Tomato: Surname up to now time the fruit in dish
Wang He year
Before early, in South America Peruvian, Ecuadorian the Dasenlinli that waits for a country with Bolivia, often can see a kind of bright glow slips, the feral bacca with very handsome about, local is what it says " wolf peach " , think it is a kind of poisonous fruit that only the wolf just dare eat. 18 centuries, france has a painter to took a risk to sample this kind lovely terrible fructification, who expects the entrance is sweet acerbity, full mouth promotes the secretion of saliva or body fluid, and safe and sound. Then, tomato published table eventually, rapid fashionable leaves come. Then, people it from the move in the park come out, move entered a vegetable garden.
Be in our country, tomato often is reviewed call tomato by people. Its are ancient say criterion mostly around move its two big characteristics and name: Because its fructification color is red colourful, be exactly like the persimmon that produces our country formerly, introduce from western country again, be called by people so " on the west time persimmon " , " time persimmon " , " foreign persimmon " or " tomato " . Up to now, our country north is major the area still calls tomato " foreign persimmon " . Hill of bright generation Zhao cases " establish is tasted " call its on the west time persimmon; " chart of beautiful women or fragrant flowers " breathe out it is a persimmon, in June persimmon; " land plain a book on Chinese medicine " call its kumquat again; The Republic of China 27 years of Guizhou " Ma Jiang county annals " still say local call his dried meat eggplant, sauce eggplant, sea eggplant again, say even for " Mao Xiucai " or " cogongrass vinegar fruit " , saying is " with its acid is cold " and get a name. In addition, have melon of persimmon of a plum, fire, small gold, a bulletin of glad news again 3 yuan wait for another namer.
Tomato belongs to eggplant division one year or vivacious herb. Its but edible place is juicily bacca, show commonly flat bulbiform or close bulbiform, lubricious or orange is vermeil. Smooth, hilum is small, the flesh is thick, flavour sand is sweet, juice is much tastily. Flower, fruit period is summer, autumn. " Qing Dynasty insignificants kind of bank note " live to its configuration is such Chinese ink: "Tomato, greens kind plant also. The bine counts foot high, spread a bit, the leaf is a shape compound leaf, crack greatly, unripe hair is very thick, the flower is weak yellow, fact is oblate, diameter 23 inches, ripe a color is red, can feed. " the Republic of China 9 years " Longyan county annals " " products annals " also had had such description to its: "Red eggplant, in June persimmon, annual herbaceous, come high 56 feet, the leaf is a not whole shape compound leaf, flocculus also breaks up and be a shape, spend yellow, beautiful construction kind be like eggplant, fructification is berry, gules, can feed. " the Republic of China 27 years " Ma Jiang county annals " " products annals " medium shape writes differ somewhat again: "Seedling bine is reddish, add Bai Maoxie, feather shape opposite, open chrysanthemum 45 months, strong the person that have the big fact that be like persimmon, the skin is thicker, ripe yellow, small person be like small tangerine, the oar is raised to turn over in tender skin much. The oar is raised to turn over in tender skin much..
Its breed slue, have malic blueness, pink sweet the breed such as Huang Jiachen of the flesh, orange. The appearance of fruit has circle, flat circle, long circle, pointed circle to wait; The color of peel, have bright red, pink, orange color red wait with yellow. Tomato is the whole world helps advance somebody's career one of most general fruit course, our country major area all has help advance somebody's career.
Compare with other vegetable, tomato has a kind but if really but the special nature of greens. It can regard as already give birth to the fruit that eat, OK also boil became ripe as vegetable, still can machine tomato sauce, tomato juice or Tibet of whole fruit canister. Generally speaking, pink tomato, because acid is sweet measurable, character relatively beautiful, comfortable feed at be born; And maize tomato, the flesh is qualitative face sanded, unripe feed flavour weak, appropriate cooked food.
Tomato contains a variety of rich vitamins and calcium, phosphor, Potassium, natrium, iodic, magnesian, iron, zinc, copper, manganese to wait mineral, still contain protein, saccharide, organic acid and cellulose. According to dietetics home research determines: Each everyday edible 100 grams of 50 grams ～ are bright tomato, can satisfy human body to be opposite a few kinds of vitamins and mineral need.
The doctor of traditional Chinese medicine thinks, tomato has disappear of be good at stomach to feed, the action that treats inappetence. Clear " Liu Chuan a book on Chinese medicine " say its have " promote the secretion of saliva or body fluid stop thirsty, disappear of be good at stomach is fed. Treat thirsty, inappetence " wait for effectiveness.
