The near future, the news with jerry lunch of a Henan elementary school detonated the topic of public opinion, netizens are opposite in succession " can face of a bowl of element also call nutrition eat? Where does the country improve nutrient allowance to go for children? " express doubt.
And the neighbour Japan that serves as us, it is the world go up accepted the best state that becomes nutrient eat, how are they to accomplish those who let the school offer qualification " nutrient eat " can you still be world commend?
Nutrient eat is called in Japan " to feed " system, treat 22 years axiomatically (1889) remove continuance up to now, already had history of more than 100 years. It is to let the child of impoverished family can eat a full meal originally, by school square contributive, collective meat was added in the school.
Nowadays Japan " to eat nutrient food " system, no matter domestic condition how, acquire junior high school as a child, the school is united offer eat to feed. Generally speaking, supply mode to basically have 3 kinds: School interior builds lunch center oneself; Many school is common center of a lunch, deserve to send by dining car; The bag gives the meal of civilian battalion the company outside.
Through the process of a paragraph of long-term development, to feed a system to also evolve to be taught for collective slowly, "Feed Yo " make a kind of special education way of Japanese.
Price of nutrient eat sex is compared very tall.
Be in feed a system to fall, parents need every months to assume only 3000, 4000 yen (amount to RMB makes an appointment with 200 yuan) the cost that feed capable person, take a parent only of average monthly pay 1% be less than. And the charge of impoverished family is assume entirely by the government.
Although nutrient eat is cheap, but the balanced collocation that pays attention to nutrient eat very much however, japanese government is right of the student prandial absorb an amount the requirement is very careful. The level that the content of all nutrition element must measure strictly according to the government will carry out.
The detailed guidelines that Japan announces makes clear, lunch of a school should offer daily place to want calorie for 33% , recommend daily absorb calcic amount for 50% , and recommend daily protein, vitaminic it is with mineral intake 40% , return set even the quantity containing salt of every lunch wants little at 3 grams or half teaspoon.
The meeting on the menu of a few schools makes clear the whole camp nurturance that the place that feed capable person contains to divide, and according to protein, energy or it is vitamin origin undertakes classified, again a bit more detailed, return can listed calorie, protein and the content of a few microelement to wait a moment.
It is no matter which kind of giving eat kind, the school can arrange a nutrient division that has aptitude, state of affairs of the age according to the student, sexual distinction, development and whether to have the particular case such as allergic material, recombine season and place feed capable person, make the cookbook that has specific aim for the student.
Give the lunch cookbook that feed to add milk and fruit to match for mark with staple food, entree, deputy dish commonly.
When every months of menu been make for students in nutrient division, the school can ask the student brings back this menu the home by parent look over. Invite the parent every year to come to the school sample lunch, besides can let the parent understand the child to be outside the dietary situation of school, the major that still can provide a day of 3 food to parents by nutrient division is directive.
Besides, on the announcement column that the school still can be in the school everyday and website fair show the menu that feed and the producing area that feed capable person. Do to the origin that nutrient eat fed capable person that day fair show.
Want to take care of nutrient problem of the student not just, japanese school pays close attention to the student's touchy to some kind of food issue even.
Before term begins, the school can make investigation of a questionnaire to the children of strong enter a school, know the dietary habit of children and the food that whether have allergy. If have,with respect to meeting side its prepare a lunch alone, allow every student as far as possible can safe, healthy diet.
Of Japanology school give feeding a system is cram oneself with food not merely so simple, besides the nutrient requirement that wants long-term consideration children to grow, balance the relation of good taste and nutrition even.
Stem from cost and the consideration of executive standard, meeting choice will wrap a lot of schools to match eat center technically outside school eat. Though be outside bag, but the responsibility that the school also wants bear to control government.
And the center distributing food that serves as the school, the requirement of wholesome respect must compare average dining room many strict. Besides open of basic dry clear span neat outside, to environment, staff member, feed material, traffic to carry wait for a respect to still have other more meticulous requirement.
Environmental respect: Press a demand, center distributing food should be accomplished " dry wet partition " .
Operate area each differentiate very clear, area of the storage that feed capable person, tableware puts area, cooking to machine area and clean an area to be kept apart completely, having firm demand to environmental humidity, temperature.
In all unit process of cargo bandling, no matter be food or cooking utensils, should place by the regulation go up in the platform that exceeds 60 centimeter from the ground. Can cause in order to prevent the bacterium when the floor is wetted by water not only so, also can prevent the water pollution food that have is splashed on the floor.
In addition, center distributing food still can differ according to what feed capable person divisional operation, vegetable, flesh kind, fish must have respective special kitchen, clean, processing also wants " distinction is treated " . Such ability assure to feed the sanitation of material and safety, also can prolong the service life of cooking utensils.
Staff member: Average school matchs eat center to deserve to have about 12 cook, make for school of 8 middle and primary school everyday about 1, 000 lunch.
These chef want to be assessed through strict filtration, must accept fixed check-up every months. Before going to work, must fill in a piece of healthy record sheet, once go out,show any symptom cannot mount guard, will ensure with this healthy state of the staff member.
All employee are in enter cooking before, want the cooking clothing that apparels clean, send cap and guaze mask. The post of different job property, the color of appearance and apron is different also, divisional exercise feeds the alternate pollution between material with avoiding between employee.
