Mei Lanfang (left) with show of Yang Xiaolou partner " Xiang Yu the Conqueror fastens female singer "
Mei Lanfang regards generation as the Great Master, be not rely on onefold performance skill, however art and thought sentiment, morality is repaired it is what unite. He needs bright sign in harbour of period of war of resistance against aggression, do not be show of the enemy and the puppet regime, with the respect and admire of patriotism feelings humanness of inspiring awe by upholding justice. War of resistance against aggression won 1945, stop the Mei Lanfang that acts 8 years to decide return arena, premiere choosing is in Shanghai. On October 10, he is in " civil report " on publish " appearance random thoughts " one article, report the joyance of heart annals of 8 years and victory to reader, audience.
Mei Lanfang reappears, grand occasion sensation. In be like current audience, have Feng Zikai, "A simple move or action looks around, clap its are carried on the back oneself, examine to whether daydream " . Playgoing still is not satisfied, then his specially visits Mei Lanfang, write down beautiful article in after the event " visit Mei Lanfang " .
Appearance random thoughts (the section is chosen)
Mei Lanfang
Plum family name is silent after 8 years, wanted to appearance again nowadays. Perhaps the imagination gets reader Zhu Jun: To an acting person, resemble me especially of such ages, blank of 8 years is a how big loss on life history, this loss is forever cannot compensatory. In the past this paragraph overflows year old of long the middle of a month, my heart is like shut-off of water, wear beard, set sb's teeth, calm and living heavily, think of this problem, I always feel this war makes me anile a lot of; Transmit when triumphal message however when, I also do not sink to enrage again with joy, I feel I am young instead suddenly, my heart waves up all the time, mix a body to be full of vigor, did not know to fly from where a kind of self-confidence: I believe me forever won't old, no less than motherland of our Changchun ageless is same. Before two days bear a few outside presence of Jie reporter gentleman, talking I ask about to still want to sing a few years to make fun of in language, I can't help blurting out path: "A lot of years, I still hope to be able to perform a lot of making old. I still hope to be able to perform a lot of making old..
Because want to act in a play, latter the mood that I am full of an activity. Train one's voice, experienced figure, everyday excitedly ground is busy, this kind of mood, make I review in regular professional training the first time the old dream when appearancing: It is to fear on one hand, it is to jubilate on one hand. The sort of excitement is so be identical unexpectedly! 8 years: Long bedraggled, often so curved, because terrible hear, the opportunity that joins train one's voice is done not have, try to send the first libretto to the middle of air when me after the victory when, of that mood happy it is to not have really can describe. I still can be sung, a very short time of 40 years considers had not forgotten completely. But plaything is not close perhaps; Can the audience give me many excuse? How can I satisfy an audience to expect to mine? However I know, all these probably unchallenged. Because of me this appearance, have a greater sense, this is for the victory of war of resistance against aggression. During war of resistance against aggression, myself has a decision: I act in a Chinese opera anything but before the victory. After the victory, I have a new decision again: Must give the obligation that appearances for the first time the motherland. I think at that time, if the victory is returned when, have a congratulatory meeting, I am willing to devote in sound of jubilation of the whole nation arena. I nod this now true-blue give Shanghai, to celebrate the new life of this city, I am same with infinite happy go fulfilling my wish.
I must thank all countrywide personages that care me. Come a few this years you are too big to my encouragement, you raised my proper pride, strengthened my faithfulness to the nation. What excuse me please is straightforward, plum family name is displayed tonight act " thorn tiger " one scene, I do not have what result to political problem all along. As to patriotic heart, do I want some stopping to each person is? I am natural cannot exceptional. If I go up to still have how many success in drama, so this achievement should belong to a country, at ordinary times I have the right to rely on craft this a little bit to come keep the pot boiling, will grow my enterprise; But be in war, it is below the circumstance that with us the motherland stands in hostile position, I am non-privileged the dignity that loses a nation casually: This is a my simple conviction. Also can saying is the belief with due limit of lowest of a countryman. Social personage is acted the role of to my award, exceeded me really place is likely susceptive limit. "Freedom signs up for on the west " reporter gentleman says me " the war of resistance against aggression that is executing an individual all the time " , make I am appreciated and ashamed.
