The proportion that in elevator the place in complete breakdown holds compares the stoppage of elevator machine system little, but once malfunction, may make growing time stop machine wait for repair or electric breakdown can cause serious equipment and person accident even. Reducing breakdown of elevator machine system further is the target that maintenance technician strives for hard.
① can create component drive position as a result of the breakdown of lubricant and undesirable or lubricant system calorific burn and hold an axis in the arms, create roll or be forced to stop machine repair.
Because ② did not begin daily examination to maintain, fail to check what parts concerns in the drive that discovers a part, scroll and slip component in time to wear away degree and wear out condition, fail to wear away according to each parts degree has right repair, and cause component attaint to be forced to stop machine repair.
③ is running the vibration in the process to cause close solid bolt to become loose as a result of elevator, make component produces displacement, lose original precision, and cannot seasonable rehabilitate, cause grind, touch, crack up parts is forced to stop to repair.
④ differs as a result of elevator balance coefficient and standard too far and cause overload elevator to car crouchs a bottom or develop a top, the limiter of speed when strong top forces elevator with safe clamp movement to stop to move, wait to repair.
2. The breakdown of elevator electrical system is analysed
Elevator trouble is absolutely big the breakdown that coefficient is electric control system. The reason with more trouble of electric control system is many sided, main reason is quality of electric equipment element and maintenance unqualified.
The breakdown of electrical system can divide roughly it is two kinds:
The open circuit breakdown that ① electric return circuit produces. Often can discover electric component enters line and the crimp that give a clue to bolt becomes loose or solder of solder dot empty causes electric return circuit to open circuit or be contacted in circuit undesirable. Must undertake checking repairing immediately when open circuit; Contact bad in the course of time to be able to make fetching or derivative line pulls arc burned-out contact and electric equipment component.
Breakdown of ② short circuit. When breakdown short-circuits in circuit, meet gently burn down fuse, weigh a burn down electric component, can cause fire even. The common machine that has contactor or relay and electric equipment interlink invalidation, the possibility arises contactor or relay is grabbed move cause short circuit. Of contactor advocate when contact puts through or disconnecting, the electric arc of generation makes the medium puncture all round and generation short circuit. Ageing of electric component insulating material, invalidation, be affected with damp be affected with damp also can cause short circuit.
Common breakdown reachs elevator eliminate
(1) power supply of electrified wire netting is normal, elevator does not have express and accommodation train. Main reason:
1) main circuit or the fuse fuse-element that dominate return circuit are burned;
2) voltage relay damages, the contact contact of safe protection switch in other circuit is undesirable, attaint;
3) come via controlling ark wiring terminal the wiring of electromotor wiring terminal, did not receive;
4) all sorts of protective switch movements did not restore.
Eliminate a method:
1) examination main circuit and the fuse fuse-element that dominate circuit whether fusing, whether to install, fuse fuse-element whether clamp reachs the designated position. Remove trouble according to the circumstance of the examination.
2) find out voltage relay to whether damage; Whether is examination voltage relay sucked close, examination voltage relay whether does coil wiring put through; Examination voltage relay the motion is normal. Remove trouble according to the circumstance of the examination.
3) whether does the wiring that checks terminal of control ark wiring reach the designated position; Whether does wiring of box of wiring of examination electric machinery reach the designated position clamp; Eliminate according to examining a case intended.
4) the electric current that checks elevator, overload, weak magnetism, voltage, safe return all sorts of component contact or movements are abnormal, remove trouble according to the circumstance of the examination.
(2) elevator be issued to lower levels is normal, go up without express. Main reason:
1) go up the first, wiring of switch of the 2nd spacing is disloyal, switch contact is contacted undesirable or attaint.
2) go up control contactor, relay is not sucked close or damage.
3) control loop wiring becomes loose or fall off.
Eliminate a method:
1) receive the wiring of spacing switch contact solid, change the contact of spacing switch, change spacing switch.
2) relay of contactor of control of be issued to lower levels the wiring of coil is received solid, change contactor relay.
3) the wiring that loop becomes loose or falls off control has been received
(3) elevator car does not jockey to smooth layer position. Main reason:
1) on, the contact of canal striking spring of next smooth layer inductor is contacted undesirable, lie between dimension of magnetism board or buy of inductor photograph counterpoint not to accord with a standard to ask, inductor wiring is undesirable.
2) go up, attaint of next smooth layer inductor.
