? The safe hidden trouble with common industry of 300 chemical industry, had received please ~
Safe hidden trouble is chemical industry in production most the element that concern letting a person fears, perhaps be in undesigned, because of certain and unknown factor, cause the harm that cannot offset to chemical person. Give everybody introduction 300 safe hidden trouble with common chemical plant today, include facility, appearance, each respects such as craft, the hope can bring a few helps to everybody.
Facilities facilities
▼ reaction boiler, reactor
1, decelerate engine noise is unusual;
2, on decelerate machine or frame smeary much;
3, decelerate machine is plastic wind Xie Rerong is out of shape;
4, machine, decelerate machine is short of oil;
5, leak of washerbed down the livestock;
6, antistatic ground wire attaint, did not install;
7, relief valve not yearly check, leak, did not establish stage account;
8, thermometer not yearly check, attaint;
9, pressure watch exceeds period not yearly check, attaint or stock jam;
10, key reaction boiler did not use pair of a temperature, pressure to show, the record calls the police;
11, blow up piece expire to did not change, leak, did not establish stage account;
12, explode valve of splintery remove theatrical makeup and costume did not leave;
13, existence explosion danger reacts boiler was not installed blow up piece;
14, temperature on the high side, agitate is interrupted wait for existence unusual step up or strong makings;
15, put a powerful person of the bottom when makings easy jam;
16, stainless steel or acidity of existence of carbolic steel boiler are corroded;
17, charge stipulates the excess load such as limit runs more than;
18, damaged of the enamel inside enamel boiler still is used at corroding, combustible explode easily place;
19, the bravery inside reaction boiler is in erosive damaged at chuck vapour entrance;
20, pressure vessel uses difference of fixed number of year, production quality more than, after be being repaired for many times still leak;
21, pressure vessel does not have nameplate;
22, vacancy date marks or not clear;
23, effective to the reaction boiler of explosive sensitivity fails segregation;
24, important equipment not formulate safety checks a watch;
25, important equipment is short of spare parts or equipment aircraft.
Area of ▼ storage tank, canister, tank car
1, fluid plan faintness or attaint, jam;
2, electrostatic ground wire becomes loose or did not join;
3, flange spacer is in leak;
4, the exalted storage tank such as small platform fails to be secured effectively;
5, safe fluid seals fluid did not achieve a requirement;
6, often control storage tank belt pressing is used;
7, charge sets limit more than;
8, very lukewarm storage tank did not install a thermometer;
9, container occurrence break, still using;
10, suffer vacuum, nitrogen often to hand in change load makes damaged of lay aside canister;
11, dissolvent of low boiling point or liquid gas storage tank get sunshine point-blank;
12, the existence such as canister of the lay aside outdoor carries car to wait bump danger;
13, danger tastes hole of cofferdam of coal tub area to was not sealed;
14, danger changes the area that taste coal tub to defend the bank is sealed not close, random opens a water hole;
15, the shut-off valve that leads to drainpipe is in often leave wait for unsafe condition;
16, danger turns the area that taste coal tub can be lighted or caustic stock exports cop, its bracket did not install condole type to press type bedspring to compensate measure, or use flexibility join short pipe directly;
17, danger changes the area that taste coal tub to was not set ban cause of fire of hatchet man machine, forbidden band, be restricted all sorts of caution cards such as tall speed limit;
18, danger tastes coal tub area not to have leak, send makings operation record and daily go on a tour of inspection;
19, the tractor enters danger to taste coal tub area at will;
20, danger tastes periphery of coal tub area to have bright fire or brushfire;
21, danger tastes room of operation of coal tub district to use the violate the rules and regulations such as kettle of electric stove, report, electric heat board to use phone;
22, tank car is in assemble and unassemble the place does not have ground connection device;
23, the measure that did not prevent to operate personnel to fall from tank car;
24, did not assemble effective block firearm and car besides unqualified (floodlight damages or brake is out of order) tank car enters coal tub area;
25, the safe accessory of canister of tank car lay aside (pressure watch, thermometer, relief valve) without examine date or invalidation;
26, tank car can without lid did not indicate pressure vessel examines next time date;
27, electrostatic towline is not had on can without lid, gas defence equipment or valve leak;
28, mix before discharge the ground connection after discharge is not static buy 10 minutes of above;