(carry formerly " civil report " on October 10, 1945 the 2nd edition)
The Lan Fang that visit a plum (the section is chosen)
Feng Zikai
Mei Lanfang and Feng Zikai
My all one's life visits the famous person that have never met before automatically, it is first time in order to visit Mei Lanfang. Long parted this matter of understand of Changjiang Delta relatives and friends, think I arrive probably rear area is Bohemian 10 years, changed " theater fun " come back, arrive to be held in both hands " actor king " . Actually complete otherwise. I am forced to leave my native land 10 years, one puts a heart on the ice, still be the believer of an art and religion. My love makes the same score drama (Beijing opera) it is approach of artistic heart institute, my Lan Fang that visit a plum is drive of religious heart institute, this is meaning far character really deep, do not listen to this article, it is to teach a person incredibly.
My love makes the same score drama, only then at before war of resistance against aggression a few years, when be being become at the beginning of hall of predestined relationship predestined relationship, we build a house newly, buy newly phonographic. Disc majority is western music, buy the disc of a few pieces of Mei Lanfang to adorn slightly. Because of 54 timeses, a lot of people object making the same score drama, should Ko it, I read their article, feel justifiable, look down on smooth drama from now on. Unexpectedly phonographic the smooth opera music that go up, and pull gradually attract human sympathy, make I do not buy western music piece eventually and buy smooth drama record only, especially Mei Lanfang's disc. So 54 bookman place objects, it is the contains feudal toxin stale content of smooth drama, and the lively form that I like the exaggerated that is smooth drama to symbolize -- music and act.
Western music is " harmonic " , modern music is east " of melody " . Make the same score the music of drama, developed adequately " the music of melody " characteristic. Try look: It does not have harmony, did not accompany (Hu Qin is to aid achieve) , do not have short scale even (minor scale) , without half scale, use gamut only (major scale) 7 words (come alone rice law is swept pull on the west) , can the change that sheet relies on melody will express a variety of individual character such as garment giving blueness, old boy, bedding face. So go to the opera, although not be familiar with gut, understand libretto again not, also can know the identity of its person, nature from inside music, reach gut probably. Suppositional when creating these xipi one of the two chief types of music in traditional Chinese operas at the outset, author to life affection flavour, have unusually sufficient understanding certainly; Have unusually nimble talent certainly to depict music at the same time, reason can pick out take worldly virtuous mother, fine wife, official loyal to his sovereign, dutiful son, mang Fu, the elite of all sorts of disposition such as a person who achieves high position by unscrupulous scheming, try the depict with musical indicative exaggerated, and cause wash all sorts of Lian Ming's fast melody, indisputable ground continue to use arrives now. Before war of resistance against aggression, my hobby to making the same score drama be confined to listens, namely dedicated Yu Jiyin's happy side, I do not attend friend sport shop, and only the thing amasses record. In more than 100 pieces of record that collect along predestined relationship hall, mei Lanfang calls majority. 26 years (1937) winter, these disc and hall of predestined relationship predestined relationship perish together; The replacement after the victory, already was bordering on now all ready.
The hobby of my playgoing, after still be forced to leave his native land, begin in Sichuan. Have temporarily hill of Fu of my reside abroad, place has one to make the same score a theater, be in nearly very close. My reside abroad does not have a thing, was the same as my young female one chant, every night goes looking. At first, enter to red gown, green gown goes out, do not feel interest. Feel gradually later, this kind is played the part of law and perform a way, with its compose law of music gives one course together, it is exaggerated, indicative expression. For example red face is good person certainly; Flour aperture is hellion certainly; Beautiful face is fierce person certainly; Of dawn horn all alone like ropedancing on foot; Of only part resemble unplugging on foot slimy foot... every this a variety of acting law, it is a basis the fact tries exceeding exaggerative and come. Cover the person of kind-hearted integrity, complexion light is august, might as well hyperbole is red; Crafty and evil and ruthless and cruel person, complexion is callous shade is miserable, might as well hyperbole is white; Good brave fights the person of firm, extraordinary of its face aperture dash forward be stranded, might as well hyperbole is a flower. Of gentle and graceful woman go, OK and exaggerative for all the time line. Of formidable man step a stride, OK and so exaggerative that resemble unplugging mud is sufficient. ... because be a basis realistically, so wondering of at first view, can feel oneself later of course. As to equestrian should take a lash only, open the door to want to install a gesticulation to wait only, avoid already wordy the fraud of numerous full of trivial details, can give the person that watch the room with the imagination again. I feel this is compared realistically lively much.
