[editor's note]
The history is now with reply never-endingly between in the past and communicate. Return historical spot to conduce to us understanding the past, acknowledge afresh instantly and look at future. " Chinese car 40 years " through home 40 senior media people are opposite the reviewing of 40 important matters since reforming and opening mixes line of business of our country car reductive, present a paragraph of when give development of Chinese car line of business true history. Whole book cent is 4 edition piece, lift "" for what " breaks ice respectively " of pattern of change of "" of state of home of drive of "" of the first pillar. This book full text connects company head to send serialize by the net, also can pay close attention to " He Yan to read date of public of car " small letter to read.
Wide bid goes broke cause joint-stock doubt (on) [the first pillar]
Guide language: 1998, guangzhou is beautiful go bankrupt, cause group of domestic and international automobile astonish, pay close attention to even abroad public opinion very, also caused the doubt that develops pattern to the joint ventures. This is unsuccessful case, also be seasonable remind.
Write article ／ Li Suwan
Happy car look forward to is similar, unfortunate car look forward to has each misfortune each. Be in Guangzhou city of commerce of this chiliad unabated, hiding the memory of a paragraph of sadness. 1997, the limited company of Guangzhou beautiful car that be heavily in debt (next weighing that " is wide mark " ) the symbolic value of franc of the １ that be paid by French mark sells, become the first bankrupt China and foreign countries of Chinese joint-stock car company, "Lion " disappears in highway of Guangzhou yellow Bu from now on east.
Once, the trademark of brand of beautiful " lion " is well-known degree, force continuously even in compatriots eye run quickly, BMW. When wind unboiled water rises, beautiful car should climb relation, get in by the back door almost, rely on the ability of a brief informal note that approves especially to buy. However, 12 years free and easy rises and fall, wide mark by fill reach decline, be immersed in car hopeless situation of mountainous of accumulation of difficulty of have enough to meet need of a large number of keep long in stock, capital, debt, can't bear heavy burden finally and go bankrupt, cause group of automobile of China and foreign countries temporarily astonish.
Have the wide bid of support of the people of climate favourable geographical position for a time, why ending can be to wave be like,come loose smoke, become the pen of one defeat utterly of Guangzhou auto industry? Leaf through historical film, the fountainhead of that paragraph of gloomy history mixes backdate orbit.
"Lion " came
Guangzhou, open one of cities littoral as 14, border again HongKong and Macow, advantaged advantage is had on district, it is the forward position of reforming and opening.
On March 15, 1985, guangzhou car plant and France are beautiful, medium believe bank of Paris of firm of banking of Motor Corporation, international, France to be in Guangzhou garden the hotel holds grand signing ceremony, establish wide award jointly, a score of 5 partner not be 46 ％ , 22 ％ , 20 ％ , 8 ％ is mixed 4 ％ . Right now, beijing jeep, on the joint-stock company such as steam masses just held water before long, wide mark and they lift the first climax with Chinese joint-stock car together.
The auto industry of Guangzhou starts not late. Do the memory of vice director Hu Xiangsheng according to auto industry of former Guangzhou municipal government, 20 century 669 time, guangzhou car plant produces car of " of card of " Gong Wei, plant of ovine city car produces light-duty car, the system that make use produces cross-country car to wait, all exploring the way that Guangzhou auto industry develops. But, as a result of the deficient of historical confine and investment, cannot become macroclimate from beginning to end.
1969, van of " of card of Gong Wei of " of put into production of Guangzhou car plant, below the circumstance that demands exceeds supply in the product such as the car at first, ever also sold well a few years, but the technical level because of Guangzhou after all difference is bigger, cannot liberate competition of " of card of east wind of card " , 2 steam " with one steam " , must not keep producing to 1979. To live, guangzhou car plant begins to produce bus since 1980, can solve entire factory worker constrainedly have a meal problem, but because domestic car manufacturer is nodded at that time more, coach also cannot form the strong position of Guangzhou car plant. Below this kind of situation, the factory leader that heads with Factory director Zhang Baihua offers a bold tentative plan -- , introduce a technology, manufacturing car. This to having the capital, 2 cars that do not have technology, 3 unmanned ability at that time for the factory, it is " of " incredible story almost.
