Chinese prickly ash is main provision flavors raw material and oil plants tree are planted, get of consumer love. Rise as what flowing water of person the people's livelihood makes the same score, bigger and bigger to the demand of Chinese prickly ash, chinese prickly ash helps advance somebody's career the area expands ceaselessly. However, the crop that a lot of Chinese prickly ash plant an area is very low, affected farmer badly people cultivate enthusiasm. The article is reached to the generation reason of low yield of Chinese prickly ash, adverse element reachs those who transformed a technology to have development to discuss, consult for everybody.
1, the account that low yield Chinese prickly ash establishs generation reachs his adverse element
The reason of 1.1 generation
Qinghai saves area of agriculture of the eastpart part to be located in Qinghai-Tibet Platean, it is farming herd complex reach the place that collect, it is our country agriculture those who distributing most carry on the west, be located in since ancient times devious, traffic and information are out-of-the-way, agricultural production technology is very backward. Of Chinese prickly ash help advance somebody's career not exceptional also, past Chinese prickly ash is a family more fragmentary help advance somebody's career, produce for private use oneself, the emerge of itself and perish of itself that establish system, help advance somebody's career manage special extensive, do not have the technology of plastic clip and habit almost on the tradition. This kind of undesirable ethos is affecting local Chinese prickly ash all the time help advance somebody's career and produce, together with in recent years, right advanced and practical help advance somebody's career technical promotion strength is not great, the plastic clip that broad masses did not master Chinese prickly ash help advance somebody's career technology, formed tree of many low yield of indulge of Chinese prickly ash.
The adverse element that 1.2 indulge cultivate
After tree of Chinese prickly ash is cultivated if do not add plastic clip, let it have its swing grows, criterion often crown of a tree is premature gloomy is my, branch is overmuch, disorder, cause crown of a tree inside ventilated and pervious to light undesirable; Bring about a tree force is weak fast, cause plant diseases and insect pests, tip is feeble, fall beautiful premature drop is severe, bead of result of every fruit spic is very few, the meeting after yield rises greatly falls very quickly greatly; Bring about output of only individual plant low, and quality is poorer, and cause sit fruit fixed number of year and unripe long life are briefer wait for adverse element.
2, transform a technology
2.1 trees form is transformed
The tree look that indulge establishs is varied, because plant crop,should act on, along with the principle of branch plastics, treat according to different situation distinction. Transform nature commonly happy model, natural semicircle with natural clump shape model.
Natural and happy model tree form is appropriate Yu Shuguan is bigger, branch is densely covered, the not pervious to light indulge inside chamber cultivates transform. Answer to purify of bough of crown of a tree namely shrink, will inside chamber is stretched, cut other bough and its branch again again time shrink, cleared and sere branch, be bred afresh and distributing advocate the method of side branch. Form of natural semicircle tree is not big to crown of a tree, but branch is closer, transform without what indulge of apparent main force cultivates, cut bough and its branch again time shrink, cleared and sere branch, breed bough afresh, hemicycle is shown to distributing inside space of crown of a tree advocate the method of side branch. Natural clump shape transform at having what trunk indulge cultivates aptly, soil of excavate root ministry, purify of redundant bud main force, withhold 3~4 can, let its distributing naturally reasonably on the space, cut bough and its branch again time shrink, cleared and sere branch, breed the method of bough and result branch group afresh.
Transform 2.2 minutes years
Indulge cultivates transform clip, because cultivate,want to make appropriate, cannot move to death cover forcedly, want to be transformed quickly already, cannot act too hastily again. The basis transforms experience for years, large tree can be finished 3 years roughly, sapling is finished 2 years commonly.
The 1st year with scanty give priority to except overmuch big branch, should be opposite at the same time advocate the leader branch of side branch undertakes be answeringed moderately shrinking, with rejuvnation advocate the unripe the way corp is growing of side branch. Those who want an attention is, the cut to big branch (cut a mouth) , want to zip with melting candle, next again Bao Shanghou is plastic, in case bacteria of infection of target branch cut and dehydrate sere death.
The 2nd year, basically be right result branch group has rejuvnation crop, make crown of a tree gradually satisfactory. The method is cut in order to shrink to disorder branch group give priority to, scanty sheepshank closes, make moderate of amount of branch of crown of a tree, and distributing reasonable, inside chamber ventilated and pervious to light, make cultivate the way corp is growing to turn completely flourishing, crown of a tree gradually satisfactory. Should use selectively at the same time advocate the hind excessive growth branch in side branch is fostered into result branch group.
