Civil: Wang Jianbin is read history columnist
The crackajack contributor of latter-day nation heavy industry, late Qing Mingchen, zhang Zhi hole.
Weever 4 cheek, exclusive Song Jiang one government office.
Crab 8 sufficient, a poetic name of China of infestation the world.
Know the person of this two pairs, know this is Zhang Zhi the hole arrives loose river government office is small take illicit a story that visits time.
Zhang Zhi hole, sign is welcome billows, embrace glacial old person from date, south leather person, the main delegate person that Qing Chaoyang Wu sends. Middle school of political view " is body, western learning is with " . He is afterwards after Ceng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, the leader figure of Westernization Movement, made the contribution that initiates a gender for heavy industry of the Chinese nation and the development that reach recent war. He pays attention to education and public security, dominant China's latter-day police system, have very big effect to the education of clear minor details and social progress.
Solve in Zhang Zhi hole is 16 years old yuan, treat 2 years together, the explore in 27 years old is beautiful, award courtyard of member of the Imperial Academy to make up long, shanxi make one's rounds is had successively held the posts of to stroke after, the duty such as chancellery of lake wide governor, military plan,
Zhang Zhi hole has famous remark: "All one's life has 3 not to contend for: One not with laic dispute benefit, 2 do not contend for a name with bookman, 3 not with meaningless person try to make a good showing. The job with formidable the world, the Yu Tian that effect waits, aspire holds be in already civilian. Annals decides force firm, have effect oneself considerable. The middle school is body, western learning is with, the middle school treats body and mind, western learning should affairs of human life. Revitalize education, surely first wide store normal school, persons qualified to teach not apply, the school why flourishing. The school why flourishing..
Zhang Zhi hole flows for Qing Dynasty first, with dare remonstrating with famed, so-called " ox horn " , fighting capacity is very crude fierce.
Kind happiness mother of an emperor needs the person of a Ceng Guofan type to assist her very much at that time. Through overthrowing east betray one's country of Chong Hou of countryside massacre, mechanical resistance, turn the set such as case of injustice of the door that answer midday major event, ci Xi more and more value Zhang Zhi hole. Because she goes up from the body of Zhang Zhi hole, saw one the individual's sign, that is Ceng Guofan.
When the Opium War erupts, foreign aggression of care of big clear home, put sb in a very important position of path smooth emperor Ceng Guofan. Ceng Guofan does not lose great expectations, established extraordinary service, between one night by 4 taste Guan Sheng to be 2 taste a high-ranking official, raise 4 level repeatedly. Ceng Guofan gets Huang En greatly, tell favour graph newspaper, he was become not only suppress the peasant such as the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.established by Hong Xiuquan during the Taiping Revolution. the largest of pleasant uprisings in China's history the number one hero of uprise army, also became the chief of course of study of initiate foreign deal with concrete matters relating to work, rank first of resurgence name official, the stability that is big clear country and prosperity made graven contribution.
But, ceng Guofan is in for imperial court make contributions while, also brought the hidden trouble that cannot ignore to Ci Xi: Imperial court high-ranking official is counteracted in saving superintend and director to stroke each, have quite one part person comes from Ceng Guofan " Hunan is " of the pupil Li Hongzhang with him " the Huaihe River is " . Ci Xi cannot hold the post of interest of this two groups to develop without limit, she belongs to herself in choose all the time " Ceng Guofan " , and Zhang Zhi hole is the most appropriate person selected. When Zhang Zhi hole is handling a major issue, hold to a principle not only, stand fast justice, mature still of Ci Xi experience, ci Xi decides abnormality promotes Zhang Zhi hole.
June 1881, ci Xi resembles in those days smooth emperor abnormality promotes Ceng Guofan in that way, let Zhang Zhi hole by from 4 tasted member of the Imperial Academy courtyard serve says scholar, rise directly for from man of serve of 2 tasted ministerial bachelor, the Ministry of Rites in feudal China. Between one night, zhang Zhi hole raises 4 level repeatedly.
Before the history with too slow preferment of half a lifetime was gone forever eventually, zhang Zhi hole begins the noble life of the half a lifetime after entering. He had waited nearly 20 years.
On October 16, 1881, he received the one paper of the imperial court to appoint: Take up the post of Shanxi make one's rounds to stroke. Make one's rounds is stroked be equivalent to a governor. Before remembering 20 years, zhang Zhi of a group of things with common features elder brother 10 thousand ever said to him: "Your article is written extremely marvellously, idea also is very good, do not pass these good idea, when still waiting for you to will become Feng Jiang old official henceforth, come true again. " nowadays, he realizes the dream that does Feng Jiang old official eventually, he has the political ideal of have one's bosom filled with and ambition, large like ship Yuan Hang, will come true to the top of one's bent.
Zhang Zhi hole established Wu Changmeng of school of school of self-improvement school, 3 rivers normal school, Hubei farming Wu, Hubei raises school of craft of courtyard, Hubei, Ci Enxue hall (south leather county the first middle school) etc. The predecessor that Zhang Zhi hole is southeast university -- the author of school of 3 rivers normal school, the originator of school of Chinese advanced normal school, author of Chinese nursery school (the first kindergarten, anthology hired 3 Japan nurse) .
