One battle of 1. ends hundred years during, return one battle scene
Begin from today, I should bring soul of a shock to everybody, fetching and thoughtful book: England is famous martial historian of John Jigen " one battle history " .
To us, everyday in the morning rhythm is such: Brush brush one's teeth, wash wash a face, eat breakfast, face about goes out, dozen read on open circuit, listen to newest frequency to say a book, begin the new one life of the day. Such day, look flatly light, also can feel painstaking occasionally, but we from beginning to end very rejoice, because most at least, this is the time that a peace flourishs, one does not have the land of chaos caused by war.
But if you are in centenary Where is the Europe before? Circumstance but different. Await in those days, be worth a the First World War, warlike haze enveloped whole Europe, almost every country is devoted into among them. If you are young groups small, can be gone to by the clique front, all the day the nest is in the entrenchment of muddy moisture, dirty smell drag out an ignoble existence, perhaps be in be gotten by scamper in assault the next time badly mutilated; Girl, waiting for nervously in rear area, feed not satiety, everyday be nervous ground looks at list of be killed in battle, leaving the name that him kin, lover, friend saw on a piece of list probably, had not waited for your appearance consenescence what to realize to call day person to always be lain between with respect to body.
The war is so blamed. In fact, such tragedy, be in centenary before every country of Europe, performing everyday. The thin ala that be like paper, cheap is like life trifle, it is the arrowhead that generals draw on the map nevertheless, it is the frosty number on battlefield report, it is one is provided cannot identify on battlefield, the body of unmanned bury. In this war, have death of nearly 20 million person, 2000 much people are injured, how many person does the whole world have again at that time? 1.8 billion person just. Appear, the person that has 2% is direct in the war casualties, and by the person of war of be involved in, it is countless more.
Casualties is heavy, it is the one big characteristic of one battle, another big characteristic, it is one battle the region that affect is very vast, almost every country of the whole world, be involved in this war. Because of the relation of schoolbook, we think normally, the country that enters one battle besides at the same time big profit of the with special care outside flower law Russia, and the United States that attends a war later, namely on Germany adds Austro-Hungary. Actually, ginseng the Warring States is far more than these, still have country or the area such as Turkey, Bulgaria, Belgian, Japan, Romania, Brazil, Peruvian, Thailand, Liberia, India, Australia, New Zealand, still included our China even, government of the Qing Dynasty name for the coastal provinces of Liaoning sent trench of battlefield of the Europe on group of a labor at that time, say China or the victorious nation of one battle. As a whole, 449 countries joined this battle royal, saying is " world war " a bit truly.
So much country attends a war, the battle baked wheaten cake of one battle alls over world each district, on island of the sea bank that is in South America, Pacific, the Qingdao of African llano and our country, erupted intense fight closely. Of course, the the First World War is the the mainest, most miserable the battlefield of intense, still be in Europe. Mount campaign of river of Mu of battle, all alone like Faner, it is at every turn hundred thousands of, the casualties of about a hundred 10 thousand people. Someone says, full generation is European, was in to death on battlefield.
The First World War, let flower, law, heart main belligerent, respective loss 2% to the population of 3% . But more important is, this war brought two very serious consequence.
The first, one battle wrecked the superior move of European civilization. Before one battle erupts, european general and gutty banner the sense of pride at the world, can saying even is quite conceited. This kind of sense of pride, renaissance is come from since, last to 20 centuries all the time. Come 559 years, european go up in corporeal civilization not only be far ahead, also be oneself spiritual civilization and proud, in their world outlook, the person of other mainland, it is backward Goth. But after one battle ends, this kind of proud feeling alls gone. Because of European discovery, of rational before civilization oneself, also meet such insanity, so cruel.
The 2nd, one battle proclaimed Europe is old the crumble that has international situation. After one battle ends, the Europe of several old brand is Caesarean not answer exist, the nation-state break ground with one new crowd and piece. In the process that replaces in this one new old acquaintance, contradictory frequency is sent, european condition becomes even more confused. Mood of animosity, dissension, nation, hand in miscellaneous together, and this, also bury the seed that laid the Second World War.
