See whether such Chinese can become aware he reads is too little, is culture too low? Still feel " charactizing a fine spring day " ? Pretty good, language of another name for Guangdong Province writes these sentences, cantonese is looked at very kind, "Boreal fellow " want to read but with respect to water of a mist.
Be located in the Guangdong dialect south mountain obscure to northerner difficult, and even often be by mock " bird language " . Wild nevertheless lily also has spring, in recent years Guangdong is become very quickly most one of province that develop, the mouth is holding a large number of outside people in the arms to get rich next Guangdong austral the dream, accept " bird language " edification. Nevertheless, of Guangdong " bird language " be after all how come?
3 kinds of dialectal Guangdong
Let a Chinese that had not learned a foreign language listen to French and German, can feeling two kinds of languages sound probably is the lie of the murmur in Ji. Same argument, most northerner is right " Cantonese " impression is " a kind I am understood not if " . Actually, main component is the Chinese of Guangdong 3 kinds: Word of language of another name for Guangdong Province, the Hakkas and wet Shan word, it is person of vast seat of government, the Hakkas person and wet Shan person to use respectively, 3 kinds of dialect enter the time of Guangdong and means to have quite big difference on the history.
Can see from inside Guangdong dialect distributinging graph, dong Linhai of another name for Guangdong Province is the world of current state word, northeast of another name for Guangdong Province is a mountainous area give priority to with the Hakkas,
That after all which kinds of dialectal ability is most the most authentic, is the history the longest " Cantonese " ?
From 100 reach Chinese ground more
No matter be word of language of another name for Guangdong Province, the Hakkas or wet Shan word,be for this land to Guangdong " ab extra door " , the dweller of inchoate Guangdong is actually 100 jump over a person.
100 it is a what kind of existence still was not cleared up completely up to now after all more, nevertheless with " 100 " the word will conclude probable the floorboard that is southern varied crowd -- today's northerner meets no less than to differ Guangdong a few kinds that very big dialect returns for " bird language " same, first the about of person of an ancient name for China of the Qin Dynasty also is to do not have too large interest to study how southern at that time crowd is classified after all technically, use however " 100 more " big and the land that turn is wraparound. When those not simply Guangdong, whole south is the 100 the world that jump over.
The language of Gu Baiyue's person did not keep too much record, " the song that jump over a person " it is a few account one of valuable data of Gu Baiyue language, it is the boatman that jump over a person allegedly the chant that fair-skinneds to gentleman of another name for Hubei province of Chu Guoling Yin, textual be: "Excessive careless excessive grants Yan of city of Zuo of administrative division of prosperous Ze Yuchang state Qin Xu Xu Man grants of ooze of clear Chan Qin Yu follows river lake " . Although this jumps over what the person sings,be what language after all still put in controversy, have sign of station of ancient Vietnamese, ancient Dong at present (contemporary Thai, strong the ancestor of language) and even ancient Miao Yu waits a view a moment, nevertheless the person of any literacy looks to come out cannot be Chinese absolutely. Even of catchment of the Yangtse River is such, need not carry more south the mountain that is the ground outside be being changed in eye of Central Plains person originally.
The Qin Dynasty destroys after 6 countries, continue to deliver outspread view to south mountain. Assault 3 times as Qin Wangchao 100 more, be brought into eventually south mountain Central Plains political power is treated below, the Qin Dynasty installed Nanhai county in today's Guangdong, participate in the officers and soldiers south calm down mountain to be south mountain resident, entered Chinese area Guangdong. Increase of force ceaselessly to the control austral mountain as Central Plains dynasty, add south change is emigrant, guangdong area transforms gradually for Chinese dominant area. Among them Pearl River delta is taken, the Chinese that is a center with Guangzhou develops not to provide the dialect of characteristic into slowly, it is language of another name for Guangdong Province namely.
"Fujian of current state person ancestor "
And the origin of wet Shan person and wet Shan word has very big different, current state person has a common saying to cry " Fujian of current state person ancestor " , showing the origin of own ancestor.
Fujian hill much ground is little, the population that can contain is finite, person of the Fujian on the history is ceaseless outside change, china is coastal from distant east the peninsula builds emigrant descendant to Hainan island Dou Youfu. Surname greatly as Fujian forest the surname is afraid is can explain Fujian emigrates to distributing extensively in China most the example of the circumstance, of current and coastal great majority forest surname can Fujian of ancestral restrospect to, even Shandong flourish is become, civil ascend, northward Lin such as Liaoning Dalian can find the ancestor of Fujian Pu cropland.