29, when tank car discharge, driver, escort in transportation member leave discharge scene, guard personnel without the spot;
30, use open wide type and splash type discharge;
31, make lay aside canister exceeds standard fluid when discharge or full makings spills over;
32, when discharge of chloric ethylene tank car, tube or flange are in leak;
33, chloric ethylene carry is carried when makings, tankful;
34, when tank car outfit measures dissatisfaction, be carried inside the factory for many times and discharge;
35, discharge car starts car for flameout and hand brake apply the brake or discharge midway;
36, when excel in lightning, be struck by lightning is frequent, undertake discharge operation;
37, dot of oilcan ground connection does not have 2 place;
38, assemble and unassemble when benzine, toluene, operation staff did not wear antistatic coverall and antistatic shoe;
39, the section of storage tank store such as liquefied ammonia did not install accident cofferdam and lash-up gush to drench attenuant establishment;
40, the spot did not install lash-up to gush drenchs and wash eye establishment;
41, measure of wrong without preventive makings outfit is like ester of second acerbity second to load benzine chamfer coal tub;
42, stand in solder of benzine bucket electrify;
43, without cleaning, cut benzine bucket or solder storage tank;
44, canister of lay aside of liquefied ammonia, chloric ethylene exceeds outfit;
45, when tank car discharge, jam fire control passageway and embezzlement open trade way;
46, receive the member that expect to leave discharge scene;
47, assemble and unassemble spot use iron is made, plastic the tool that waits for easy generation scintilla;
48, the stock storage tank that sends a workshop by coal tub area did not handle a record.
▼ condenser, again boil implement
1, corrode, ageing of washerbed down the livestock cause leak;
2, temperature of the stock after condensation is exorbitant;
3, layer of heat exchange medium by silty, microbial jam;
4, high temperature surface did not defend;
5, liquid of cooling high temperature (be like 150 ℃ ) when, a powerful person of cooling water pass in and out did not leave, or cooling water capacity is insufficient;
6, evaporator be in the first time when using, quickness warms up;
7, heat exchanger did not consider shock-proof measure, make join with its conduit is caused because of shaking shake leak.
▼ conduit reachs pipe fitting
1, conduit installation ends, in-house solder broken bits, other foreign matter did not clear;
2, the glass that inspect looking glass is not clean or attaint;
3, choose the capable person that inspect a canister qualitative compression, be able to bear or endure lukewarm function is inappropriate, the installation that inspect a canister is improper;
4, inspect canister burst or take for long pressure use;
5, antistatic ground wire attaint;
6, conduit, flange or bolt are corroded badly, burst;
7, high temperature conduit not heat preservation;
8, discharge cartridge igniter makes bent housing;
9, conduit stock and flow direction label are not clear;
10, conduit color patch is not clear;
11, when debugging, different stock is strung together receive valve not blind is dead;
12, deserted conduit clears not in time;
13, position of installation tubal a powerful person or family is small, strike a head easily or operate difficulty;
14, the leak of easy let out such as caustic stock cop, flange did not adopt preventive measure;
15, the existence water, nitrogen, air, vapour likelihood that enters stock cop;
16, edge of high temperature conduit is placed combustible explode easily the metal pail of stock or plastic bucket;
17, conduit or select material of pipe fitting material are unreasonable, perishable corrode;
18, glass provides juice plan without preventive measure;
19, the place of the glass that inspect looking glass that explodes in the likelihood, did not install defend gauze;
20, check valve cannot be moved neatly make or invalidation;
21, a powerful person of dynamoelectric valve power failure, pneumatic stops gas;
22, use hydric wait for pressure conduit to move without regular care and maintenance or in spite of illness;
23, when use pressure conduit, operate personnel without groom or having card mount guard;
24, safeguard personnel to be repaired without aptitude, transform pressure pipeline;
25, pressure conduit solders quality is inferior, have bite edge, stomatic, slag inclusion, not solder is appeared wait for weld defects;
26, pressure conduit did not set safe accessory according to the regulation or safe accessory exceeds period not desired result;
27, pressure conduit did not build archives, operating rules;
28, glassed steel conduit suffers steel tube to wait bump;
29, after craft medium is changed, production still uses existing cop valve to did not consider material adaptability;
30, nitrogen canal and air canal are strung together receive;
31, saline conduit and cooling conduit are strung together receive.