Accordingly, one battle leaves the mankind endless mental scar, stayed in countless popular feeling hard abrasive bruise, for instance we the author of this book John Jigen. John Jigen is an Englishman, was born 1934, he himself had not entered one battle, but his father and elder brothers and farther-in-law had gone up battlefield. Accordingly, when John Jigen is small still, he often listens to elder to say the past of one battle, the dribs and drabs on battlefield, he be clear at the heart, for the word according to him, although did not go up battlefield, already appreciated warlike essence however. What be constitutionally? To sum up in a word, that is brutal.
Cherish the complex of this kind of bemoan the state of the universe and pity the fate of humankind just about, base root course learns assiduously and with great concentration studies, became an outstanding martial historian finally. This " one battle history " , also be one of his most outstanding work. Good, the word does not say more, let us enter this together " one battle history " , seeing a the First World War after all together is how to happen, this war has much insanity after all,
2. the report of a gun of Sarajevo
Someone says, one battle is impossible to avoid, because of imperialist big powers between each other intrigue against each other, each trying to cheat the other affirms to finally is to want those who rise to work. But our author base however not so think, he says, one battle is not inevitable actually, if everybody is careful dot, bit soberer, one battle won't erupt.
This, actually many people " the heart has Qi Qi Yan " . If you had listened to the program that reads on our road " arrive from Si Mai ining order to Xitele " , still should have impression, before one battle erupts, although Europe had formed issue of two main forces affined, start armament race greatly, but both sides been wantinging to want ground of real swords and spears-the real thing to do on one. Anyhow, the condition 1914, look a war to be able to erupt at any time namely, but actually nobody dare start work.
In the condition that can look very quiet in this kind unluckily, an unexpected assassinate incident, changed the course of whole history.
This assassinate incident happens in Sarajevo, namely the capital with black today wave. This wave is black be located in a the Balkan peninsula, namely famous " powder keg " , at that time, wave is black still call Persia the Buddhist nun inferior, at first is belonged to famous " European sick man " Aosiman is Caesarean, it has the neighbour of two very disturbed cent, one is Saierweiya, another, the European old man that is at that time Austro-Hungary.
The Saierweiya at that time resembles a bit small mix, putting the right way not to go, slant like to get some of crooked means. Imbroglio of domestic economy politics, external dilate is same however do not fall, the Persia Buddhist nun to door mouth inferior, saierweiya is early with respect to covet 3 feet. Be in however its be eager for doing sth when, austro-Hungary is one-up however give this Ga La occupied.
The duck that thoroughly cook flew, do you say gas does not enrage Saierweiya? At that time is the time with fervent nationalism, extreme people thinking runs rampant everywhere, come so, a strong ethical sentiment that is hostile to Austro-Hungary, begin to diffuse in whole Saierweiya. Actually, it is Saierweiya not merely native scream painly, the clansman of a place of strategic importance that connects a Siniya also is scream painly. Below such setting, one has " Dasaierweiya creed " the violent organization of setting was born, this is famous " company of a vicious person manipulating sb or sth from behind the scenes " .
From the point of today's angle, this " company of a vicious person manipulating sb or sth from behind the scenes " it is a fact make solid horrible organization. Its politics appeals to beg, it is Rangbosiniya and Saierweiya amalgamative. Its correct, it is Austro-Hungary. And its method, besides assassinate even if explode, anyway how wild how to come.
Nevertheless, company of a vicious person manipulating sb or sth from behind the scenes namely the small tissue of a few people, look to also be lifted do not remove what billows. But the summer 1914, this side person is capture unluckily to the opportunity.
In June 1914, press a convention, the army of Austro-Hungary should do exercise, this, they select drill site in Persia Buddhist nun inferior, on June 25, the Huang Chufei of Austro-Hungary enlighten south big fair will visit Persia benefit inferior inspect. The message comes out, company of a vicious person manipulating sb or sth from behind the scenes follows crack with teeth in mouth like medicine, be no good excitedly. Persia Buddhist nun inferior the member of churchyard prepares an ammo at once, saierweiya the member of churchyard, each crosses border, run to Persia benefit inferior the Sarajevo that visit government office, preparation strikes one bank note big.