To processing alimental employee, the most crucial is to wash one's hands. Before beginning the work, employee must use fingernail to brush clean fingernail interior. Finger points to seam and point to articulatory place to also want to will be cleaned accomplish, clean time to want to assure to be in 3 minutes or so.
In addition, should enter cooking room from outside when, unless accomplish the complete segregation with dust and bacterium, the course is disinfected for many times next " fully armed " , it is to cannot enter an operation otherwise, wholesome standard can say to comparative with asepsis lab.
Feed material cooking: In wholesome control standard of Japan, set what offer when school lunch strictly to feed material cooking method. In school lunch, must accomplish " break unripe " , cannot provide food of raw or cold food namely. All feeding material must be passed heat, ability lets child edible. Even if is vegetable salad, also must be in the hot water of 85 ℃ scald 1 minute, just go with condenser refrigeration next.
To make sure the sanitation that feeds capable person is safe, center distributing food must be in when the lunch that make the ability of before two hours of have dinner time begins to make, and every lunch should undertake taking appearance, number, make clear the time that make, in - 20 ℃ withhold two weeks, regard backup sample as observation, in case once appear when the problem can date from germ.
Traffic carries: If be,give center distributing food the package outside lunch, deserve technically to send dining car to send lunch to the school with respect to need so. Deserve to send cold chain the car can rapid cool food and control control in 10 Celsius. After sending the school, can deposit in last technically undertake administrative in ark.
The optional location that deserves to send a center even also cannot be apart from the school too far, avoid to grow too because of shipping time, and bring about alimental mouthfeel to be damaged.
Divide this beyond, japan still can hold school of a whole nation every year to give feed contest of garden of a cycle of sixty years, every contest is by each the school of government office county attends, held 11 already successfully nowadays, match from the school of rich and colorful choose in eat " Japan the first " , also be much azimuth assessment Japanology school carries out a state to what feed a system.
The player that compares a place of strategic importance is by the nutrition of every school division and chef are comprised. The standard of match choose is rigorous and slashing, each groups of players must finish the nutrient eat of 50 people portion inside very short time, every eat must include staple food, entree, non-staple food, Shang Yi and dairy produce.
And commissioners want pair of nutrition food feed the many sided such as collocation of material, mouthfeel, originality to undertake hitting dividing evaluating. Restrain number to what feed capable person, the content of dressing, after sampling detects, the bacterium that gets on even chef hand even also can undertake making component, from each data assess the center distributing food of which school is behaved optimal.
The standard that feeds a system to let can be carried out strictly, japanese government published a series of law and regulations system, be like " Japanology school health is met law " , " the school gives feed sanitation administration level " , " the basic law that feed Yo " etc, come with this normative students are in the school the safe problem of have dinner. To a few violate wholesome ordinance or be the school that does not have up to mark or enterprise, can get very severe punishment.
Nowadays, of Japan to feed a system to be perfected increasingly, what the meal in the school just has to let child cram oneself with food no longer is healthy, be in Japan, "Eat to also be called a kind to teach -- feed Yo " .
Be in Japan, the school can ask students are in the classroom have dinner. Before have dinner, the president must try beforehand eat same food, after affirming food is safe students ability edible.
The classmaster of a class also must be used together with students eat, because go to the lavatory not only so,take care of a student, still can explain to students about alimental a few knowledge, promote children the acknowledge to feeding capable person.
In lunch process, japanese school more praise highly lets children oneself start work accomplish a few things.
Leave for instance anteprandial, students must the lunch that oneself go to dividing food division to get him classes or grades in school, the be on duty for the day that day is unripe must wear good guaze mask, wholesome frock, admeasure food is in charge of after doing good disinfection to work.
After have dinner ends, about classroom and tableware arranging the job also is will finish by children. Ravel the milk box that drinks abluent put away, cheng Fang replace of alimental bowl basin washs cistern in, clear clean the place such as classroom corridor.
"Have a meal " it is no longer simple and the thing that is a purpose with satiety, the meal that the school prepares meticulously for the child besides ensure outside the fitness of children and healthy state, also can let children experience alimental hard-earned, promote children oneself start work ability, deeper a ground lets them be experienced " cherish " meaning, "Feed Yo " the one annulus that also is the key in teaching culture.
relatively at our country, our country is carried out " nutrient eat " time is not long, 2015, for better improvement rural obligation teachs the student's nutrition, the government gives birth to every everyday accessorial standard raises 4 yuan from 3 yuan, if press a student,in school time standard of 200 days calculates, then every give birth to annual allowance is 800 yuan, this is not brushstroke small amount.
Mention however of student times " school eat " , it is caldron stews sodden Chinese cabbage mostly however in impression, rare arrive without flavour clear water soup, arrive forcedly the white rice of cough up tooth, still can eat half cestode now and then " compensatory " protein is waited a moment, appear nowadays a bowl " element face " be called " nutrient eat " incident, more let parents be this distressed.
Although be on the problem of school nutrition lunch, china just just may start, short-term inside the level that cannot reach Japan probably, but Japan is on the child's health and educational level, still a lot of deserve the place that we are drawn lessons from and learns, manner and consciousness are deciding an outcome, do not let a bowl " element face " the future that destroyed China. . . . . .
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