▼ carries pump, vavuum pump
1, pump leak;
2, unusual noise;
3, shaft coupling does not have shield;
4, pump exit did not install pressure watch or check valve;
5, when long-term out of service, did not put the liquid in clean pump and conduit, cause corrode or freeze;
6, when cubage pump is moving, export a powerful person is shut or did not hold safe circumfluence a powerful person;
7, pump inlet tube diameter small or pipeline grows or bend is much;
8, prep above of height of centrifugal pump installation is inspiratory height;
9, did not use antistatic leather belt.
▼ centrifugal
1, the dissolvent that swing filter, did not fill nitrogen or nitrogen conduit jams or the spot can show without flowmeter;
2, when essence of life carbonadoes need to swing filter dissolvent with centrifugal inside the bag, did not install the appearance that measure oxygen and warning decice;
3, sudden skid or with auxiliary tool (wait like punty) brake;
4, centrifugal has no effect ground connection;
5, did not use inside explosion proof area antistatic leather belt;
6, when centrifugal moves, shake unusual.
▼ Shuang Zhui (drier of vacuum of double awl circumgyrate)
1, without defend column and safety interlink device;
2, personnel climbs vacuum bag changes inside Shuang Zhui;
3, transmission leather belt is not had defend;
4, the axis seals leak;
5, a powerful person of the vacuum when vacuum tube road jams or be being used not open.
▼ gas cylinder
1, gas cylinder did not match capsule, bump protection ring;
2, summer of hydric steel bottle is carried, when depositing, without sunshade measure, bring about insolate;
3, partial gas cylinder exceeds yearly check time limit;
4, when acetylene bottle and aerobic bottle are used at the same time, safe span did not exceed 5 meters;
5, with take activator glove Guan Qing to enrage cylinder valve;
6, knock collision gas cylinder;
7, after gas cylinder is used, atmospheric pressure is less than 0.05Mpa;
8, attaint of gas cylinder group and pipeline link, valve;
9, when hydric bottle is used, did not use antistatic device or bad already;
10, aeriform steel bottle did not defend measure;
11, store channel of spatial existence ground, dark line;
12, not ventilated or place of keep in storage is ventilated not free or mordant gas are entered;
13, lack fire extinguisher ability;
14, acetylene gas cylinder is laid use;
15, gas cylinder color is punch-drunk.
Electric equipment appearance
1, the setting inside explosion proof area is not explosion proof electric equipment or control ark is not explosion proof;
2, damaged of glass of distribution room window;
3, distribution is indoor and sundry more;
4, distribution is canal of indoor soda water having evaporate, stock, dust, caustic material, cause the electric equipment inside electric ark old, cause short circuit accident;
5, the mist having sick at heart outdoor corrodes transformer or solvent infiltration or dust are much;
6, control ark or change there is the dress to wait after electric ark sundry;
7, distribution ark is too dated, easy generation short circuit;
8, cable stands by high temperature conduit;
9, the leak such as conduit of stock of periphery of an aerial cable, sewage conduit, corrode sex stock flows into cable bridge inside;
10, the cable that bury the ground is corroded by groundwater;
11, the sewage inside cable well, channel is serious infiltration;
12, cable bridge is corroded badly;
13, ageing of cable protection bushing ruptures;
14, the cable of electric circuit or steel tube are in laid when crossing the wall between different place or floor office hole, did not use be not combustible material to jam strictly;
15, pull an activity to discharge wind in disorder, bring about cable connect to fall off, leakage of electricity;
16, equipment of switch pushbutton correspondence name label is not clear;
17, there is messy and unidentified cable inside the workshop;
18, lash-up floodlight was not installed or bad already;
19, outdoor electromotor does not have shield;
20, operation spot illuminance is insufficient;
21, equipment and electric do not deserve to cover (the calf pulls cart, old ox to pull cart) form electric equipment calorific attaint, on fire;
22, water pours on bridge of electric equipment, cable;
23, explosion proof inspects screw of a shoe-shaped gold or silver ingot used as money in feudal China of lens lamp, floodlight to become loose, light leak.
