[on August 24, 1926] Zhang Jian close-up: Cogged Number One Scholar, bankrupt hero, establish the entrepreneur of 370 schools
Mao Zedong says: "Tell heavy industry to cannot forget Zhang Zhi hole, tell light industry to cannot forget Zhang Jian. Tell light industry to cannot forget Zhang Jian..
Hu Kuo says: "Zhang Ji is straight (Zhang Jian) the gentleman is in latter-day China history the hero that going up is a very great failure. "Zhang Ji is straight (Zhang Jian) the gentleman is in latter-day China history the hero that going up is a very great failure..
(Zhang Jian of businessman of Number One Scholar)
[pretend to be other, scholar of pass an entrance examination]
1853, zhang Jian is born in today Jiangsu Nantong city (when say to tell a state) . When 5 years old, he is ripe the back goes out " 1000 words article " , the father of for generations soil decides to send him to private school study, expectation he enters official career through imperial examinations.
Zhang Jian study is outstanding, but on Zhang Jiazu 3 generation cross a scholarly honour and official rank without person pass an entrance examination, it is so called " Leng Ji " , imperial examinations is admitted very hard. When 15 years old, adopt arrangement of a teacher, zhang Jian pretends to be the Zhang Jia of the county that be like Gao, attend imperial examinations, in taking an examination of scholar.
Later, do not have because of asking for property like Gao Zhangshi if really, told Zhang Jian law court. "The case that risk book " last a period of time is counted year, let Zhang Jian one suffers sufficient, like a drowned mouse. Fortunately a few officials love ability, offer a help painstakingly, just remove finally case.
(now Jiangsu Nantong)
[special take care of, high school Number One Scholar]
After this, zhang Jian attends countryside 5 times to try early or late, in all was not being taken an examination of, Later, attend 4 times again can try, end in order to fail.
During, the Huaihe River of his go and seek refuge with sb army famous general Wu Changqing, become assistant to a high official. Before long, yuan Shikai also comes Wu Changqing of go and seek refuge with sb, two people one Wen Yiwu, bring out the best in each other. 1882, korea happening " Ren midday mutiny " , wu Changqing attends random affair of Korea calm down. Zhang Jian follows ibid to go to, draft article of many political comment, strong external. Because this gets a royal or imperial government " Qing Dynasty flows " the admiration that sends the person such as Weng Tong Zuo .
Weng Tong Zuo very appreciate Zhang Jian, want to be in for many times can try to be aided in the dark, did not think of a few times to happen however " Wu Long " incident, admit other examination paper be Zhang Jian by accident, fail in an imperial examination of a list of names posted up on result other, Zhang Jian. 3 " accompany run Wu Long " hind, zhang Jian is in eventually the one armour in was being taken an examination of 1894 the first Number One Scholar, right now already 41 years old.
[demit official comes home, industrial save the nation]
At this moment, just Feng Jiawu is Sino-Japanese the war erupts, clear government be defeated, sign " the horse involves pact " . Zhang Jian have one's bosom filled with is depressed and discontented, think to develop ethical industry only, should develop cotton textile and industry of smelt metal iron especially (namely " cotton iron creed " ) , ability resists big powers is aggressive.
His submit a written statement to a higher authority resigns official position, express: "Wish the thing with one useful fine long hair, do not wish to live 8 lives the official with 9 disgraceful lives. " he is cherished industrial the idea that save the nation, return home town Nantong, raise fund difficultly through 4 years, old unripe cotton mill at formal 1899 put into production. He from man of Number One Scholar, became businessman.
Old unripe cotton mill begins profit very quickly, attracted a large number of investment. Be in later more than 10 years, zhang Jian in succession open ironworks of cultivate herd company, oily factory, flour factory, smelt metal, power plant, build between town and town removed highway. Nantong economy grows quickly, become China to spin industrial bibcock gently, appear at that time awesomely on foreign map of the world.
(old unripe cotton mill of Zhang Jian)
[powerful nation is installed civilian, become a visionary hope eventually]
1911, after revolution of laborious the last of the twelve Earthly Branches, zhang Jian participates in imperial edict of give up the throne of emperor of the Qing Dynasty that draft.
He holds the position of president of bureau of the industrial department overall length of China the Republic of China, farming business overall length, irrigation works to wait for duty early or late, chair edited the code related many countryman economy byelaw, try with what long for day and night " cotton iron creed " powerful nation is installed civilian.
However, yuan Shikai intent weighed the Supreme Being 1915, zhang Jian anger and abdication.
[education allows a country, arrowy annals not change]
Zhang Jian is developing industrial base to go up, energetically open teachs a career. 1902, zhang Jian established to connect city civilian to establish training school (today Nantong normal school is advanced schools) , indicating what education of Chinese normal school sets office only is germinant.
1905, he and educationist Ma Xiangbai established in Wu Song answer dawn is fair learn, today the predecessor of Fudan University. 1909, establish schools of Wu Song merchantman, merge into later Dalian is maritime university.
(Nantong university Zhang Jian resembles)
In addition, zhang Jian still is one of main author of national southeast university, established the first the first spin school of Chinese, inwrought school and the first Thespian school. The Nantong blind dumb school that he established 1916 (today center of Nantong special education) , it is the first special education school that runs to teach oneself oneself by the Chinese.
Besides run a school, zhang Jian still established the first communal museum of Chinese -- Nantong nature science encloseds ground for growing trees, with pass an imperial examination an observatory -- army hill observatory. His pour into is many painstaking effort, nantong city builds advance rapidly, be called " China is latter-day the first city " .
(Yangzhou university Zhang Jian resembles)
[die cloudily, the whole town turns out]
However because the current political situation is queasy, 1922 " entrepreneur of Number One Scholar " go bankrupt. On August 24, 1926, zhang Jian is in infinite lonesome and die cloudily in desolate, die at the age of is 73 years old. He established all one's life 20 many enterprises, many 370 school. The day that hold a funeral procession, nantong city the whole town turns out.
On August 24, 1966, 40 years in Zhang Jian festal go up, zhang Jian grave is become to do by Gong Weibing " the FOUR OLDS " be bungled destroy. The things buried with the dead in the grave has: An a pair of a hat, glasses, folding fan, still have caddy of a pair of metals, installing a tooth respectively, a bundle of foetal hair.
(Suzhou university Zhang Jian resembles)
(the 94th work that the article is battalion of writing of biography of character of · of every phenomenon history, battalion member " Wu Mao wool " the 1st work)
