No matter be war or battalion of already of look forward to, the successful method that why goes is washed-up. Last-minute, it is the times changed, the technology fell behind, big environment produced change, originally significant step lost the effect.
Arrive from two world war today, battlefield is newest science and technology and the test site that organize a technology all the time, if you understand the the First World War somewhat, the leading role that can know this war is cannon, heavy machine gun, abatis and trench, and this also is human throughout history a war of the most miserable intense, assault, several people casualty is common occurrence then. This kind of casualties is adv unimaginably in the war after be mixed before one battle.
Army equiped to weigh machine gun in great quantities at that time, defending just is very those who gain extra advantage unfairly. And in the past dozen of law of the sort of openly group assault without the change, the soldier must carry the concentrated firepower assault that emphasizes machine gun on the head, natural casualties is then heavy. Even the muzzle of will heavy machine gun that people returns creativity is carried tall, bullet is met lay off a parabola, it is besides a few kilometers below one plays rain to kill and wound the enemy.
The enterprise also often can make same mistake, the market is already developmental, and the enterprise returns the management concept in adherence tradition, what natural meeting is defeated is very miserable.
What circumstance is what then Maikelisiteer encounters in Iraq? Arrive from 2003 2008, his responsible branch makes combine special type to fight headquarters, antagonism of direct United States' pickeddest special type army is mixed in Iraqi guerrilla terrorist, these special type army include the seal commando of famous, swim cavalry is waited a moment.
These army can say is an U.S. Army inside each arm of services picked medium picked, still have the most powerful equipment, assist and logistics supply, and their adversary, it is sodden unlined upper garment of those devoid training, broken garment, taking the guerrilla of pallet weapon, still those are binding bomb, start the terrorist that the suicide assaults at any time.
No matter angle looks from which, the U.S. Army is strong one party, in fact, guerrilla and terrorist let an U.S. Army have bitter taste.
About bushfighting, our Chinese is not unfamiliar, chinese soldier depends on this skill, in the enemy rear, hit Japanese army and shake with fear of puppet army or soldier. My army works as a guerrilla can not be hit foolishly by intuition, do not have more fight the immortal in Phoebus drama's average person, have powerful theory and practice base however.
Mao Zedong once had written a specific guidance how to work as a guerrilla the manual of battle, be called " by bushfighting " , this book contained the strategic goal of bushfighting and overall principle not only, still be a very specific tactics directive manual, wanted commander of a basic level to study this manual seriously only, so basically the most situation that enemy's rear area can encounter, no matter be aggression, occupational other still condition, he has answered principle and specific tactics.
Say for example, make clear in manual writing, crepuscular, night ought to choose as far as possible when guerrilla makes a surprise attack; If encounter big unit of the enemy, can leave dispersedly will many a little bit make a surprise attack. Razzia conditionally enemy foothold when, if the enemy does not have capable organization to strike back, ought to start the masses here so, how to build defence even, is as clear as day.
However today when different before, the U.S. Army has all sorts of satellite, unmanned scout, panzer and missile now. Once guerrilla uses as covering night, of the U.S. Army that instead became equipment night vision device advocate. Cooperate powerful helicopter to carry ability, the U.S. Army can put any corners of battlefield on army quickly.
Look in a lot of military affairs experts, the vivosphere that there has not been guerrilla now, can fall in such condition, instead is an U.S. Army more and more passive, za Kawei launchs horrible assault in Iraq ceaselessly, instigate different group arms the battle between, gain bigger reputation, a lot of foreign countries come to go to somewhere for shelter before terrorist. The U.S. Army misses opportunity for combat again and again, even if kills 9 small heads, whole and horrible organization resembles is one magnify net, can be injured how oldly far from.
Gradually, maikelisiteer realizes the problem goes where be. Of Iraq " base " organization, from apparently if those who be the same as a tradition is revolting,look arm; But it is under idea, its act means differs somewhat with any former enemies. It does not have the administrative pattern of the from above to below on traditional sense, form more be similar to dispersive network shape, even if destroy a few backbones, other node still can launch assault independently.
Perpendicular the order that dissolved management to maintain army in the time of a few centuries with layer class of the level, the U.S. Army also is such, but the environment that the U.S. Army faces in Iraqi place is rapid change, and interdepend of each respect element, this kind of environment and layer class turn management means is already antipathetic. The fact proves, the U.S. Army with layer trenchant class faces this to plant dozen of law is very incommensurate.
So, the problem is not the enemy too powerful, however the U.S. Army is moss-grown. The U.S. Army spends so much money every year, have the richest actual combat experience, when facing traditional bushfighting, fell behind actually? This is too mysterious
Cite a case, the umbrella falls the military affairs that fighting is difficulty, danger acts. For 82 airborne division the airdrop of a battalion of 600 people arrives inky descent area, must undertake plan and be harmonied subtly. Above all, the umbrella falls personnel must assemble the airport, and the beard on the airport has 12 C – 17 transport are on call, in these 12 transport, 6 are used to locomotive personnel, 6 are used to locomotive and heavy equipment. The umbrella falls army just ends review training, the parachute on the back and oneself heavy equipment discharges fine line in file carefully to enter a plane. Each meetings joining a platoon of airborne battalion subordinate are adopted " across lades " means enters a plane, should arrive at so descend when the take off of area in the sky is nodded, they can undertake synchronous parachute in each phase, same a personnel that discharges repeatedly and equipment can descend in an area roughly. Parachuter, can be put to be in into the ammo that bind and car giant finish inside the tray below parachute " heavy-duty airdrop " , these personnel and goods and materials can be hit mark, go to the lavatory to identify quickly in the night.