Electrostatic
1, in combustible explode easily place, reaction boiler, conduit, storage tank, condenser, carry pump, flange, valve not ground connection or ground connection are not bad;
2, in combustible explode easily place, hopper of the body that join white not ground connection, fill nitrogen;
3, exceed safe velocity of flow (V2<0.64/d) carry benzine, toluene, ring the liquid such as personal alkyl;
4, manager of hydric velocity of flow exceeds 12m/s, raise a canal to exceed 8m/s;
5, wait for benzine to enter bottom of lay aside canister or area from exalted gush;
6, when filling nitrogen, different third mellow aluminium, magnesian pink in containing the reaction boiler such as benzine, toluene by n funnel investment;
7, in combustible explode easily place, wear cap of disrobe, shoe and acuteness activity;
8, in combustible explode easily place, use chemical fibber data pull cloth or dishcloth to swab equipment or ground;
9, to the middle of plastic bucket fill holds gas;
10, wash coverall with the dissolvent such as benzine or drag the ground or steel platform, floor;
11, wall of canister of canister of lay aside of steel of stainless steel, carbon was not used solder reinforcing steel bar or flat steel ground connection, exceed 50m2 to have no two place ground connection;
12, existence sends out combustible explode easily aeriform place, did not use add wet wait for the step that eliminates electrostatic harm;
13, suck with plastic pipe expect or install toluene or reclaim toluene;
14, with compress air to carry or agitate benzine;
15, clean area did not use explosion proof antistatic slipper;
16, ground connection flat steel, housetop prevents thunder to take rusty, corrode serious;
17, the metallic equipment of tower above roofing did not solder reinforcing steel bar merges into avoid thunder is taken.
Manufacturing site
1, raw material of keep in storage or waste material are more;
2, the spot " run, risk, drop, leakage " much;
3, heat-insulation layer attaint;
4, be short of defend effectively column;
5, often shut door of type fire prevention to often leave;
6, put have dust (magnesian pink, zinc powder) operation post, clear not in time;
7, hydrogen of metallic natrium, natrium is deposited, did not prevent pluvial measure or useless bucket, useless bag to be deposited at will;
8, fire control passageway jams or all sorts of cop and its bracket hamper current;
9, fire extinguisher is lacked or already expired rustily or fire control belt, fireplug does not accord with fire control to ask;
10, flotsam bucket has much Zhang Biao to sign;
11, strong oxidant (hydrogen peroxide solution, potassium permanganate) pile up go up in wooden wearing;
12, range of steel platform rock is too big;
13, steel platform or steel column are corroded serious;
14, chroma of local district dissolvent exceeds bid;
15, altitude valve handle, punty easy decline;
16, concrete floor shakes big;
17, canopy of the steel outdoor or housetop are sundry much;
18, gas defence equipment expires or invalidation;
19, manufacturing site is deposited have nonproductive appliance (food, newspaper, novel) ;
20, the sunstroke prevention that lacks the summer drops in temperature establishment;
21, winter of conduit of diameter of the canaliculus outdoor not heat preservation;
22, there is urgent shower inside the workshop, wash the sanitation such as the eye establishment or already damaged;
23, car did not install block firearm to enter manufacturing site;
24, combustible explode easily the place can light gas to call the police without installation appearance or malfunction;
25, did not tag equipment canister of reaction boiler, lay aside, pump date and name;
26, big iron gate did not secure plug, once wind makes iron gate brushs a scintilla possibly greatly, cause hazard;
27, storeroom doorsill on the low side, once produce an accident, danger is tasted will outside excessive;
28, manufacturing site ground deposits iron plate, steel tube.
