The United States is the world go up most the country that develop, system of its provide for the aged also is very perfect, it is many national study and me-too object. But, every country has the distinguishing feature of every country, pension system of the United States cannot take our country to copy copy word for word.
Pension system of the United States is 3 pillar actually, pass the endowment insurance fund that individual, company prepares to establish jointly. Actually also our country wants to build this.
The first pillar, it is social security plan.
6.2% what collect individual pay total wages through the means of social security duty, the enterprise also is assumed 6.2% .
1. covers a range. Social security plans to enclothe the United States the obtain employment personnel of 94% . This our country differs or be not Chang Yuan, 2018 personnel of obtain employment of end whole nation is seven hundred and seventy-five million eight hundred and sixty thousand person, ginseng protect a worker to have three hundred and one million and forty thousand person only, primary endowment insurance covers the worker the face is 38% .
2. pay cost and emeritus means. Social security duty of the United States is to be collected compulsively, but also pay attention to fair sex. 1130 dollars write down every pay dot 1% , accumulate one year at most 4% , if scrape up deals with emeritus formalities quite to 40% ability, need capture to expend 10 years the least that is to say. The United States establishs upper limit of the top salary that pay tax. Our country is social security capture cost base is to hold 60%~300% cardinal number between, pay expenses fixed number of year needs the annuities that get 15 years, it is with time accurate.
The system was collected to had perfected hundreds of years in branch of American duty Wu. Power of duty Wu branch is very great, want to default national imposition, it is impossible simply. "You can hide pass a police, but do not hide to spend duty Wu official " . Our country taxation asks for capture to still have the space of farther promotion.
The emeritus age of 3. United States is agile, 62 years old arrive 70 years old. Be in early 1935, the United States stipulated 65 years old are the age with should retired old people. 20 centuries 50 time, the United States installs the earliest emeritus age to be able to shift to an earlier date, corresponding nevertheless pension standard should be reduced 70% . If defer is emeritus, pension standard also can rise, highest be 132% . The United States begins to carry out defer from 2000 emeritus policy, raise left and right sides of a month every year, to 2027 general takes the emeritus age of sum annuities, lengthen from 65 years old.
The data of person company department showed the basis 2012, average emeritus age has the throughout the country 53 years old only. The emeritus age of such difference, pardonable pressure of our endowment insurance fund is very great.
4. salary standard. Computational annuities when, want first with 35 years of highest gross income average computation gives amount of cost of real perhaps pay every months income, the interval that belongs to according to place of every months of income is calculated.
Extend above all 90% of 767 dollars; If every months of income is in 4624 with 767 dollars between, additional extend every months income is decreased 32% of 767; If wage income exceeds 4624 yuan so additional extend every months income is decreased 15% of 4624. The top level of annuities is 2605 dollars, can change every year.
The 2nd pillar, it is pension plan.
Basically be plan of public sector pension actually (CSRS and FERS) , still employer annuities plans (401K) . These two annuities plan to there also is corresponding peculiar name in our country, be called respectively " professional annuity " and " enterprise annuity " .
The 2nd pillar belongs to compensatory annuities mechanism, can differentiate to expend determinism for pay determinism and capture two large categories, two kinds of annuity of our country belong to pay cost to finalize the design truly.
Annuity plans to enclothe 49% what make an appointment with population of American obtain employment. In annuity of our country profession the plan covers personnel of institution of about 30 million mechanism, enterprise annuity plans to cover staff of about 23 million company, but the obtain employment personnel of our country is as high as 776 million, enclothe rate have 6.9% only.
The 3rd pillar, it is individual pension plan.
Basically be him individual actually buy endowment insurance. In May 2018, our country is in Shanghai Fujian and area of Suzhou industry garden are pilot executive duty is delayed model endowment insurance system, pass when buying duty-free the means that when getting, pays tax, go to taxation defer to did not come. Besides, still one kind is called taxation to absolve model endowment insurance, when be being bought already pay individual income tax; When enjoying annuities, do not need again pay individual income tax. Still be duty is delayed of course model endowment insurance more be to one's profit, apply to the laborer of good-paying merely nevertheless.
The dimensions that annuities accumulates
Of American annuities accumulate dispute Chang Xionghou. Invest association statistic according to the United States, end dimensions of asset of provide for the aged of United States of the 3rd quarter was as high as twenty-nine thousand one hundred and ninety-five billion dollar 2018, be equivalent to in those days 145% of GDP.
Of the endowment insurance fund of our country accumulate: End had balance of accumulative total of fund of worker endowment insurance only 2018 5 trillion RMB, balance of fund of endowment insurance of urban and rural dweller 725 billion RMB, the risk reserve that board of social security fund lays in 2 trillion RMB, balance of enterprise annuity accumulative total 1.477 trillion RMB, accumulative total won't exceed 1.5 trillion dollar. Nevertheless, market of our state estate flourishs quite, total value is as high as 400 trillion RMB, old people also can be passed obtain more annuities with means of room provide for the aged.
The place on put together is narrated, endowment insurance system of the United States still basically is accumulated with the individual actually, the company is subsidiary give priority to, the government does not have overmuch allowance, allowance. We are annual fund of allowance endowment insurance above of 1 trillion RMB. It is two kinds of completely different pattern so, can compare a gender without what.
