk close, motor vehicle of existence pedestrian, blame crosses at will of the phenomenon.
2, central segregation takes a mouth to be in afforest keep out serious.
7.5 marks graticule is put in apparent mistake to mix be short of break
1, highway driveway differentiates the oriented line such as line, diversion line and freeway passageway is applied delimit have contradiction wrong perhaps.
2, mark and the content that graticule conveys are abhorrent, appear even contradictory.
3, grade highway did not install traffic sign graticule.
4, join freeway collects fees the highway across mouth of the station did not set mark graticule.
5, did not set caution to indicate in level crossing and place of road side mouth.
6, contradiction of existence of around of mark pointing to a road is wrong perhaps.
7, the freeway shows the road indicates by afforest keep out.
8, the freeway exports a directive to indicate distance exit is excessively long-distance.
9, freeway exit did not offer 3 course by the standard of premonitory mark.
10, two side turn over the freeway smooth label, sign is short of break.
11, dissatisfaction waits in elbow, successive tortuous path, successive ramp full meeting is requirement of car apparent distance, unfavorable a section of a highway that changes was not applied delimit graticule or apply delimit of dotted line.
12, tunnel a section of a highway or railway is lacked glance mark, counter cursor line.
Bear the mark shop sign of afforest keep out
7.6 pass through necessary and safe facilities is short of bourg a section of a highway break
1, wear bourg village of road drawing near, market town and the line of sight is undesirable a section of a highway, did not install a village to warn a mark.
2, the highway a section of a highway or railway with market frequent demand passes in the pedestrian, did not install pedestrian crosswalk and graticule of mark of form a complete set.
3, in density of stream of people blame of big, machine interweaves concentrated area, lack what blame of necessary decelerate establishment, machine keeps apart establishment or caution indicates.
8 auxiliary and safe facilities
8.1 did not install avoid danger driveway or setting are undeserved
1, accident of out of control of van of successive and grown declivous a section of a highway is sent more, did not install avoid of danger driveway.
2, avoid danger driveway is mixed advocate road angle setting is undeserved, car sails not easily avoid of danger driveway.
3, avoid danger driveway passes short, car rushs to avoid danger driveway produces accident risk.
4, avoid danger driveway is safeguarded because of long-term lack, efficiency of apply the brake is serious of attenuation.
5, before avoiding danger driveway makes the entry, did not install " no parking " the ban indicates and " vehicle of out of control is special " of mark.
6, the freeway avoids danger driveway mouth did not install the administrative facilities such as illume, monitoring.
7, avoid danger driveway entrance is put in keep out of line of sight.
Illume of the 8.2 light that do not have the lamp or brightness are insufficient
1, the lamp did not shine inside channel, or did not press formulary illuminative.
2, in urban and rural union ministry traffic flow is larger the highway that perhaps assumes urban function did not install illume establishment.
3, because the element such as soup is brought about,put in serious and safe hidden trouble, ought to install illume establishment.
8.3 other
Segregation takes width to be less than 9 meters in the center of freeway, A road, and nightly discharge is bigger, large and medium-sized passenger goods train occupies what did not install the establishment that prevent bewildered than tall a section of a highway.
The freeway prevents bewildered establishment
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