Personnel, field work
1, handle a record without post or operation record is not complete;
2, suck makings, fill outfit, carry caustic article to did not wear protective equipment;
3, existence operation personnel takes off hillock, from hillock, sleep the phenomenon such as hillock;
4, powdery body cast makings post to did not wear dustproof guaze mask;
5, sudden switch valve;
6, statified did not close after a powerful person of boiler, bottom land is statified;
7, statified a powerful person of water of cent of boiler, chamfer leaves too big, oil of the clip in causing water emits into cesspool or catchment time grows too forget to close and run makings;
8, air is put inside high temperature boiler, tower;
9, extraction activator (the carbon that be like palladium, active nickel) the spot scatters more;
10, with punty disclose the stock that jams inside conduit, boiler or use not explosion proof appliance produces scintilla;
11, noise environment was not worn prevent ear implement or earplug;
12, storage tank exceeds pressure use;
13, use benzine, toluene combustible explode easily solvent place, boiler, chamfer did not use nitrogen replacement;
14, soot diffuses, ventilated and undesirable or anoxic;
15, lid of boiler of reaction of belt pressing open;
16, employee has a profession to abstain from or allergy or osculatory poison time grow too;
17, critical valve or urgent switch are operated not easily;
18, in combustible explode easily place, wear take nail shoe or high-heeled shoes, sandal.
Earth is built
1, the well of fluctuation floor conduit that situation of likelihood happening fire spreads does not have precautionary measures (be like flame retardant material is sealed) ;
2, the technology that has explosive risk did not use explosion proof to the wall reachs light qualitative house top or did not consider enough discharge to explode face;
3, passageway and amount of urgent passageway design insufficient or jam or do not have clear sign;
4, workshop foundation already sufferred acerbity, alkaline kind material is corroded, pillar, bridge already was damaged serious;
5, when having strong wind, steel pane is easy fall off;
6, too narrow or stair is steeper;
7, indoor catchment not free or low-lying place are long-term seeper, accumulate oil;
8, passageway or work place, the top of head and ceiling do not have enough space;
9, in unidentified underground cop (conduit, cable) below the circumstance, optional excavate road surface;
10, instrument is close to use large scale computer the subterranean cable, conduit excavation around;
11, when banning the get angry inside igneous area, manufacturing workshop did not send person custody;
12, unusual situation appears in construction (conduit ruptures, leak) , not instantly shutdown undertakes lash-up is handled;
13, the channel of mining, hole, pool the pipeline that wait and destroys, did not set crawl and mark, nightly did not install illume;
14, discover soil is possible cave in or when sliding, did not suspend operation;
15, the measure that did not avoid rise of subterranean empty canister, empty pool;
16, when finishing coal tub, work leaving a pool, did not deal with examine and approve formalities accordingly or not comply with examines and approve a requirement to carry out (if labor insurance things, guardian is fulfilled,wait) , be on guard the exercise below the circumstance that measure did not reach the designated position;
17, when blame earth builds operation, did not deal with " blame capital construction uses industry procedure " or corresponding likelihood wind does not know before exercise, a start working below the circumstance is less than in the safety precaution.