Exert oneself of Zhang Zhi hole gives aid to ethical industry, for Wuhan from latter-day the prosperity since laid a foundation. He early or late the enterprise of heavy light industry such as bureau of filature of bureau of weaving of colliery of hill of armory of open Chinese in relief ironworks, Hubei, saddle, Hubei, Hubei, prepare to construct reed Chinese railroad. He chairs build senior bank of fierce prosperous north and south and senior bank of the lake after Chinese mouth, eliminate flood, delimit the Wuhan at the beginning of 20 centuries the urban dimensions of 3 towns and today's Wuhan city close, at the same time supportive nation entrepreneur is held manage the modern municipal construction such as water and electricity.
Zhang Zhi hole is the person with a distinct personality. Often worthy is such, the advantage is very outstanding, defect is very outstanding also.
Zhang Zhi hole is a job mad. The job rises often all night until dawn, day and night, serious talk is he works overtime finish.
Zhang Zhi hole also very magnanimous, can tolerate with others, in abdomen of prime minister in feudal China can punt. His door lays the person that has all sorts of school point of views. Stature of Zhang Zhi hole is short, two main assistant are short also. A painter painted a piece of picture, the problem is " 3 a short person " , draw very picture, hang in inn of calligraphy and painting. After Zhang Zhi hole knows, did not get angry, call a person to buy the painting however, say to be drawn well.
Zhang Zhi hole is very conceited, often person of create difficulties for sb.
Zhang Zhi hole returns Ceng Diao the Liang Qichao of sad one's early years. According to legend, when Liang Qichao discourses on an academic subject to Wu Chang in those days, ceng Mu name visits Zhang Zhi cave. See the other side is very young, zhang Zhi hole this evening is clear " explore spends " slowly path: "Hear of a gentleman talent is 8 bottles high, learn rich 5 cars, an old fellow like me wants to consult consult. I had given one the first line of a couplet on a scroll, cannot find appropriate the second line of a couplet all the time, want to ask you to be opposite a the second line of a couplet. " the first line of a couplet on a scroll of Zhang Zhi hole is: "4 water river the first, summer of the four seasons the 2nd----The gentleman comes Jiang Xia, who is the first? Who is the 2nd? " nature of unspoken words in a play left to the understanding of the audience or reader is " an old fellow like me the first " . Blurt out is opposite young Liang Qichao a the second line of a couplet: "3 teach Confucianism advanced, 3 ability person is in hind -- boy this Confucianism person, is He Gan advanced? Is He Gan in hind? " means is: I this scholar still knows to respect elder, hereat " is He Gan advanced? " but will look with genuine ability and learning, I may return summary prep above your a respectful form of address for an old person, so can ground of not decline to shoulder a responsibility " is He Gan in hind? " it is good that the hole listened to great-hearted Zhang Zhi to say assist is opposite repeatedly.
Zhang Zhi hole loves to raise a cat. Bedroom middling has a cat, zhang Zhi hole often is fed to them personally feed.
At that time person, clear minor details has " 3 massacre " : Yuan Shikai likes to fight, person " person massacre " ; Cen Chunxuan likes impeach government official, person " government-owned massacre " ; The point that place of Zhang Zhi hole reachs, construction expenses is very much, person " money massacre " . Zhang Zhi hole also is Ci Xi props up the in order to that rise contends the anybody of force of Hunan army He Huaijun. He has the knowledge of certain deepness to western politics, economy, science and technology, but advocate with what differ with hold of radical and improved clique, adopt to revolutionary partisans suppress a manner.
Zhang Zhi hole praises Zun Zongtang supervises and direct all the time Xinjiang military affairs, faithful brave is laudable. Mother of an emperor of happiness of kind of proposal of Zhang Zhi hole strengthens southeast the sea is prevented and northern part prevents force on the west, and submit a written statement to a higher authority recommends Yu Lin of Peng of commander in chief of division of Hunan army water, can becomes this.
Zhang Zhi hole assumes period of Feng Jiang old official, china experienced serious foreign menace 3 times: Sino-French war period, zhang Zhi hole holds the post of two wide governors, prepare pay, mix arms, object withdrawing troops make peace. In Sino-Japanese the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, he and capitulator and prevailing war party are different, realise Japan is right tremendous ambition of China, put forward " move the capital to another place, diligent king, loan, purchase ship " view. Become medium in laborious scandal, he advocates to the utmost suppress justice with the group, settle dispute through diplomatic channel.
With Lu Hantie the build of the road is chance, zhang Zhi hole is " graph self-improvement, drive foreign aggression; Draw a financial power, in putting, learn " , promote industrial, do education, Lian Xinjun, should trade war, persuade farming mulberry, new city, big thrust to go " Hubei is new politics " , make Wuhan becomes heavy industry base of the whole nation very quickly. A few home's influential civilian battalion enterprise arises in succession.
Build of Zhang Zhi hole China uses iron ore of open air of recent technology exploitation the first times -- iron ore of big smelt metal. Zhang Zhi hole gives orders to develop big smelt metal early or late colliery of hill of saddle of summer of colliery of 3 rock coal mine, of Taoism priest Fu, river and coal mine of Jiangxi duckweed country, founded our country latter-day the first integrated iron and steel works. Its building, indicating China is latter-day of iron and steel industry arisen.
Besides, zhang Zhi hole still founded home of our country head is the war industry plant with complete interconnected system -- Han Yangbing factory, "Han Yang is built " from now on famed the world, han Yang musket was the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan to make enormous contribution, main effect has in construction of Chinese recent war and national defence.
Zhang Zhi hole learns enthusiasticly to Japan, before he sends hundreds person of student, past Japan studies abroad, send this f