Accordingly, contain rich nutrition, have the tomato of a variety of function again, be called magical " the fruit in dish " .
Tomato passes into our country is to be in about bright between 10 thousand past years (the Christian era 1573 ～ 1617) . The our country's earliest account about tomato, see Guo Zizhang of Yu Ming's acting historian " Guizhou is careless " , local calls in June persimmon, or weigh a persimmon.
The Republic of China " Guizhou opens keep in mind " " honest other people of clime annals · " in " in June persimmon " in Ceng Youzai cloud: "Guo green snail " Guizhou is careless " have ' in June persimmon poem ' , small order cloud: ' have in Guizhou June persimmon, the bine is tall 45 feet. One branch writtens guarantee 5 fact, or 34 fact, plant no less than 229 seed, the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches of igneous umbrella conspicuous, not sufficient for analogy. are like Hao, xie Shiai, not was like leaf of kind favour persimmon, but can Zheng extensive document also. Propagate comes from on the west time, reason a persimmon. ' " the charm that Guo Qing snail ever had described this kind of exotic in the poem here: "Tendril of Zhu Shi of again and again rank except, burn a tree like that at the beginning of Yun Liuyue. Besides it is leaf of downy green grass, zheng Gongkan picture can'ts bear a book. Chinese will will arms the caboodle that spend dragon, grape clove comes simultaneously, the emperor of peace and tranquility armies booth is removed, time is persimmon grown along He Zhu place? " 10 thousand all previous 26 years (the Christian era 1598) , guo green snail ever was appointed to be by emperor of 10 thousand all previous right deputy drive Shi Xun strokes Guizhou, hold military affairs of the Hunan that make Sichuan concurrently, this poem is his make one's rounds strokes the poem that is written at allowing to go up when Guizhou is medium to make. The Republic of China " Guizhou opens keep in mind " " art Wen Zhisi " have Zai Yun namely: "' 4 inventory look ' have " Guizhou is careless " 21, call the language that its make when Guizhou of make one's rounds. Call the language that its make when Guizhou of make one's rounds..
Bright 10 thousand all previous head complementary chancellery Zhu Guozhen makes up Yu Tianqi the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor " emerge an essay " record of detailed land this kind of configuration feature of a persimmon, and mentioning its to cultivate a place explicitly is to be in Guizhou: "[in Guizhou] have again June persimmon, the bine is tall 45 feet. One branch writtens guarantee 5 fact, or 34 fact, plant no less than 229 seed, igneous umbrella, bolide, not sufficient for analogy. Be like Hao, xie Shiai, hua Shiliu. Kind come from on the west time, reason a persimmon. " with " emerge an essay " those who be the same as book of the year's harvest " chart of beautiful women or fragrant flowers " " fruit chart " medium record and narrate is roughly similar, but increased " ligature is made frame, most can is watched " a word, emphasized what what its have viewing and admire value of purpose. That is to say, at the latest is before 1621, guizhou area had had tomato cultivate.
Lie between when before long, shaanxi takes what ever also had had tomato to cultivate, call its " on the west time persimmon " . Shaanxi Bao (today Zhou Zhi) place of person Zhao is written, into the book at 10 thousand all previous 45 years " establish tastes " have Zai Yun namely: "On the west time persimmon, also come from the west between 10 thousand all previous, rampant, tall 45 feet, persimmon of strong just like, can't bear feeding like that. " " on the west time persimmon " it is the tomato that be used to weighs successors. But because of when the person does not understand its edible value, and " its tendril and leaf are smelly cannot close " , come unexpectedly with " also do not have the person that plant today " ending and wind up the matter hastily in place.
Besides Guizhou, Shaanxi, yunnan also is one of areas that grow tomato the earliest. Will open 5 years tomorrow (the Christian era 1625) " annals of another name for Yunnan Province " in record and narrate " always prosperous government office " the grass in products kind write down when the product have " June persimmon " . From now on record and narrate looks, yunnan already had tomato at that time cultivate, but still be to serve as ornamental plant.
Clear acting early days, shanxi also becomes the main source of tomato. Kang Xi year between " Bao Dezhou annals " " clime annals is homebred " in have with respect to the row " on the west time persimmon " taste, it is its park flower belongs to a kind nevertheless. It serves to show, heretofore, tomato still is to be offerred only view and admire.