Manufacturing overhaul
1, when undertaking sweep and be overhaulinged inside container, encounter hazardous condition, not urgent escape an establishment or measure;
2, get angry exercise does not have guardian or guardian by employee is held the position of or violate nutation fire recently;
3, excess load hoisting;
4, tool or condole content are not reasonable and fixed;
5, was not deployed or did not apparel protective equipment (safety helmet, safety belt) ;
6, indicate without caution or the mark is punch-drunk already (if prevent to get an electric shock, prevent to drop content) ;
7, step when the overhaul in impending pipeline or canaliculus diameter plastic conduit is mixed glassed steel conduit go up or use insecure uprise installation;
8, electric welder, hand moves the cable damaged such as dynamoelectric tool to cause leakage of electricity, 0 lines damaged or bond;
9, enter operation of cesspool, deep trench, deep pool blindly;
10, winter pipe rack is frozen slip, without defend slippery measure;
11, installation company electric welder does not have electric welding card or overhaul labour did not groom related the course;
12, the exercise on the housetop that stands in the brittle material such as asbestine tile, asphalt felt directly;
13, when altitude works, did not adopt be on guard measure undertakes across works;
14, when altitude works, the 0 lines of electric welder did not receive place solder seat;
15, the district operation that have peculiar smell or produces toxic gas possibly did not wear respirator;
16, altitude fills, when the hole that dig a wall, did not set safe crawl or safety net to wait;
17, clear the dangerous stock that give scatters to lower level by the high level;
18, hold a person with hoisting machinery;
19, nightly exercise does not have enough illume;
20, encounter when having blast of 6 class above or other soup, still work in outdoor headroom;
21, when the exercise inside boiler, without two people above is guarded outside boiler;
22, when the overhaul inside boiler, do not have dump and hang " somebody is overhauled, prohibit closing gate " brand;
23, before the exercise that eat pot, did not undertake be cleaninged effectively to boiler;
24, before the exercise that eat pot, did not analyse can burn content of aeriform chroma, oxygen, toxic gas (CO, H2S) chroma;
25, before the exercise that eat pot, not was like the cop such as raw material, dissolvent, vapour, water, nitrogen to be kept apart reliably to stock cop;
26, in overhauling a process, not right fixed sampling is analysed inside boiler;
27, clear position was not hanged outside boiler " the somebody inside coal tub " brand;
28, when the exercise that eat pot, did not carry out " double check is made " ;
29, the illume inside boiler does not accord with safe volt standard, the voltage below dry circumstance is more than 24V, the voltage below damp circumstance is more than 12V;
30, the overhaul ends, did not check, clear sundry switch on the mobile phone use;
31, work for long inside boiler not rotate;
32, when the overhaul, necessary ventilated establishment is lacked inside boiler;
33, outside glassed steel canister mural face or wall apply solder;
34, enter glassed steel boiler, chamfer inside not laid soft mat;
35, warm up quickly or cool at high speed glassed steel boiler;
36, use glassed steel when coal tub, coal tub mouth or manhole bolt, checkpost drops boiler inside;
37, use glassed steel when boiler, stainless steel boiler, carbolic steel boiler, acerbity fluid enters boiler chuck;
38, choose material without temperature, PH, corrode dissolvability examine and verify, the likelihood puts the situation that has pressure to press special examine and verify without sufferring;
39, the overhaul ends, inside boiler, overhaul spot discretion wait for total space without field of comprehensive Qing Dynasty, check, begin to try already move;
40, the overhaul ends, relevant item was not done communicate in the round, change is examined and approve without affirming, relevant personnel did not groom in the round and understanding is taken over;
41, the overhaul affirms without moving project makings production namely.
Manufacturing technology
1, existence breaks out reaction, lack should be reached to measure groom;
2, optional change throws makings amount or cast makings deserve to compare;
3, improve craft or new technology, did not undertake safety is evaluated;
4, craft change did not pass strict examine and revise, sanction;
5, process is in can light the operation inside aeriform explosion limit;
6, when using expensive poisonous stock, use n operation;
7, did not write craft operating rules to have trial production;
8, the content sex data that did not compile place to use stock and safety use a note;
9, when place is decomposed with material, the quantity of heat of generation without detailed business accounting;
10, the potential and dangerous sex that existence dust explodes;
11, some kind former when complementary makings cannot be thrown in time, the existence when of short duration of the stock inside boiler is put is dangerous;
12, raw material or intermediate body can produce spontaneous combustion or group in keep in storage or disclose risk;
13, all sorts of parameter in craft (temperature, pressure) adjacent and dangerous dividing line;
14, when producing unusual situation, without the measure that discharges reactant quickly;
15, did not prevent to react quickly and check the measure of sharp reaction.