The wet Shan area that follows Fujian photograph adjacent has river of Han Jiang, banyan, Lian Jiang the alluvial Campagna that 3 rivers form, land is fecund, climate is friendly, the first selection that makes Fujian immigrant naturally occupies a dwelling place. Wet Shan area forest the last name is valuable for the 2nd big last name, occupy total population nearly 8% , contrast to it, guangzhou city forest the surname is the 10th big last name nevertheless, occupy population only 2% strong, confirm " Fujian of wet Shan person ancestor " view. Then, additionally one when development of the word austral the Fujian that Fujian immigrant brings is Guangdong free speech -- wet Shan word.
Where does Fujian person go to, forest where does the surname also go to.
The Hakkas person brings the Hakkas word
Although language of another name for Guangdong Province and wet Shan word coexist in the area austral mountain, but as a result of the area that distributing different, both sides can say general live in peace with each other. However after Song Chao, as a batch of new immigrant enter, language of another name for Guangdong Province and wet Shan word are faced with character of a kind of neologism to challenge, this formidable competitor is the Hakkas word.
The Hakkas word just as its name implies, namely the dialect that the Hakkas person says. Though somebody thinks of the Hakkas person south change history is OK restrospect to the Eastern Jin dynasty, but in light of book of local records of on the spot, the time south mountain of ingoing of the Hakkas person compares person of vast seat of government and wet Shan person to want evening. The Campagna area with Guangdong fruitful at that time each district is developed already basically end, so the Hakkas person often inhabit a region is being developed not easy a mountainous area, if promote and other places of peaceful, Meizhou. Song Chu " eaves of extensive region of peace and tranquility is written down " in area of account Xing Mei still preciouses jade with the She nationality give priority to, meizhou the Hakkas does not cross more than 300, current state does not have a client more. And passed centenary less than, " yuan Feng Jiuyu annals " in the Hakkas person is in Xing Mei area to had succeeded " reverse the position of the host and the guest " .
Green begins work of silver-colored award of peaceful photography contest " promote Ning Zhichen " , xie Yoxiang is photographed. The Hakkas is a mountainous area the scenery is elegant but adverse however agriculture.
Increase of the Hakkas population gradually make a mountainous area bear the weight of the inferior position with population low ability begins to highlight. Then the Hakkas person migrates to Pearl River delta, the language that altered Guangdong again distributings. For example Ming Jiajing year between " Guangdong opens keep in mind " even account " Refuboluo, river source is bordering on (benefit city) government office, criterion speech is identical " , make clear in those days two ground do not say the Hakkas word, but as the Hakkas person enter gradually, rich collect and river source nowadays are with the Hakkas the word was given priority to. As the Hakkas person area of language of progressively and thorough another name for Guangdong Province, the contradiction between guest of another name for Guangdong Province also begins to increase gradually.
Lineal contention battle
The contradiction between guest of the another name for Guangdong Province when those is quite serious, each other have all-around assault and battery, cover a region varied. Notable is, today two a group of things with common features group existence competition relation often can take him is place aboriginal say a thing, be like American Indian, australian native, the Maori of New Zealand all lives because of be in place in respective country the European colonist that the history compares latter-day ingoing far is ages ago and think him behoove gives priority to a person. But the guest family that no matter be the person of vast seat of government of language saying another name for Guangdong Province,still is word of home of a persuasive talker in those days, right however from date Guangdong aboriginal without too large interest, however try every means says him is " Central Plains Gui Zhou " unborn, the other side is local pretty exterminate, if arrange what heart person yellow section writes " Guangdong local history " in with respect to family of a persuasive talker " blame another name for Guangdong Province is planted, yi Fei Chinese is planted " .
Below this kind of setting, language of another name for Guangdong Province and the Hakkas word also are regarded as to be in succession symbolize lineally and evidence. Respect of vast seat of government, old of " Guangzhou sound says " avouch: "Guangzhou square sound closes to be cut at book of charm of the Tang Dynasty of the Sui Dynasty language, for other places place not as good as person, make an appointment with know exactly about sth to carry... to wide go-between sound be apt to person, the top comes more than 1000 years the person move house of Central Plains is wide in, today the sound of the Central Plains when wide sound solid Sui Tang, reason joins closely with what book of charm of the Tang Dynasty of the Sui Dynasty cuts language kernel such also. " unplug language of another name for Guangdong Province come high position of fundamental of Tang Shizhong of the Sui Dynasty. Conversely, the Hakkas word criterion " hard straight " , " make a row of pleasant to hear " .