When does tomato become the mouth of common people of an ancient name for China to be fed mediumly after all, history do not have proclaimed in writing. Nevertheless, in Kang Xi 24 years " annals of Taiwan government office " " products annals " in, already included its " belong to if really " : "Time persimmon, persimmon of be similar in shape, leather hairiness, color slightly red, flavour is acerb. All be not beautiful to taste, common breathes out wool persimmon. " just, at this moment tomato, because flavour is acerb, had not become the fruit vegetables that people loves it seems that. But show its to already began to become common people alimental fully after all this one information.
After this, zhejiang and other places also had tomato cultivate. Qianlong 40 years " sea Ning Zhouzhi " " products annals " in have namely " foreign persimmon, solid little flush " record and narrate.
But in very long period of time, people will still its regard as ornamental plant. Jia Qing 21 years 1816 " peaceful countryside county annals " it is what its inspect the flower to belong to a plant: "A bulletin of glad news 3 yuan, any of several hot spice plants is belonged to, form if golden melon, red delicacy is fruity, again and again is lovely. Again and again is lovely..
Clear Xu Shidong (1814 - 1873) " smoke island building takes notes " in call its " foreign persimmon " , say a Chinese but had played in order to offer, do not think feed: "Xi Yi already with Chinese have trade relations, much with its homebred come inland. One day is in the garden, the persimmon that buy ocean. Its fruit size, those who be like mandarin orange is small person. Only then knot color is white, gradually green, and yellow, and red, be like red persimmon like that. Those person feeds, chinese but had played in order to offer, not feed also. Its are planted herbaceous, xie Lue is like chrysanthemum and break, small make floret, huang Bai is lubricious. Its root alls over unripe fetlock, if person. If person..
Nevertheless, tomato makes the plant with familiar people gradually after all, its name also had apparent change. Treat together " repair Shanghai county annals again " in had appeared " tomato " appellation: "The person that be like persimmon again, calling tomato. Calling tomato..
"Tomato " appellation head sees Yu Guangxu 10 years Heibei " Yu Tian county annals " " products annals " , this annals is in " grass is belonged to " in the variety that adds newly, added " tomato, Ma Lan " wait for flowers plant.
And, last a period of time is not long, tomato is mixed in our country northeast, China north area of and other places of Shanghai, Guizhou gets be cultivatinged generally, make one of our country's important vegetable. Treat together " repair Shanghai county annals again " in " a kind herbaceous, solid be like persimmon, gourd ladle child be like eggplant, a persimmon " ; Xu Ke " Qing Dynasty insignificants kind of bank note " in " ripe a color is red, can feed " ; The Republic of China " Hu Lan county annals " in " persimmon having ocean, herbaceous Russia is planted also. Solid huge even more is produced at advance, heavy 559, unripe blueness is ripe red, taste is small sweet " ; The Republic of China 37 years " Guizhou opens keep in mind " in " tomato, hot horn of local name wool, its are planted come from a foreign country, complete province produces with Guiyang for how " wait for record and narrate, reflect this one fact.
Its edible value also gets better development.
It is to make tomato sauce, special in order to flavor. The Republic of China 19 years " annals of Lu Shan products stalks of grain " : "Tomato, hot eggplant of local name wool, flavor admirable, on the west of person be addicted to, add Hai of saline an ancient sacrificial utensil, renown tomato sauce. " the Republic of China 27 years " Ma Jiang county annals " " products annals " call its dried meat eggplant, say: "Give birth to flavour acerbity laborious, ripe goluptious, tone food is optimal. Collect fact and salt, garlic, time any of several hot spice plants, sweet wine wine bloats in altar, tibet is long take feed, yi Jia is tasted also. Yi Jia is tasted also..
2 be with the flesh kind together boil is ripe make food. The Republic of China 24 years " Guangdong connects annals to stalk of grain " have this paragraph of record and narrate namely: "Tomato, ab extra kind also. Pass into Guangdong, humanness be addicted to is fed. Count 10 years nevertheless, already became today cultivate generally also. ... the foreigner bloats more and be born feed, cantonese all with the flesh kind thoroughly cook dish. Cantonese all with the flesh kind thoroughly cook dish..
3 it is direct flay and feed, yi Guo also greens. The Republic of China 38 years " quiet county annals " in have namely " flay assist is fed, rao Ying is raised " record and narrate.
Nowadays, tomato fries egg, tomato to stew yellow stew of bean curd, tomato gallinaceous piece, tomato fries fish of a thick soup of tomato of towel gourd, chicken, tomato, tomato to fry soup of ground meat, tomato egg, tomato to stew the dish such as sirlon and tomato of cold and dressed with sause article, more become people table to go up common delicate.
Bibliographical reference (slightly)
" first civilian the secret in food basket " (serialize)
Copyright work: E Zundeng word - 2017-A-00016843