3) control loop occurrence breakdown.
4) go up, next directional contactor not restoration.
Eliminate a method:
1) valve striking spring contact has been received, had adjusted inductor, adjust the dimension that lies between magnetism board or inductor.
2) change smooth layer inductor
3) the trouble that eliminates to dominate return circuit.
4) adjust on, next directional contactor.
(4) car runs place to choose floor not throw-over. Main reason:
1) wiring of inductor of throw-over of place choosing floor undesirable or attaint.
2) throw-over inductor and induction board positional dimension does not accord with a standard to ask.
3) breakdown of control loop existence.
4) fast contactor not restoration.
Eliminate a method:
1) change inductor or had received inductor wiring.
2) adjust inductor and induction board positional dimension, make its accord with a standard.
3) the examination dominates return circuit, eliminate to control loop breakdown.
4) adjust fast contactor.
(5) elevator has accommodation train to do not have express. Main reason:
1) the contact of switch of lock of shaft door report of some litter door, door is contacted undesirable or attaint.
2) go up, attaint of next moving control relay, fast contactor.
3) control loop has trouble.
Eliminate a method:
1) tone rebuilds manage layer door and folded joint of litter door report are nodded or change contact.
2) change on, relay of control of be issued to lower levels or contactor.
3) the examination dominates return circuit, eliminate to control loop breakdown.
(6) car moves to did not nod abrupt throw-over to jockey to throw-over. Main reason:
1) open the door knife and collision of gyro wheel of layer door lock.
2) open the door knife layer door lock is adjusted undeserved.
Eliminate a method:
1) adjust open the door knife or gyro wheel of layer door lock.
2) adjust open the door knife or layer door lock.
(7) error of accuracy of car smooth layer is too big. Main reason:
1) car excess load.
2) brake unfinished is opened completely or adjust undeserved.
3) smooth layer inductor and lie between dimension of magnetism board position to produce change.
4) moment of force of apply the brake is adjusted undeserved.
Eliminate a method:
1) forbidden excess load moves.
2) adjust brake, make its clearance accords with a standard to ask.
3) adjust smooth layer sensor and lie between dimension of magnetism board position.
4) adjust moment of force of apply the brake.
(8) there are unusual noise and vibration inside the car when elevator moves. Main reason:
1) guide boots bearing wears away serious.
2) guide boots shoe guide wears away serious.
3) sensor and lie between magnetism board to have collision appearance.
4) turn over bearing of stringy annulus, directive wheel and axle sleeve lubricant and undesirable.
5) slideway is lubricant and undesirable.
6) door knife and gyro wheel of layer door lock collide, or sill of collision layer door.
7) travelling cable blows slideway bracket.
8) drag brings wire rope tension to adjust undesirable.
9) compensation catenary loiter is oriented device or pit ground.
Eliminate a method:
1) change guide boots bearing.
2) change guide boots shoe guide.
3) adjust inductor and lie between dimension of magnetism board position.
4) lubricant turn over bearing of stringy annulus, directive wheel.
5) lubricant slideway.
6) adjust door knife and gyro wheel of layer door lock, door knife and clearance of hole of layer door ground.
7) adjust or bind cable afresh.
8) adjust drag to bring wire rope pulling force.
9) promotion compensates catenary or adjust oriented device.
(9) the elevator after choose a memory and closing cannot be started move. Main reason:
1) interlocking switch contacts report of layer litter door undesirable or attaint.
2) brake holds brake in the arms to fail to loosen.
3) power source voltage is too low
4) power source is broken.
Eliminate a method:
1) repair or change layer litter scrolls pasted on either side of the door forming a couplet locks up switch.
2) adjust brake to make its loose brake.
3) throw again after it is normal to need power source voltage move.
4) repair is broken.
(10) elevator starts difficulty or traversal speed is reduced apparently. Main reason:
1) power source voltage passes low or break.
2) electromotor scroll bearing is lubricant and undesirable.
3) traction machine reducer is lubricant and undesirable.
4) brake holds brake in the arms to did not loosen.
Eliminate a method:
1) check repair.
2) filling oil, clean, change lube.
3) filling oil or change lube.
4) adjust brake.
(11) open the door, close the door leaf in the process shakes, phenomenon of block having card. Main reason:
1) there is eyewinker block inside footplate chute.
2) of condole door gyro wheel prejudicial annulus become loose, with go up too big or the space of bank is too little.