Return Shanghai, comfortable Feng Meilan fragrant histrionic. We bought 30 thousand yuan of a piece play ticket, to Tian Chan arena looks. I had seen him only before war of resistance against aggression, I do not love Beijing opera in those days, impression is already ambiguous. In war of resistance against aggression, I am informed him to fall into enemy hands in Shanghai area remain faithful and unyielding, indulge in self-admiration; Again friend is sent to his to take the picture of the beard. I admire his skill originally, so far admire his character, with respect to the fast wall that imagines the picture, yao wishs his health. The victory is vague still in those days, I think to the photograph: Fugacious and rapid, person life geometry, do not know Mei Lang to have deny go up again the day of Qu Shu, I am unripe have deny will listen to admired good fortune again! I take cause in balcony of day Chan scenic, see Mei Lanfang is in " dragon Feng Chengxiang " in when the attitude with Mrs. Sun comes on the stage, at once a simple move or action looks around, clap its are carried on the back oneself, examine to whether daydream. Do the friend of neighbour is indescribably, ask quite: "Don't you jubilate see Mei Lanfang? " he acts to add of Chinese great theater later, I follow go looking, in succession watched 5 night. After he performs Bi Zhi, I visit him.
I seek Mei Lanfang's definite view, it is to should look demiurgic person this photograph of this special classic... wonderful singing, gorgeous attitude, wear clever machine by this -- the body -- on expression comes out. Is this demiurgic person " special " classic?
Of a spring afternoon, in static ocean upstairs is taken in be troubled by, I and plum doctor went up to sitting in two sofa. When as usual greets, I temporarily incredibly this is the actor king on arena. Two from him full go up, can as if dimly the cover photograph of female singer of ground infer anxiety, Gui Ying. My scrutiny his face, feel frame is born very well really, see his body again, repair short fat barren, proper also. I think: According to human body beautiful standard exam rises, figure appearance of Mei Lang is bordering on Venus probably, be the qualification that has human body of Dong Yang standard. This his sound is sonorous and belt stick embellish. Also can as if dimly from this ground infer " cloud collect clear sky, glacial annulus emerges suddenly " and " child hate to part with dad " tone.
From the mouth of his very glad conversation, I know he is in fall into enemy hands period in escape like why bother a person's mind, how from Hong Kong escape from a danger. Allegedly, in relying on to make the foeman of Hong Kong completely, have an officer, ever went to those who see plum family name be in Tokyo acting in a play by its mother belt from Yan Youshi, have good opinion to him, because this favour gets escape from a danger. Know him again load very heavy, children of a lot of the operatic circle want his support, the life is not rich. At that time his landlord is showing the door to him, must get a few metal bars square but relet. His generously ground says to me, "My act in an opera makes the money that come, have a few metal bars! " I am very open-eyed, why his word makes I am touched particularly. Study carefully, so he loves to help conversation with the pose of two tactics; And this pose is very natural, it is Everyman place does not do those who go out!
Make I am touched at that time however the deepest, not be this kind of delicate thing, it is the deep sorrow with variable life however. His age is older than me, this year 56. No matter his body how good, a few years still will act in a Chinese opera henceforth? Sacred hand makes this choice clever clinking classic after more than 10 years must fall loss effect; And this collapse caustic is absolutely cannot reparative! The politician can establish all ages base, make oneself live on in spirit; The later ages that literary home can send work, make skill life is brief and chief. Because their a magic weapon is not complete,going up at the body. Sit in me now this special classic before, its a magic weapon is in completely the human body of this 6 feet; And this the body is frailer than this teacup, sandedder than this give back is not durable, pottedder than this cigarette (he asks what I suck is 35 cards) still not prolonged! Under contrast, make my why and other places sighs with emotion, is what kind ground regretful?
