Assemble type construction to had become national policy to be in fervent carry out, but to assembling type construction, because most project lacks experience, a lot of problem is encountered in site executive process. The article is medium the 13 quality common fault that builds what 7 bureaus sum up from inside project example to assemble type construction, analysed a reason and give provenance manage measure, accord with current trade the actual situation, have direct sense, everybody can prevent and cure in the reference in the project!
1
Bury positional deviation, shift beforehand
Bury line box to slant beforehand
? Problem description
Bury line box to slant beforehand, sink
? Main demand
" assemble regulations of technology of type concrete structure " regulation: Bury box of line canal, report to be in the center of component part plane beforehand 20mm of line position deviation, differ 0~10mm high
? Case study
1) line box is secured not firm, concrete is irrigated build or brace up box of the line when pounding produces shift
2) concrete brace up pound touch the case that hit a wire
? Control a point
1) the surface on prefabricated components buries line box bottom to must increase beforehand prop up
2) concrete brace up when pounding, the requirement is forbidden touch touch bury canal of line box, line beforehand
2
Face of hemp of stoma of prefabricated components surface
Face of exterior stoma hemp
? Problem description
Amount of stoma of the surface outside prefab concrete component much, aperture is big, hemp face
? Case study
1) use oil kind agent of drawing of patterns, bring about concrete to irrigate after building, much oil position is easy form air hole
2) modular stage clears sordid, after besmear brushs agent of drawing of patterns, modular stage appearance is easy form raised place, concrete is irrigated build, after sclerosis, easy form air hole
3) concrete brace up pound not close-grained
? Control a point
1) use agent of drawing of patterns of ability in swimming or agent of oily drawing of patterns to replace oil
2) before besmear of agent of drawing of patterns is brushed, must clear modular stage clean, colligation of reinforcing steel bar and bury working procedure to use diving board beforehand, do not allow to having besmearinging the modular stage of agent of drawing of patterns goes up
3) undertake concrete to the worker brace up pound technical put all one's card on the table, last a week is right brace up pound working procedure to undertake by station
3
Crackle of prefabricated components surface
Exterior crackle
? Problem description
Crackle of the surface outside prefab concrete component
? Case study
1) the position such as mouth of door an opening in a wall, did not ask to install reinforcement by the standard in blueprint paper
2) consolidate did not undertake according to the design before removing swing to be defeated
? Control a point
1) the position such as mouth of door an opening in a wall, install reinforcement by normative requirement
2) before removing swing to be defeated, must ask to undertake component part consolidate according to the design, the examination is eligible and rear can remove swing to be defeated
4
Beforehand buy member is present check and accept, pile up problem
Space block is not on a perpendicular
Component part piles up lack space block
? Problem description
Prefabricated components spot piles up at will, square space block of wood of occurrence fluctuation platoon is not in linear, extremely easy generation is interstitial
? Handle measure
Beforehand when buy component piles up, it is to must ask to pile up field compares level, if place is wrong, need to adjust space block, make sure rock-bottom space block is in same plane, make sure rock-bottom prefabricated components puts level, get power even; 2 it is more than 6 to fold plywood to pile up number of plies shoulds not be; 3 be board with board between cannot lack space block, and vertical stroke needs to go up point-blank in to space block, all space block need to satisfy normative requirement
5
Design of condole spot position is unreasonable
The generation in hoisting process is apparently interstitial
Set condole here the dot is unreasonable
? Problem description
In spot hoisting process, generation is apparently interstitial, prefabricated components generation is destroyed
? Case study
1) design of prefabricated components itself is unreasonable
2) condole dot design is unreasonable
? Handle measure
1) computation is analysed to aing string of 1 spot position undertakes when component part is designed, ensure hoisting is safe, condole place is logical
2) bury condole to nod to leaking or a string of 1 the dot designs unreasonable component to return a factory to undertake handling
6
Prefab wallboard hoisting slants
Control line of wall body deviate is too big
Two sides wall is apparently stagger
? Problem description
Prefab wall body slants a more serious problem, affect project quality badly
? Case study
1) when wall body is installed undertake not strictly controlling according to control line, bring about wall body to fall hind slant
2) component part itself is put in certain quality problem, ply is abhorrent
? Handle measure
1) buy of corrective wall posture
2) construction unit strengthens the spot construction management, avoid to produce similar problem
3) inspect manage unit strengthens the spot to check supervisory work
7
Prefabricated components cop is omited, not agree with with spot obligate
Prefabricated components is lacked bury cop beforehand
Bury cop to slant badly beforehand
? Problem description
The spot discovers partial prefabricated components buries a canal to lack beforehand, slant wait for a phenomenon, when causing field assembly, need to wait for a problem in chamfer of prefabricated components authentic, destroy prefabricated components easily
? Case study
1) component part buries pipe fitting to omit beforehand in treatment process
2) cop installation did not press graph construction
? Handle measure
Strengthen management, bury cop to must press graph construction beforehand, must not omit, irrigating the examination is strengthened before building concrete
8
Prefabricated components grouting is not close-grained
Wall fill is seamed outside place
Spot grouting quality is poor
? Case study
1) form a vesicle expects configuration is unreasonable
2) moire canal is dry
3) conduit of form a vesicle is not expedite, embed seam not close-grained cause leakage oar
4) operation personnel carelessness not fill is full
? Precautionary measures