Company of a vicious person manipulating sb or sth from behind the scenes looks it seems that very be sure, nevertheless south Fei Di big fair also not be abstain from eating meal. This person accepts rigorous martial training as a child, the largest interest takes a gun to hunt namely, had hit crocodile, had played a bird, still had hit a tiger, sea land empty completely. The key is, south Fei Di big fair marksmanship is very good still, light is a deer, he beat dead all one's life 5000. Say so, if if take gun PK face-to-face, how may those terrorist be his adversary?
Nevertheless, south Fei Di big fair going out this is a visit all right, not be to hunt, what the gun did not have on the hand is big fair, look very terrible big cat only namely. When when he arrives at Sarajevo, the assassination of company of a vicious person manipulating sb or sth from behind the scenes maniple also be all set. This assassinates maniple altogether to have 6 people, everybody planned handgun and bomb, prepare a Fei Di south big fair to one-time kill.
Of course, paper does not include fire, be in early Feidina is big fair before arriving at Sarajevo, the government receives Saierweiya information, those who was informed company of a vicious person manipulating sb or sth from behind the scenes is put-up, informed Austro-Hungary of the government instantly. Can be, large public the slightest amount or degree objects south Fei Di, still do not change one's profession Cheng plans, on June 27 this day, big fair carry a wife to take car of an open sail to arrive at Sarajevo. Want to know, the following day, namely on June 28, to Saierweiya is a very special day for the person, 1389 on June 28, saierweiya defeats Turkey of aggressor of people not of the same clan, from now on open ethical suffering course, this day also became the national humiliation day of Wei Yaren of Er of a place of strategic importance. Your Feidina is big fair, as an aggressor, in day of family national humiliation swaggeringly in the street shake from side to side, it is undoubtedly a match is dropped in boiling oily boiler.
Then, feidina is big fair car leaves after going out before long, assassinate maniple to also began to act, just began, because the position is bad,not be, there is a police on the edge namely, assassinate person dare not start work. Later, on the road that leaves for governor mansion in the car, a terrorist to cast of car of big fair couple a bomb, but bomb rebounds from the back the bottom of a car, scamper hurt to follow march official.
Although produced assault, did not prevent Feidina however big fair journey, he heads for destination city hall as before, published an address. After the end, the official gets hurt toward hospital visit before big fair couple, who expects, the driver made a mistake however course, turn around in car halt that one moment, lin Xipu of general of terrorist of a hidden, carrying a revolving pistol, develop Fei Di directly south big before fair car, open a few guns repeatedly to phut of phut of phut of big fair couple. Because the distance is too close, the accident is abrupt, 2 people of husband and wife are dead on the spot. This is famous " Sarajevo incident " .
Murderer general Lin Xipu is seized on the spot, in Yu Yu dying later. As a nobody, pulinxipu's doing, the likelihood also is show off only temporarily fast. But he is not guessed absolutely, guess impossibly also, his so a few guns, will change the destiny of person of a few countries, a few ten million and even whole world.
3. reconciles failure, declare war is inevitable
South Fei Di big fair by the message of assassinate, astonish whole Europe. Almost everybody's look is staring at this small the Balkan peninsula, do not know what to can produce next.
Without doubt, most first the mood explodes, nature is Austro-Hungary. Who can think of, successor of oneself prince, regius issues the emperor of generation namely, so in exotic an alien land, was beaten dead in the street.
The fury of Austro-Hungary, arrived with respect to combustion directly Saierweiya. But Saierweiya government also very grievance: Eldest brother, you this is to treat unjustly me! The first, your home is large fair be in Persia Buddhist nun inferior be beaten dead, this is you oneself domestic domain, it is you divine impartible cut one share; The 2nd, although killer is Wei Yaren of Er of our a place of strategic importance, but again our government is not incited, and, after their cross the boundary illegally, we inform you want to notice! In the final analysis, still be you the home is large fair undeserved return a responsibility!
Such answer, austro-Hungary 100 dissatisfactory, they assassin people carry come out, a trial, beat of adscititious cruel torture. Very fast, got a few crucial information: The first, assassin people training is accepted in Saierweiya; The 2nd, assassin people the armory that firearms ammo is Saierweiya completely makes; The 3rd, assassin people when crossing border, saierweiya's frontier defence army still help in that; The 4th, namely a bit the most important, this helps the eldest child of assassin, be the officer of a Saierweiya.
