Chinese ancient time invents gunpowder, arrived Song Chao, artillery has appeared, period of bright Qing Dynasty, firearm makes the indispensable weapon on battlefield. However, it is when the cannon of flower law allied forces in the Opium War all the way when win, quiet day discovers, the sabre of Eight Banners children and bird Chong, with flower law not be a level any more. That is to say, china invented gunpowder, but take the lead in using powder truly, european still, quiet day lags behind at a times, have the share that take a beating only from now on. At the beginning of this century, the diary of French missionary is made public, account gets 6 words that Kang Xi says, why does the Qing Chaowei that uncover secret lag behind.
? Actually from the later period in Ming Dynasty, chinese capitalism is budding, open plus the thought of a few emperors after 10 thousand all previous, never object Ming Dynasty scholar-bureaucrat learning to foreigner, so Ming Dynasty leaves Qing Chaofa to exhibit science and technology " a copy kept as a record " better still. After Kang Xi is in office (1662) , be worth eve of Industrial Revolution of world first time, world situation happened relatively about-face, the Englishman established royal institute in London (held water 1660) , the French built a royal academy of sciences in Paris (held water 1666) , the country such as Germany, Holand, Italy in succession follow the lead of, world science and technology welcomed greater progress. If Kang Xi seizes right now opportunity, quiet day won't lag behind at the west.
? That is to say, qing Chaoyou foundation, chance gets good science and technology develops, dan Qingchao was not done. And, kang Xi has 10 thousand opportunities that contact science, even he himself also has fun at to science, but he does not develop painstakingly. Account of French missionary Hong Rehan, kang Xi loves science, very big to the domain interest such as maths, geometry, physics, astronomy. Hong Rehan still highly praises Kang Xi very intelligent, teach meet. Kang Xi ever used time of 4 days only, measure the length that gave sun meridian personally, differ with actual length very few.
? Quiet day is right emperor child training is extremely harsh, kang Xi emperor 3 years old illuminative, have very good study base as a child, if these missionary intentions teach, kang Xi certainly masters very quickly. Another outside French missionary Fan Erdeng, very perfectness to maths, he gets Kang Xi invite, explain maths more than 10 times for Kang Xi into palace early or late. Not only such, fan Erdeng ever entrusted a French to come to his take along sth to sb a pace enters a calculator, this calculator satisfies common computation not only, and still can power and evolution, many more advanced than the abacus of Chinese tradition, make Kang Xi big open horizon.
? According to Introduction Fan Erdeng, when he teachs Kang Xi to use this calculator, the small Huang Zizheng of the Kang Xi's son, heir that be labelled is good it is in front of Kang Xi (the description according to Fan Erdeng, this emperor child the Ci Ziyin Dai that should be Kang Xi) . Kang Xi comprehends ability very fast, and teach a son personally use. But finally, kang Xi said 6 words to the son however: "Do not be Chinese, unconscious place learns. " these 6 words are recorded to come down by chance by the French missionary, Fan Erdeng that knows Chinese, france gives in Fan Erdeng Catholic in written letter, reflect this issue in detail come out.
? Combine words condition, the means of these 6 words that Kang Xi says to the son: Maths (calculator) although good, but can by us full continent person masters, ten million cannot let the Han people and Mongolia acquire. Kang Xi can teach prince offspringing Dai such word, explain this is true opinion of Kang Xi. Because be in Kang Xi's heart, science this knowledge, full person learns study, authority should enhance the actual strength of royal, but cannot be mastered by most person, because if " outside discharge " , the person that know is much, those who go against him " obscurantism " . Can so say, although historical scholar knows Kang Xi " great talent and bold vision " , but because of these 6 words, let Kang Xi figure all be destroyed.
? Kangxi likes science, but just stay in oneself to understand, enhance knowledge, do not plan to let most person master, more do not plan to develop science energetically, or it is research science and technology, because he thinks, these things are ingenious excessive ability. Combine preceding part of the text, kang Xi ascend the throng at the beginning of, qing Chaoben has foundation and west to stand in same scratch line, but dominate for oneself only because of Kang Xi consider, abandoned expanding the scope of science and technology, this ability is the real reason with quiet backward day. Arrived Qianlong period, quiet day is already backward and old, dan Qianlong is flat made " Bi Guosuo country " national policy, mix thoroughly " foreigner " cut off communication. From now on, the coasting of quiet day with a bang can be opened by western big powers only, quiet day, its are promoted also suddenly, its die also sad!