Then I persuade cordially to ask him, much henceforth Guan Liusheng piece, take the motion picture of vivid and dramatic more, although disc and film also are to need the content of decayed, but come more than 10 short years compared with this, permanent much, yi Keliao in order to comfort affection. But say according to him, be like it is difficult to have a variety of blocks, also fail free place is about to be. Guide me to visit, it is gentleman of photographer man static mountain, bear the Chen Jing Bing of camera lens, Mr Cheng Xueming two with the body. Two gentleman took a lot of pictures for us in the courtyard of plum family name. Photography finishs, I say good-bye. He and my shake hands are very long. Chiromancer says: "Male hand is expensive soft, female hand is expensive hard. " of his hand soft, make me amazed.
Wait with man gentleman after parting company, I think in comfortable one's way home alone: Depend on religion without only then without eventually adult division looks, art is broad-leaved epiphyllum visionary hope originally, fire of stone of light produced by electricity, disillusion in a moment, again sufficient cherish! Blame alone demiurgic person too without calculate; Since be built so exquisitely, should lengthen its to protect with fixed number of year; Protect since absolutely refuse to to agree,lengthen with fixed number of year, criterion not worthwhile builds so exquisitely: Can careless huddle, also can make the world decreases a province a lot of spoony.
Alas! Mischievous god! Heavy of crepuscular inside story of a plot is suddenly lop, enveloped the myriad all living creatures of Shanghai. I am faint hear the voice that gets the god: "You are protected with fixed number of year a day short! "You are protected with fixed number of year a day short!!
36 years (1947) on June 2 at Hangzhou
"Well-regulated free movement " -- coetaneous abroad and artistic Great Master talks about Mei Lanfang
Sitanni looks every surely
The Mei Lanfang of generation great master of Chinese Beijing opera, it is the artist that dawns Beijing opera travel performance art promotes Xiang Dian summit not only, still be the first introduces Beijing opera to abroad culture emissary. 1919, mei Lanfang leads a group to attend Japanese show, beijing opera art travels outside Xiang Hai first. End arrived 1929 at the beginning of 1930, mei Lanfang guides the capital theatrical company that has 22 people only to visit a show to the United States, gain huge success.
1934, he goes to Europe visitting on invitation, get likewise the attention of European Thespian bound. According to western media reports at that time " the Beijing opera that Mei Lanfang performs play of this kind of China is not realistically true, however artistic true, it is standard of performance of a kind of presentable, those who compare the life is true more deep-felt. Those who compare the life is true more deep-felt..
1935 the travel of Russia, mei Lanfang is the same as Sitannisilafusiji, and the Germany of because of fighting Nazi regime exiled Russia is big dramatist cloth Lai hopes to encounter especially, it is to become more Thespian history a great event that attend. To receive Mei Lanfang, russia established technically to include a dramatist heart of carry on one's shoulder of Sitannisilafusiji, Dan Qinke, plum Ye, Taiyiluofu and. Mei Lanfang performs 5 in Moscow surely formerly, leningrad 3, hind because buy ticket audience all-time eagerly, instead performs 6 in Moscow, 8 act in Leningrad. Final Russia changes association to ask him to be added again in Muscovite great theater again to foreign language perform, this just before parting show respond to a curtain call amounts to 18 take second place much.
Mei Lanfang is in Muscovite show, year the Sitannisilafusiji of even more seventy years of age looks every surely. He still asks Mei Lanfang to watch by him hold the modern drama of the show of Muscovite artistic theater that guide, the be a guest in inviting Chinese artist to reach him home. Sitannisilafusiji says: "The realistic expression method of plum doctor can offer our exploratory study. " say again, "Opera performance of China is well-regulated free movement. " Mei Lanfang remembers these two words greatly the heart.