3) condole door gyro wheel and bolt of door leaf join become loose or gyro wheel wears away badly.
4) slideway of condole door gyro wheel is out of shape or door plank is out of shape.
Eliminate a method:
1) sweep the eyewinker inside footplate chute.
2) repair is adjusted.
3) adjust or change condole door gyro wheel.
4) repair slideway door plank.
(12) dc door machine leaves, close reputation of the concussion in the process is too big. Main reason:
1) , close spacing resistor is adjusted undeserved.
2) , close speed limit resistor is adjusted undeserved or adjust annulus the contact is undesirable.
Eliminate a method:
1) adjust spacing resistor position.
2) adjust resistor annulus position to perhaps adjust resistor annulus to contact pressure.
(13) elevator arrives at smooth layer position to cannot open the door. Main reason:
1) fusing of fuse-element of fuse of switch door circuit.
2) contact of switch of switch door spacing is contacted undesirable or attaint.
3) open the door ahead of schedule sensor outlet contact is undesirable, fall off or damage.
4) open the door relay damages or its control circuit to have trouble.
5) belt of door operator drive falls off or rupture.
Eliminate a method:
1) change the fuse-element of fuse.
2) change or repair spacing switch.
3) change or repair sensor outlet.
4) change breakdown of circuit of control of contact breaker, rehabilitate.
5) adjust or change door operator leather belt.
(14) by close pushbutton cannot close automatically. Main reason:
1) the fuse fuse-element fusing of switch door circuit.
2) close relay damages or its control loop to have trouble.
3) the contact that involves a switch of the first spacing is contacted undesirable or attaint.
4) safe edges for doors not restoration or switch attaint.
5) photoelectricity protector has trouble.
Eliminate a method:
1) change fuse fuse-element.
2) change relay or check circuit breakdown and repair.
3) change spacing switch.
4) adjust safe edges for doors or change switch of safe edges for doors.
5) repair or change door photoelectricity protector.
The logic of elevator breakdown eliminates a method
Want to remove elevator trouble correctly, structure and electric control system have the machinery of the elevator that must maintain to oneself to understand and master more in detail. There is the elevator of a lot of models on the world, have multiform control and drive kind, put in certain difference, but the logistic course that they run basically is same. Master the logistic course that elevator runs, can judge the place of breakdown roughly. The logistic course that elevator runs basically is as follows:
Long-range monitoring is in elevator the application in elevator care and maintenance
As the development of science and technology, advanced electron technology used the issue that elevator already was the widely known in elevator industry, the computer should bring the progress of advance rapidly to the application of elevator at elevator, reduced measure of cabinet of dc dynamo, control, machinery to pick a layer implement, traction machine volume is minorrer and minorrer also, reduced computer room area, saved a large number of expenditure, the computer replaces traditional relay the component such as contactor, by contact control arrives to controlled big earth to reduce elevator without contact the breakdown in moving process, for elevator installation enterprise undertakes installing, maintain enterprise maintenance for elevator managing much labor power, material resources and time, for the country managing many energy resources, provided satisfactory excellent service for the user.
The advance rapidly development of science and technology will give elevator long-range monitoring perfect development space is provided in elevator maintenance work.
Current, the monitoring in our country elevator still does not belong to the long-range monitoring on real significance, its main effect is the lash-up processing that prevents to commit a crime and produce fire circumstance to fall, and the seasonable discovery of elevator breakdown and maintenance. The long-range monitoring application in elevator maintenance basically reflects elevator in the following respects:
1. The elevator controller that maintains an industry to elevator offers huge to go to the lavatory
The long-range monitoring of elevator can be an elevator and even about a hundred elevator or more. Controller can pass concentration to get on the screen of control room elevator moves reach state of fault; Can receive equipment to nod different situation to read the elevator that long-range supervisory system gives out elevator to run condition and elevator breakdown message at any time in different ground through his; Controller can be in aleatoric circumstance (or place) deliver means to inform elevator of maintenance technician with contemporary information.
2. Offerred great advantage for elevator maintenance technician
After the instruction that receives elevator to maintain controller when elevator maintenance technician, he can hurry to elevator to maintain project spot in the shortest time, remove elevator trouble with the rapiddest rate. No matter be,dominate news of the reading on the screen of the room from concentration because of elevator controller, still read oneself information that receives equipment to get through controller, the place of elevator breakdown and trouble removal method all were reflected in information.