Of course, to the bring shame on of this kind of brazenly, the Hakkas is unwilling also give the impression of weakness. Xu Xu of the family that be like a guest ever " abundant lake notes " in have a paragraph of absorbing account: "Guest language, although go each with inland the province is small have different, and the sound that its read, what for, countryside well leaves at the beginning of reason, go by inland, everywhere can be interlinked; The custom language of alone and aborigines, still fail up to now strong and be the same as, those aborigines the custom language with me, fail to be the same as with those also, friend still call me the guest, my guests also the custom language with those, fail to be the same as with me also, reason still calls a guest oneself. Guest person to earth character, the custom language of earth and guest cannot is the same as. Criterion earth from earth, guest from the guest, earth its place earth, guest I guest, fear reading hundreds years again, also still Zhu Jin day also. " the Hakkas word since " very " , also no wonder the Hakkas person wants " sell ancestor field rather, do not forget ancestor talk " .
Earthy guest fight with weapons between groups of people causes acute of the Hakkas population to decrease
Although inchoate south the Chinese below is a smoothly place 100 jump over a language " strong and those who be the same as " , but arrived south the Hakkas change when, person of vast seat of government has stood firm in Pearl River delta, have the advantage of respect of political economy culture, "Strong and be the same as " be unlikely apparently.
Increase of the mouth ceaselessly as Cantonese, the contrary sentiment that generates because of struggle for existence between earthy guest also is caused ceaselessly, together with clear the court of a feudal ruler from which provocative, caused large-scale fight with weapons between groups of people even. For example today's 4 city district (Pearl River delta on the west bank station hill, new meeting, open smooth, favour to make the same score, close weigh 4 city) , earthy guest fight with weapons between groups of people especially miserable intense. According to carrying " kill in revenge 14 years, massacre 1 million numerous " .
Long-term large-scale fight with weapons between groups of people exceeds person of vast seat of government far to the injury of the Hakkas person. Although battle of guest brave be apt to, but the base camp that Pearl River delta is vast seat of government after all, person of vast seat of government is average below the circumstance with fugitive failure of fight with weapons between groups of people it how many have some of close friends is OK how many have some of close friends go and seek refuge with sb. relatively, if the Hakkas person is forced to leave home, often can go with respect to nowhere, reduce bandits, turned Guan Junqing into the object of put down.
Final Qingting to solve problem of earthy guest fight with weapons between groups of people, the demobilization of person of partial the Hakkas Pearl River delta raw country of Hui Yuedong the Hakkas and even provincial, the guest family of the area austral another name for Jiangxi Province is not little today the ancestor is earthy guest fight with weapons between groups of people later from Guangdong ingoing Jiangxi. This a series of misfortunes bring about acute of population of the Hakkas of area of Pearl River delta to decrease, if person of the Hakkas before fight with weapons between groups of people of guest of 4 city land can take place,total population is made an appointment with 1/5, and after fight with weapons between groups of people ends, be only 3% . The Hakkas is in the force of Pearl River delta is greatly cut, the Hakkas word also was lost accordingly in Pearl River delta the likelihood of farther dilate.
The Hakkas domain of delta of nowadays Pearl River is not much, the town can calculate the wood of Dongguan camphor tree of pure the Hakkas to have a representative most.
Since earthy guest fight with weapons between groups of people after ending, the language of another name for Guangdong Province of Pearl River delta is in and conclusive advantage was gained in the competition of the Hakkas word, the guest family that live scattered gradually by absorb of language of another name for Guangdong Province. Basis in recent years research, in the dorp of live together of guest of another name for Guangdong Province, the number proportion that wants sign saying another name for Guangdong Province only achieves 10% above, whole village can choose to be intercourse language with language of another name for Guangdong Province gradually, instead of the Hakkas word by language of another name for Guangdong Province " strong and be the same as " . But in and other places of Meizhou of the Hakkas base camp, Hui Yang, the position of the Hakkas word still indestructible, language of another name for Guangdong Province is right this at the end of one's wits. Another name for Guangdong Province the wet Shan east word criterion be oblivious of the outside world, a mu when continue to managing oneself 3 distribute land. such, 3 big dialect of Guangdong acquired the balance of certain level eventually, each occupy the pattern of one party to be formed formally.
Read a link:
Zhan Baihui: " dialect of Guangdong another name for Guangdong Province is schematic " , and south university press 2002 edition.
Liu Ping: " the war that is forgotten: Salty Feng Tongzhi year old fight with weapons between groups of people studies a Guangdong earth guest " , business affairs imprints book house 2003 edition.