These a confession, say those who have an affair with to hold out. Want to say this assassinate has nothing to do with with Saierweiya, ghost is not believed; But want to find the irrefutable evidence that governmental plan assassinates Saierweiya, it is so easy to also be done not have. Then both sides begins to dispute over trifles, one says even if you kill, it is you it is you! One says to have nothing to do with me, you cannot treat unjustly good person! Pull sb about does not have a result, austro-Hungary does not plan to continue to waste time, through an in-house fireworks, they decide finally: Should give Saierweiya a few facial expression look, namely appeal to arms.
Of course, want armed strength action really, austro-Hungary becomes very careful again. Although Saierweiya is small, also not be good offend, biao Han of folkway of this country always, legionary style is very tough, in a coup before 10 years, legionary king child killed, return a body hew, lost from the window go out, that picture, indeed cruel and disgusting.
Of course, the word says, with respect to Er calculating a place of strategic importance Wei Yawu installs a tooth, before the powerful Austro-Hungary of old brand, it also is not adversary absolutely. So, what is Austro-Hungary afraid of after all? They are not afraid of Saierweiya, worry however offend wool the old man of its backside -- Russian.
Want to say Saierweiya and Russia are lain between not nearly also, what can there be to concern between them? Actually very simple also. These two countries are Si Lafu nation, devotional is the Othodox Eastern Church. Muscovite, like to boast oneself are the old of nation of all Si Lafu all along, saierweiya also wants to look for a fierce eldest brother. One wishs to hit to wish to endure, two countries signed affined agreement early, muscovite became Saierweiya's backer.
Hit Saierweiya, be destined to want to offend wool Russia. Then, as European condition evolve, the contradiction of Austro-Hungary and Saierweiya, became Russia abstruse between right definitely. To this, austro-Hungary very do not be at ease, found ally Germany, ask oneself brotherly manner. Germany expresses: Brother, you are hit casually, gave what job, we help absolutely!
Meanwhile, russia also found his another ally France, each other exchange a view. Result French expresses: Eldest brother, you should break the word that helps grandchildren then, we carry you on the head!
Bilateral each somebody back up, also swung wing to work. Austro-Hungary swings to Saierweiya to treat an opinion, it is ultimatum almost. With the word very proud, requirement one big a large bamboo or wicker basket, include to close down and be banned turn over abstruse organization, abolish turns over abstruse official, delete from schoolbook return abstruse content, be in abstruse square " directive " truths of next investigation assassinate incident, suppress oppose abstruse activity, etc.
Diplomatic note, saierweiya is astonied, each official assembles in, spread out a harangue. Somebody shout this treaty too lose face, still be inferior to fighting, but major person thinks, should be being hit had been not hit for certain, be inferior to compromise. Discuss finally, besides do not accept Austro-Hungary so called " directive " , other opinions, wei Yadou overall accepted Er of a place of strategic importance.
Say by the truth, saierweiya is in all the time concessional, but the Austro-Hungary of this moment loses patience already. Submit a return in Saierweiya when, on July 28, ground of burn of already precipitant fire opened the army of Austro-Hungary border land of abstruse a place of strategic importance, the bang in bilateral Pi the ground was hit. This is the first report of a gun of the the First World War, it is proclaiming whole Europe, be about to step by a definite date 4 years Tartarean career.
Open of 4. the beginning of a war, whole Europe devotes into a war
After Austro-Hungary declare war, russia began a war very quickly to arouse, preparation goes out for little younger brother at a heat. But what everybody did not think of is, right now the most excited, it is the Germany that with these ghost 8 bamboo pole hit the place to be not worn however. Original, german making dream of a powerful nation all the time, that should square thoroughly namely Russian man and French fellow, seek hegemony then complete Europe. To achieve this goal, they were made early " Shilifen plans " , the core content of this plan, mass very preponderance minitary force namely, laxative remedy country is taken inside a few weeks of time, had turned around to come next, the Russia with slow rate army to eliminate thoroughly. Since Shilifen since planning formulate, german all day long is intoxicated in the dream, the opportunity came nowadays, soon heart volition seeks hegemony the world is before, are they not excited?
Of German face each other that, the French also is excitement gets scream painly. Since general law war since failure, the France of cede territory and compensate is worn early with respect to the dream, can hit German firm one day, avenge. For this one target, france was made afresh fight plan, spent a lot of time to develop martial person with ability again, rectify armament. To realize respective dream, both sides happens to coincide the ground plans the military affairs to be aggression, aggression and reentry to attack surely.
