The Huai-Hai Campaign (Kuomintang just calls Xu Bang encounter) it is China of war of liberation in all bilateral and devoted military strength the battle of the summit summit with most, most intense battle. This battle, in Hua Ye wild surround and annihilate of join forces of two big field armies Kuomintang army brunt army, the battle that obtained future of destiny of or so China wins. The 800 thousand Kuomintang that attends a war among them army loss of plan of the Communist Party of China is as high as 600 thousand person, eliminate casualties of 170 thousand person outside uprise of surrender of 60 thousand more than person, have be as high as 320 thousand person is by liberation army captive. Is this 320 thousand captive in afterwar destiny how? Small make up consulted relevant data, disclosed the plot after them.
1, average soldier, great majority on the spot joins the liberation army
Graph: National army is captured to walk out of battlefield in the Huai-Hai Campaign
In 320 thousand captive, average soldier amount exceeded 300 thousand, it is captive scale the one part with the biggest, maximum amount.
Wild a large number of forces of first-order Duan Shihua besieges the Huai-Hai Campaign Huang Baitao corps. Battle history account, in the Huang Baitao in 17 days of battles 60 thousand person of corps casualties is captured about 40 thousand person, but the casualties that its also give Hua Ye to cause 60 thousand person, the miserable sacrificing oneself for a just cause of the battle is visible and common. Huang Baitao corps by full wipe out hind, hua Ye, medium corps of yellow dimension of wild surround and annihilate and surround Du Duyu the action of bright group spreads out instantly, also be evil battle tough fight, because this liberation army does not have time actually according to before method goes restoring combat effectiveness, can use only " follow along with captive fill, along with fill along with battle " politic, attend the captive complement of Huang Baitao corps into army fight.
During war of liberation, my army ever explored the policy that gives prisoner of war of a give special treatment successfully, do not regard the captive arms of farmer of one's previous experience as namely the enemy, wait for education to undertake changing through caring sufferings and complaint however. On this foundation, if be willing to follow what my army attends revolution, criterion treat equally without discrimination; If not be willing, send travelling expenses to let its come home. In the Huai-Hai Campaign, this one flow is simplified greatly, a lot of Kuomintang army captive is to be captured in the morning, have education midday, undertake fighting with respect to a when become the liberation army afternoon.
Graph: By the Kuomintang sergeant arms of captive
Should say, my army not only extraordinary on the education of captive arms success, be opposite ever since these " emancipatory soldier " promote use also accomplished treat equally without discrimination, this makes a few days ago or be without fight Kuomintang arms of the desire, commutation a group of people of same interest became the liberation army soldier of active render meritorious service. Data account, some will make the prisoner of war when Huang Baitao corps November, arrived Du Yu of surround and annihilate will been become because of battle achievement when bright group December platoon leader even company commander, this kind of case is infrequent on warlike history.
In the Huai-Hai Campaign, hua Ye although casualties is very big, but fight military strength amount is in however 3 short in lunar time from 420 thousand increase 460 thousand, it is for the most part very among them " emancipatory soldier " increase. These " emancipatory soldier " a lot of follow finally Hua Ye main forces had hit the Yangtse River to liberate complete China, people who volunteer to fight in another country is joined again from the back 9 corps dispatch troops Korea, stand finished one's contributions in work.
2, basic level officer, get piece " travel permit " can come home
Graph: My army is right Kuomintang army uprise officer has education
Officer is a military skeleton force, especially Kuomintang army such structure, officer is mastering everything of basic level soldier, it is the component with control the mainest army. In Kuomintang brunt army, one's previous experience of basic level officer is urban propertied class or rural lessor commonly, be considered as " class enemy " " stubborn clique " , be taught so not easily to transform. Ever a few hearsay say, the captive in war of liberation can get to officer of Kuomintang basic level punish. Nevertheless actually, by the Kuomintang of liberation army captive army officer not only can earn a living, and a lot of meetings are released surely.
After annihilation Huang Weibing is for instance round, central Plains field army 6 vertical only a column with respect to captive officer of hundreds school Wei class. When whole campaign fights to end not completely still, released these captive to had carried program.
According to party memory, after these officer captive are discriminated to come out, it is centralized study a few days first. After that can minister of column enemy the Ministry of Works in feudal China come to: of captive official speech? Unplug cheek wall muchs bang Xun not the limit before of of Ta of glucoside of a cricket of Ju of bright of Gu of of dirt of Song of of of Ta of ふ of Gu Shun bed n/HONs be unworthy of the honor arm of Zheng of Yu of the Su that embed returns excuse me of Ju pry n/HONNing be unworthy of the honor 5 agitate of Zheng of Song Yiqin Yu n/HONs be unworthy of the honor! Antrum of Ti of of Shen of pain or numbness caused by cold in all apprentice of of approach of You of that a pavilion or house on a terrace of Yun of extensive young body of the mark that sentence unplugs limit of bucket of imperial mandate of heart of cheek a key to do sth n/HONs be unworthy of the honor owe canister of of Xi of courtyard of laying ヒ of antrum of of vomit laying ィ n/HONNing be unworthy of the honor of fur coat of of north of car of Song of of of grey tomb figure! Does the v/LIT an amphora-like jar that compare delay carry of ィ of ∧ Juan on the back to hard iron secretly post show of an ancient drinking vessel of to bang post to carry on the back " vinegar of ⒏ slander is look of 7 Ti embarrassed does garden of tip of of acyl of slander of the tip of a twig step on of ┕ of ancient wine vessel to much of city of anxious of an ancient nationality in China of ɑ of Kuang of accept of instrument of bang ?