Basically be the 3rd year to continue to had been fostered inside group of chamber result branch, increase result position, replace group of very anile branch.
Body of the 2.3 trees after transforming manages
2.3.1 apply sufficient base fertilizer. Base manure can raise the photosynthesis of blade significantly, cultivate situation and next in those days to restoring year grown junction fruit, having decisive effect. Base manure is applied in autumn best, time is collected in Chinese prickly ash before deciduous leaf coming from September after closing, all can undertake, but better with exerting the effect early. Apply organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer more commonly, be not applied or apply urea and the chemical fertilizer such as 2 ammonium less, large tree of result of every individual plant applies dung of sheep of 15~20kg become thoroughly decomposed to add 0.5kg compound fertilizer to add 5kg sawdust; Use ditch fertilization method, in crown of a tree umbriferous periphery digs the trench of 2 deep 40cm, scatter sawdust in channel bottom equably first, in channel is being stuffed after mixing ovine dung, compound fertilizer divide evenly with a few fine earth next, water, step on channel fill and level up with earth finally solid can. The head in clip wants full amount to apply base fertilizer among 3 years, want to inspect circumstance fertilization later, result good year wants to be applied more, off year wants to be applied less, flourishing grows and the tree with excessive growth too much branch should stop apply 1~2 year, in order to hold tree put oneself in another's position balanced nutrition is best.
2.3.2 protection lamina. Chinese prickly ash is collected after closing, tree body begins to make full use of the nutrient that blade makes is accumulated into travel nutrition. Accordingly, must want to strengthen the protection to blade, outside dividing the prophylaxis and treatment that has made necessary plant diseases and insect pests, still can undertake face of blade fertilizes, in order to raise the chlorophyll in blade, increase photosynthesis. Join 3mL of treasure of face of blade to add multivariate and efficient phosphoric acid with 15kg water commonly 10g of 2 hydrogen Potassium adds the 25g that feed vinegar to undertake gush of face of blade applies 2~3 second can.
Flourishing of 2.3.3 control branch is long. Growing busy season applies the 1~2 of powder of Zun of 30% much effect of 500 times to gush of excessive growth branch second, undertake controlling; Control wants to water in autumn, prevent to transform excessive growth of the branch on bough, make branch grows contented, hale, sufficient lignification, increase fight a gender.
The 2.3.4 protection that strengthen trunk and root ministry. In Chu Dong season, first thenar to root ministry fill water, use cutcha earth and pit of tree of stack of mixture of broken bits of dung of flocks and herds next, bury trunk earthy 50cm deep, before bud of leaf bud of Chinese prickly ash seasonable take out; Use all sorts of shred to wrap to the rest main force and bough, can make transform medium Chinese prickly ash to cultivate body to avoid the harm that suffers freeze injury, its protection effect is first-rate.
Plant diseases and insect pests of 2.3.5 prevention and cure. Collect in Chinese prickly ash branch of seasonable purify ill bug wants after closing, fireweed is mixed all round tree of cleared Chinese prickly ash disease leaf, reduce content of cause of disease of live through the winter and bug mouth density. Leaf spot of Chinese prickly ash is coming on the Bordeaux mixture that primary in season applies 0.5%~1.0% , come on metaphase is used 65% but gush of 300 times fluid applies wet sex acting Sen Xin prevention and cure; Are to Chinese prickly ash Feng Die and aphid in produce initial stage to use plant sex pesticide 1.2% suffering? Times fluid of smoke breast oily 1 500 undertakes preventing and cure can.
Through be opposite indulge is cultivated comprehensive ground, progressively have reasonable plastic crop, can improve the composition that establish system completely, rejuvnation branch, increase advocate the way corp is growing of side branch, group of branch of result of the chamber inside education, make branch distributings reasonable; And make inside chamber ventilated and pervious to light, make the way corp is growing establishing system of Chinese prickly ash turns flourishing, crown of a tree gradually satisfactory, result place gets addition, make the crop of Chinese prickly ash and character get rising considerably, can raise the economic benefits of whole of Chinese prickly ash thereby.