However, the person confidence such as Zhang Baihua is sturdy, think auto industry does not conform with international, have great progress hard, they seek a partner actively, the car manufacturer that waits for a country with Japan, United States, Germany, Italy has been contacted, but these international car look forward to do not wish to cooperate to Guangzhou and them. Finally, through concerning the personage's pull wires, france is beautiful be willing to garrison Guangzhou.
In process of a few years of negotiations, condensing various painstaking effort and sweat, include the indefatigable effort of relevant government sector.
Chen Zutao is one of founders of Chinese auto industry, ever held the post of director of union of auto industry of chief engineer of company of Chinese auto industry, China to wait for position, he is in " my car career " talk in one book: "At the beginning of 1985, the Xie Xuanping that Guangzhou mayor holds the post of when comes to Beijing to find me, ask I agree to approve a car to Guangzhou (Pi Ka) project. Xie Xuanping and I am old friend and friend, but approve car project, this can not be a bagatelle. More what is more,the rather that, my individual has no right to approve. Then I tell him, I have no right to approve car project, car project needs a committee of planning to approve. Car project needs a committee of planning to approve..
Xie Xuanping says: "I this project has 10 thousand only, not be what big project, attend a meeting even research? Our Guangdong is in national defence a gleam of for a long time, come a few years, the country is devoted without any projects. Now reforming and opening, total national capital is developing, guangdong economy a copy kept as a record is poor, so difficult, ourselves thinks method looks for a project now, do not want you to take one cent money again, you still block us so, really too let a person understand hard. Really too let a person understand hard..
This paragraph of memory of Chen Zutao, report gives wide mark hard-earned of this joint-stock project. Weichi through much square mutual rich, strive for, concession later, facilitate eventually this purpose is born.
20 century 80 time, chinese automobile industry is immature still on policy and mechanism, the giant and complex partner texture that adds composition of on 5 partner, pattern of respective jumping-off place, management and culture setting all put in difference, these failure that are wide later mark are buried played hidden trouble.
Chief editor comments on:
Church of bureau of wide line out what?
Bureau of wide line out is the pain spot of Guangzhou, say a bit bigger, also be opprobrium. Even if is to regard as today " recall one's suffering and think over the source of present happiness " will show off also may not glorious. Because, this is pair of penalty that violate the rule and original intention. Fortunately sacred favor Guangzhou, gave the chance of error correction, but after be equal to, won't err.
Of wide mark lucky depend on a helper early, have not adversary, did not make great efforts to gain advantage, turn into Pi Ka of the car clever, seized the opportunity of car demand one hungry is not choosy about his food, one handsome block 100 ugly. However, also depend on this unfortunately. Once suffer the wave motion of policy and market to show original shape -- savor the suffering that does not have component foundation, also expose at the same time piece on the blemish that car project prepares to be not worth, go up with Shanghai at least the original intention apart of car project is very far, started to decide prospective destiny.
Industry often takes these two projects to make quite, aim illuminate, development automobile industry must follow the pattern, joint-stock it is a method only, building oneself car to create system and capacity of research and development just is crucial. Cannot take the branch for the root, eager for quick success and instant benefit. Admonish from this, car competition also is product competition merely anything but, however systematize competes.
The crucial point of the problem depends on " homebred change " . Guangzhou on the car regarded pure economic item, did not realize this is the opportunity that compose builds advanced manufacturing industry, and Shanghai regards it the grasper that transforms an industry, held the pharynx and larynx of the destiny. Jumping-off place is different, result also with respect to each different. When wide mark form manhood is produced be fallen into disuse to go out by merciless ground when 150 thousand ability bureau, and go up when year after year of steam people look produces 200 thousand all already homebred. Depend on between their gain and loss the heart is mixed first the strategy.
Because had such lesson, guangzhou is captured again change the opportunity of joint-stock object, slam the door before thinking, from attention character and commodity force proceed with, with " start as synchronous as the world " politic, banner at adversary, strike back absolutely with economic dimensions, begin answer dish, with small gain big, pay attention to systematic capacity construction, catch up with general trends, did not drop out, created the miracle that wide steam high speed develops. Reason someone says, disaster blessing place leans. But careful deliberate, don't this return those who develop a car with introspection is the heart concerned first?
-- Yan Guangming