After battle of old official banker, the Kuomintang of an about 2000 people army;burst;ulcerate;fester arms by captive of 2 liberation army soldiers, have among them the 70th army an a junior officer. Because,this person fears the identity by " punish severely " , took the advantage of chaos to change the dress to escape then, but before long hind be captured again captive. such all the way captive run, ran captive, add up to by captive 12 take second place are much, have within an inch of a few times to die on the road, have gone through hard twist to return Suzhou eventually the 70th army asylum reports for duty rejoin. Result before long hind discover however, the officer that is captured together with him people all is safe and sound taking travel permit to come back. He ever recollected deep feeling liberation army " commentate captive " strategy rose to fight an effect that be less than: "Can show its are not enemy namely the friendly, kindness that is a bosom wide; 2 can show one of paper ' note ' command, can fluctuate namely the act efficiency that an organic whole carries out thoroughly; Three it is bate the psychology that P.O.W is the same as enemy to its hatred towards the enemy; 4 it is to show its do not unite sanguinarily brethren, save to save the nation only civilian attentively! Save to save the nation only civilian attentively!!
The Kuomintang that is released army captive, a lot of do not wish to fight again came home stealthily, another some of person continues to participate in Kuomintang army rebuild the job. Nevertheless before long hind, in again other battle, they often are captured again, only a few more very few the person follows Jiang Jieshi runs to the island.
3, senior officer, leave from now on army horse regression lives
Whole the Huai-Hai Campaign is captured in the 320 thousand person of captive, what make a person fix eyes upon most is the senior officer of above of 124 major general undoubtedly, include Du Yu among them bright, Huang Wei such Kuomintang army extremely medium the character of influential force, be in " war criminal " the character in list.
These senior officer are full of fear to the liberation army. Before army breaks down, their clothing that a lot of people change Staff Sergeant arms in succession, forge the identity, hope to be able to escape the liberation army discriminate.
Graph: "Xuzhou plagiarizesends armed forces to suppress always " Du Yu bright be captured
Graph: Huang Wei of 12 army commanding officer is captured
If fizzle out,when dimension is captured, professing is 85 army Si Shufang of military headquarters Captain is stronging and pervasive fragrance, and Du Yu bright be captured professing when captive is Gao Wenming of section chief of department of 13 corps military supplies. Nevertheless, often liberate strategy to apply subtotal, these curule and peculiar habits expose his come out.
Be in charge of cross-questioning Du Yu for instance bright officer of my army ever was recollected, let when the trial " Gao Wenming section chief " draw up the name of other section chief come, result " altitude is long " draw out a pen from pocket, stretch his hand, showed the advanced watch on the artifice. Drew out a long time, those who draw out is American cigarette; Draw out again, another packet of cigarette; Draw out again, those who draw out is a packet of jerk. Finally, draw out one branch to overcome gold fountain pen at long last, can be without preparation beforehand, a section chief also is not written come up. Must admit oneself are Du Yu eventually finally bright.
As a result of advanced P.O.W and in inferior captive official has very big different, they follow Jiang is old, it is the trusted follower of Jiang more, the politics of familiar Kuomintang, military affairs organizes a circumstance, participate in a war personally decision-making, know a lot of secrets, count on them to be in short-term inside change footing, almost impossible. The P.O.W with my so special to these army takes special policy and relatively comfortable management commonly, even we are advanced general also can be interviewed personally and visit. Give give special treatment as far as possible in life respect, although condition of my army material is very poor at that time, their food still eats special mess by pay of cadre of my counsellor class, the safeguard on medical treatment is very humane also. Du Yu bright lifetime of Huang Weirong horse contracts all sorts of severe diseases actually, become in Kuomintang these defect when senior high-ranking military officer are more and more serious, after becoming prisoner of war instead, these diseases improve gradually, the body became better and better also.
After founding a state, most Kuomintang army senior officer is transformed in what pass forest of merits and virtues hind, obtain amnesty in succession at rising 1959. Du Yu bright when be interviewed, say with all sorts of feelings deeply: "I understood eventually, my be completely annihilated, shortened the history of ethical suffering. Shortened the history of ethical suffering..