1) deserve strictly to put makings order to undertake making up than reaching by what illuminate a manual, agitate method and agitate time root undertake controlling according to the manual
2) microscope answers to note oar canal, flat-fell seam before component part hoisting whether unobstructed, before form a vesicle half hours can scatter a few water to undertake to canal of form a vesicle appropriately wet, but must not have seeper
3) use pressure records oar machine, the Kong Yingyi of form a vesicle in a component second successive fill is full, expect to before coagulating eventually, wipe squeezing ramming of surface of aperture of form a vesicle in form a vesicle smooth
4) after form a vesicle expects agitate is finished, make sure makings of less than general is gone 30 minutes
5) strengthen operation Training Within Industry and management, increase quality awareness of artificial personnel construction
Makings of form a vesicle is checked
After noting an oar to finish seal in time
9
Prefabricated components reinforcing steel bar slants
Reinforcing steel bar slants
? Case study
1) floor concrete irrigates muscle of Xiang Gang of the vertical stroke before building not spacing and fixed
2) floor concrete is irrigated build, brace up pound make deflection of muscle of perpendicular Xiang Gang
? Precautionary measures
1) undertake spacing with casing of fixed position of reinforcing steel bar according to component part number, use appropriately maintain muscle to prop up casing of reinforcing steel bar, in order to make sure position of reinforcing steel bar is exact
2) Tong is irrigated build after ending, arrange graph and spot component foul line or control line according to inserting muscle plane, insert muscle to undertake component part of post of spot obligate fence inserts muscle to have central position review a case in which a death sentence has been passed by a lower court to obligate, insert muscle to should undertake according to blueprint to what central position deviation exceeds 10mm proper corrective
10
Problem of join of reinforcing steel bar
Threaded coupling is out of line
Obligate turn is folded serious
? Problem description
Place of connect of sleeve of existence of join of reinforcing steel bar of cast-in-place node place did not screw, build receive flow at form, reinforcing steel bar serious turn is folded wait for a problem, bring hidden trouble to structural safety
? Case study
1) operation of the worker when sleeve of reinforcing steel bar joins does not reach the designated position
2) spot supervisory management does not reach the designated position
? Handle measure
1) connect of sleeve of reinforcing steel bar is irrigated in platform concrete safeguard is strengthened when building, avoid to cause above have sundry
2) the worker when reinforcing steel bar joins should be adopted clean, oiled wait for measure, make sure sleeve joins quality up to specification asks
3) administrator needs to strengthen spot management, strengthen an examination to every sleeve joint, inspect manage has been done by the station works, engineering department is reinspected seriously, discover the problem is rectified and reform in time
11
Heal mortar is overmuch
Heavy panel of close mouth mortar
? Problem description
Level of the wall outside stair well point seams close mouth mortar overmuch, affect quality of form a vesicle badly
? Case study
1) prefabricated components of this position lower level not tarry tongue-and-groove, bring about horizontal aperture too big
2) construction unit manages neglect one's duty
? Handle measure
1) adopt afresh seal a measure, after declaring processing program examine and verify of department of engineering of inspect manage, Party A to pass, carry out
2) requirement construction unit strengthens spot management, forbidden close mouth mortar brings about quality of form a vesicle to cannot assure too much
3) the technology is normative related perfect NPC, place of mortar of mortar of the ply of mortar, close to close mouth mouth occupies the relevant index such as bulk scale to must have specific provision, so that the spot checks check to receive normative basis
12
Advocate muscle is not inside band muscle
Advocate muscle is not inside band muscle
? Problem description
Body of node office wall advocate muscle is absent the problem inside band muscle, bring hidden trouble to structural safety
? Case study
1) advocate muscle slants
2) length of muscle of band of obligate of prefab processing factory is insufficient
? Handle measure
1) adopt strengthen accordingly remedy measure
2) strengthen spot construction management, avoid occurrence reinforcing steel bar to slant a phenomenon
3) information seasonable feedback gives a processing factory, length is extended outside redesigning band muscle, avoid to produce similar problem again
13
Fold plywood break
Fold plywood break
? Case study
Time of superposition board conserve is insufficient, superposition board has not achieve formulary intensity
? Handle measure
1) requirement construction unit changes to fold plywood eligibly afresh, consider site plan, can issue relevant and special repair plan to sign up for inspect manage, Party A to examine and approve a too junior travel to rectify and reform
2) requirement construction unit strengthens spot management, 100% when fold plywood to must achieve intensity can undertake form removal hoisting
3) inspect manage unit strengthens the spot to check supervisory work
?
Other quality common fault
Besides common fault of afore-mentioned 13 common quality, assemble type construction site to still be put in other issue, such as: Elevation is incorrect, did not detect seriously (can see elevation problem from mouth of a cave) ; Hoisting is non-standard, put in safe hidden trouble; Rubbish does not clear, affect quality of form a vesicle; Finished product is destroyed, finished product was not done to protect after component part is installed, follow-up construction is destroyed by pollution...
Anyhow, should ensure assemble type architectural quality, must make from the quality management that strengthens prefab concrete component, raise prefabricated components deepen design quality, reinforce component part production, pile up, carry and the quality control of each link such as protection of join of spot construction hoisting, node, finished product, distinguish the responsibility main body of each link, raise quality of each link administrator to control the quality awareness of worker of level, a gleam of, accomplish " craftsmanship is built " ability is promoted assemble type architectural health develop.