Bulaixite exclaim unceasingly
Bulaixite of another Thespian Great Master suffers Xitele to persecute in those days happen to is in Muscovite asylum. He saw performance art of Mei Lanfang, wore deeply fan, it is at keeping a problem 1936 " by China opera and from the effect " article, highly praise Mei Lanfang and our country drama, agitato points out he comes for years place is hazy go after and have not achieve, had developed extremely tall artistic state however in Mei Lanfang. He most of appreciation is Mei Lanfang act " hit fishing to reduce the home " , exclaim unceasingly:
A young woman, the daughter of fisher, stagewise is standing oar imagines medium boat. To operate it, she does not grow to cross the Mu Jiang of genu with. When flow is rapid, she maintains body balance very hardly. Then the boat enters a creek, she is delimiting smoothly. Namely such rowing, but this one scene is full of poetics picture meaning however, asing if is a lot of balladry place chant pass, well-known issue. The each movement of this woman a picture makes just like in that way the person is familiar; Each turning of the river is the dangerous situation with one foregone place; Connect the next time turning makes before draw near the audience becomes aware. Carry the actor's show and this kind of feeling of the audience produces; Looking is the actor makes this kind of scene calls a person hard dismiss from one's mind.
This kind of acting is more healthy, and (the view that depends on us) the animal that it and person have reason this is more proportional. It asks the actor has higher culture, more substantial life knowledge and experience, more the exquisitely comprehension to social value. Of course, still ask here the job of creativity, but its quality should rise than superstitious and psychedelic skill a lot of, already was mentioned because of its creation rational height.
Love Sen Sitan rage
Was in 1935 Muscovite Mei Lanfang and Aisensitan. Aluokefu is after
Young director, with " battleship wave gold " the Aisensitan that established film montage theory is pair of China Beijing opera more pursuit of the sort of be similar in shape of not stick to is alike in spirit, in the artistic trait that verve emphasizes particularly on while exquisite body spirit has both very appreciation, think young cinematics can acquire a lot of things from which. Aisensitan still invites Mei Lanfang to film a paragraph of talkie. Film that all night until dawn, mei Lanfang was performed before Aisensitan's camera lens " rainbow Neon closes " in Oriental family name and Wang Bai party are right gun singing and dancing that one, cherish of photograph of two people awake, kept valuable friendship and video data.
On the informal discussion that holds for Mei Lanfang, love Sen Sitan rage, made very long speech, he says:
We often are imagining Shakespeare is crackajack of period Thespian. The show is commonly used in those days the method with qualitative holiday, expression also does not darken sometimes on the arena when nightly occasion, but, the actor can communicate the sense of night adequately however come out. We are in of Mei Lanfang Thespian in also see this. " rainbow Neon closes " a medium play is behaved particularly brightly. Dark performance is very outstanding. In gong sound, can feel the place in darkness walks.
When the show that sees on arena Dr. Mei Lanfang when me, the development process of the each segment of the arena movement that he saw in my performance in him. We see, how is he finished a series of gimmick, a series of it is indispensable like the ground like Chinese character composition motion almost. We are then clear, the completely fixed expression means that this is the perfect combination that particularly cogitative to a few courses ability receives. To mirror important tradition, established a series of necessary principles. But, make fun of to from a play, what Mei Lanfang is using pair of character nature however is vivid and outstanding reveal will abound and enriching these traditions.
Produced a problem from this, we are encountered when contacting Dr. Mei Lanfang, that is opposite namely realistic total concept problem. We know to give on book realistic the definition below. We know, through can behaving numerous thing individually, generalize through can be being achieved individually. Permeate each other in this kind in, arose realistic.
If will see Mei Lanfang's craftsmanship from this viewpoint, may discover a very interesting characteristic so: In the performance of Dr. Mei Lanfang, these two kinds of contrary are guided ultimate degree. Generalize the degree that reached indicative, mark, and the individual character feature that specific act is reflecting performer again. We arrive soon in person now, be in not only we are Thespian in, and in our film, form culture, namely the culture of form of high poetic flavour, disappeared already completely almost. If we use the artistic achievement in past film and the word that will contrast today, so we can see, exorbitant description sex is damaging figure sex of the form. And what over Dr. Mei Lanfang we see is antipodal: That is particularly rich figure domain, it is the figure field that gets particularly strong development.
We are in of Dr. Mei Lanfang Thespian in sees phenomenon, even person is good at uncannily producing all ingredients of artistic domain, it is particularly important to talkie, have urgent sense particularly. The person that always works in film branch can realize this. Because, without doubt, this should is one of basic characteristics of talkie. Before Dr. Mei Lanfang comes, we are in serious and caky condition in formal respect, this are more Thespian than be in in the film in more terrible.
The editor makes: Xu of old dawn goosefoot jades bright