This moment, only alone British status is the most ambiguous. The Englishman expresses, if pron yourselves is hit on his domain only,hit, I stand with respect to one hit the point, you love how how. But if you if who dare move neutral Belgium, challenge my British and Caesarean bottom line namely, do not blame our you're welcome. England issues a warning at the same time, also begin miniature ground to use a force at the same time, preparation meets a challenge.
Respecting this you should ask possibly, is that troubled by accident Saierweiya at the beginning? It there how? Hey! Who is in charge of it! The look of the whole world, early from this bullet Xiaoguo, turn to European other place. such, one attracts the business that give in the the Balkan peninsula, became the big battle royal that spreads to whole Europe.
This big battle royal, be in at the beginning, it is the whole people almost participate in, atmosphere is very enthusiastic. I dare not say the man likes to fight, but many male, see the United States is big piece in violent warlike scene, most propbably also is adrenalin violent wind rises, a bit excited. Yes, eating melon masses at that time also think so.
So, although politicians are right warlike be in a state of anxiety, but masses eating melon has wished to take the barrel of a gun with respect to go into battle. At that time, the home such as Germany, France, Russian, Austro-Hungary, masses eating melon emerges in succession street, rip-roaring, celebrate, sing loudly patriotic song, perhaps stick banner and placard in central square of the city, one does not fall. Sign up the person that join the army is not little also, draft center person is completely suffer from.
Spirit of heroic creed dream, patriotism and nationalism mood, had let people send mad. Besides, look in the person at that time, go be a soldier fight, put on a military uniform, that has man lofty quality very much. So, be being returned in Russian, Germany no matter is British France, the discharge that the soldier is at that time stars, it is all sorts of cerebral damage pink everywhere. Be a soldier no matter take place of which Ga La, the girl serves flower and sweet kiss. Everybody has hope very much, it seems that the war has not left dozen had won.
such, in the gunfire sound of rumble, 1914, as derailing train, those who be fully loaded with the mankind is crackers, sail to unpredictable distance. Step entrenchment taxi arms, it is young mostly groups small, some people are less than 20, some people just 20 odd, each is wearing neat and unified uniform, of all of one suit is puerile face, be enmeshed in a kind of excited mood that is similar to travel, before setting out all leaving, it is to resemble go vacationing. Many soldiers feel, dozen it is OK to was over to battle come home to reunite with parents, cross the Christmas with lover passion.
Be them too innocent? Person, the limit that surpasses historical experience very hard goes foretelling to did not come, a lot of people feel at that time, fight, things! The general law war 1870, intense? Is scale large? Did not hit two months to be less than? Fight this, reckon is worn the month does a much one or two decided, most, also the time with respect to 3 months half an year!
Who can expect, the history goes to 1914, the crooked pitch of human war, already not was 1870 far at that time can compare. No matter be weaponry, still be legionary dimensions, and strategic tactics, experienced to change large-scaly. This war, will compare the past all wars want cruelty. However, all did not realize soldiers this, natural also nobody can do good psychology to prepare.
The move that takes French soldier is installed for, the French pursues romance and style all along, soldiers are worn very daintily also, especially cavalry, what brass helmet, mane makes panache, red cape, blue is tight jacket, protect body cuirass, blood-red lubricious trousers, that color, blind eye of Dou Liang of 800 meters of above, whole way army legionary, resembling is to attend the slippery iron Lu of last centuries. Dogface, more no good, each grows the close leg pants of long blue coat, amaranth, a place of strategic importance enters thick long canister boots, return pure woolen goods. Altogether, these soldiers more resemble going to Rome going vacationing, is not the war that goes hitting a new era. What these poor soldiers do not know is, the actor's costumes with this good-looking body, will be how conspicuous on battlefield, and a lot of people in them, will cover beautiful dress because of this and desertion life.
But who is met again expect all these? Altogether, everybody still is using the old method of 19 centuries, go answering the new war of 20 centuries. And this, will let them pay heavy price. Good, male lion already went out, wait for fight closely only. So the the First World War is specific circumstance, what kind of will be? And listen to next answering to decompose!