To the soldier character, this is a familiar flow. They throw thousands of hour to undertake relevant training, ensure the accuracy is mixed uniform, such is in when actual combat they can use the shortest time to build up on the ground, beat back the enemy's aggression, reach their goal. Nevertheless, on battlefield, a lot of parachuter often still discover him outdoors country is worn broadcast, look for the car that is less than oneself and ammo, must oneself form small paratroop to endeavor to finish the job. They must learn to use the has pity on less resource in the hand utmost, and must the extreme is efficient.
You can think for certain, all these sounds right, is army this appearance?
However, this just is the epitome of a paradox that often exists in martial action.
Legionary pursuit but foresight, it is this carefully make known to lower levels to indicate, the flow that set can duplicate simply and slashing standardization mechanism, and go after efficiency assiduously. On the history, had gained a lot of major victories to the pursuit of order and efficiency; However, arrived 2004, must understand to have efficiency only already insufficient! An accident gives showing soldier, mechanical failure, a punch-drunk target, make the task fails likely.
But the war is such? Like play chess obviously for nothing? The war was full of variable!
Since 19 centuries, a series of machine inventions come out, people begins frenzied pursuit to manufacture efficiency, thinking of this kind of efficiency once was married so that cross a lot of brilliant combat success, army fights more efficient, can destroy more enemy quickly. After Pearl Harbor incident, american war industry shows an astounding actual strength, with water of one the world speed produces a warship. Efficiency is to send success key.
Are this thinking and working way how come?
1900, what what Taylor of 44 years old exhibits on Parisian exposition is system of a job, the audience to exhibition, the Yu Ji of working rate as good as that peaceful forces a system is slash: The general level at that time is the iron and steel that minutely cut is less than 3 meters, taylor's system is OK cut 15 meters. In that time, industry is made is " the sexiest " technology, of Taylor reveal be just like Steve Qiaobusi introduces mobile telephone of the first apple to everybody now same.
People comes to here from European each district, spend the system that a few hours queue up to be strapped to see peaceful a few minutes only.
The machine that Taylor uses and other company look are compared and do not have too much and different. His endowment depends on the standardization of flow, the standard is carried out accurately to what be like airborne action. Pass a series of experiment, the optimal speed of the optimal way of machine tool of the optimal distance between tool of machine of the optimal temperature that Taylor makes a cut iron and steel, machinist, refrigeration that use water and movement of in-house conveyer belt. When all all these medley when rising, doing not have a second of time is wasted, meet without 1 jin of material by mislay, the labour force of workers also does not have the waste of a tiny bit.
To accomplish these, taylor is taking book of an a pen, Zhang and a stopwatch, all day long saunters in the worker caboodle in the workshop, record the time of each working procedure, correct their action, time again next. He employed an assistant to classify the time that each variable place in recording each working procedure needs. He is determined with most " science " means undertakes optimizing, received classical and mechanical cent greatly small, change numerous for brief academic character, will all job tears open solution to become the smallest element. Taylor is calculated carefully, comparative, new form is built, calculate thereby piece implement the measure with each the sharpest move. Optimize the minor gains of each small element, collect the notable difference that rises to be able to produce efficiency to go up.
Taylor became a famous management to learn the home later, this kind " reductive style " management is in the world each district is wide to circulate, the controller of the enterprise tears open complex issue solution to become each simple question, let each group, individual be finished respectively.
Come more than 100 years, through " reductive " pursuit efficiency has been mixed air is same, become the issue of of course. Be this method portrayed today's society, but arrived here, how incorrect?
Because social itself changed, technology of a few years changes recently, ecbolic give more interdepend, the world with rapidder also rate. This produced a kind of intricate state of affairs.
Of Taylor this is covered " reductive " method, can solve only " complex " problem, "Complex " the problem is just like engine of a car, even if its structure is again complex, also can ravel, reductive to each spare parts, people can know this system is how of action.
But the world is " daedal " , "Daedal " like meaning a thing to resemble dismantling engine without method, undertake reductive, a lot of do not decide the element can affect the development of incident, yamaxun the butterfly fan wing of rain forest, who doesn't have a law to forecast what can produce.
Solve complex issue to need massive effort, but complex issue in the final analysis can be forecasted; And daedal sex is meant, although we are tracked,grew with metrical ability, but the world becomes more uncertain in a lot of respects. Of this kind of uncertain situation and Taylor " reductive " administrative pattern is antipathetic, taylor's foundation depends on plan and can forecasting a gender, and need new method in new environment.
On battlefield, special type army answers the terrorist of more agile, network hard. In commercial society, each enterprise also discovers he was immersed in a kind them cannot the palm accuses " ecosystem " and " value network " in, this makes they cannot be forecasted almost or plan oneself destiny. Below this kind of circumstance, the slick way that proceed strategy plans, think " did not come and meet some to resemble more or less now " , can be more of a hindrance than a help only.
And what we see this. The orgnaization sex of regnant task force is traditional: Line of satisfy the need undertakes planning, constituent structure and constituent culture hug is worn the concept that tries to undertake be forecastinged accurately. Our solution is to use those who answer complex case, these plan are in new, the front in daedal environment faces failure.
Review, no matter be U.S. Army or enterprise, once we promote efficiency with Taylor's method, but this method is faced only " complex " the problem just can have the effect, if was encountered " daedal " problem, we cannot undertake forecasting, old way was used without giving thought to, we need to seek new solution.
