Editor's note
Standing conference puts forward the State Council that held recently again should do away with civilian investment and obstacle of progress of civilian battalion economy in order to reform act. Among them, farther stimulative folk invests and progress of civilian battalion economy recommends priority discipline to civilian capital, its catalog covers the many fields such as career of the sources of energy of environmental protection, traffic, society. The conference invokes economic vigor and power, determined 3 measure: It is the doorsill that issues greater strength to reduce civilian capital to enter key field; 2 it is the additional requirement that cancel and reduces investment of block up folk to enter the field such as provide for the aged, medical treatment, the help solves the difficult problem of the respect such as land, capital, talent, the after the event in enhancing a responsibility is superintended, build environment of fair competition market; 3 it is to had been fulfilled further decrease duty to fall cost measure, especially battalion changes add wait for the measure that reduce tax to want to clutch reach the designated position.
All the time since, civilian investment is regarded as to be the fundamental strength propping up of obtain employment of structure of steady growth, attune, hurried. Since civilian investment appeared 2015 relatively glide substantially, the country published a series of policy and measure. Below the stimulation of these policy and measure, since 2017 civilian investment begins get warm again after a cold spell, grew speed to exceed whole to invest speed first half of the year this year. 3 measure that this standing conference makes clear the State Council will release signal of what kind of vigorous policy again, draw all circles once more the reform act that focusing invokes civilian investment and progress of civilian battalion economy. Chinese economy times monarchs especially now only edition give focusing, pay close attention to please.
Xu Shaoyuan: Arouse civilian capital energy to need power of supply demand volley
-- visit the State Council to develop economy of research center industry to study ministry researcher Xu Shaoyuan
Xu Shaoyuan (data picture)
■ Chen Jing of reporter of Chinese economy times
Standing conference deploy invests with reforming act to do away with folk and civilian battalion economy grows the State Council that held recently obstacle, invoke economic vigor and power. The conference puts forward, it is the doorsill that issues greater strength to reduce civilian capital to enter key field; 2 it is the additional requirement that cancel and reduces investment of block up folk to enter the field such as provide for the aged, medical treatment, the help solves the difficult problem of the respect such as land, capital, talent, the after the event in enhancing a responsibility is superintended, build environment of fair competition market; 3 it is to had been fulfilled further decrease duty to fall cost measure, especially battalion changes add wait for the measure that reduce tax to want to clutch reach the designated position etc.
This is afterwards standing conference put forward the State Council on July 23 " bring folk into play to invest enthusiasm " later, the State Council makes important deploy about item to promoting folk to invest a domain again. Around act of above tripartite face, special interview of reporter of Chinese economy times Xu Shaoyuan of researcher of department of research of economy of industry of research center of development of the State Council.
Policy mechanism hit the point enlarges the crucial obstacle dot that folk invests
Chinese economy times: The conference puts forward " the respect waits in career of the sources of energy of environmental protection, traffic, society, to civilian capital concentration recommends large quantities of one business potential the project with specific mechanism of redound of big, investment, capital of active support folk accuses " . This one measure relatively compare before have specific aim more, to the help civilian endowment enter key domain what to kind of effect will have?
Xu Shaoyuan: Although fixed assets invests before 7 months to grow 5.5% compared to the same period, have relatively reduce substantially, but investment interior appeared apparent structured difference. On one hand, investment of folk of before 7 months grows 8.8% compared to the same period, there is the tendency that rise in keeping firm; On the other hand, infrastructure investment is added fast fall bigger, annual infrastructure investment grew 15.3% 2017 (contain electric power to light air-water) , 1, had fallen July to 2.5% . Below the setting of so remarkable become divided, how to maintain investment to stabilize growth, continue to develop those who invest pair of economy to pull a movement to use, have different policy way. A kind of direction is to raise infrastructure to build investment to add fast, at present " short " the respect fills rise, another kind of direction is to continue to strengthen civilian investment, with " long " fill " short " . Look from the angle of the policy central, adopted the policy of overall to capital construction and civilian investment support, walking on two legs, each ministries and commissions publishs the near future one after another policy drives infrastructure to build investment, for example, national hair changes appoint put forward to increase a few investment to lay in a project, accelerate existing infrastructure to build investment plan; The Ministry of finance puts forward to accelerate a place special debt is issued etc. In the meantime, this the State Council is standing the particular move that the conference raises to drive folk to invest from 3 respects.
Although policy sends force from two respects, but fast growth of before building investment to pass as a result of infrastructure a few years, its are pulled to what economy grows move efficiency far pull under what folk invests move efficiency. Accordingly, in light of the angle that develops from stimulative economy high quality, we should put more resource, bigger energy on the development that stimulative folk invests.
Do away with civilian investment and the obstacle that civilian battalion economy grows, arouse economic vigor and growth momentum to should be mixed from supply side two respects deliver demand side at the same time force. This the conference puts forward measure basically was 3 o'clock from supply side point of view, the main obstacle that in investing in the light of current folk, faces undertakes deploy, have very strong specific aim.
Although be mentioned again and again,lower civilian capital threshold before, break " vitreous door " " single or double acting door " etc, but in light of the condition that reflects from a few enterprises and project place, still put in two problems, it is the redound mechanism that how makes clear civilian capital further. Wait for domain of service line of business in career of the sources of energy of environmental protection, traffic, society especially, the redound mechanism of the project is ambiguous. For instance, after civilian investment enters railroad traffic project, how to fix a price in project operation later, how is the price adjusted, how are passenger transport and freight adjusted, the specific accrual of the project how, not quite clear. This the conference puts forward " the respect waits in career of the sources of energy of environmental protection, traffic, society, to civilian capital concentration recommends large quantities of one business potential the project with specific mechanism of redound of big, investment " , emphasized a government be in when rolling out these projects, want mechanism of clear investment redound. This, hit the point the crucial obstacle dot that enlarges civilian investment.
And this second conference puts forward clearly, "Capital of active support folk accuses " a when have materiality breakthrough more important way. Before although civilian capital enters field of a few services, but still be in weak force, state-owned capital still holds position of control sex, initiative. Capital of active support folk accuses, make civilian capital has greater speech to counterpoise, the operation management mechanism to holding an item, improve project efficiency, carry brace up there is stimulative effect investment faith, next how specific fulfil civilian capital to accuse it is crucial.
Aggrandizement problem is oriented arouse folk to invest motivation
Chinese economy times: The conference puts forward " the additional requirement that cancel and reduces investment of block up folk to enter the field such as provide for the aged, medical treatment, the help solves the difficult problem of the respect such as land, capital, talent, the after the event in enhancing a responsibility is superintended, build environment of fair competition market " . To this, do you have why specific proposal?
Xu Shaoyuan: Through in last few years " put a canal to take " reform, especially the State Council is successive a few years firm is caught " put a canal to take " reform, each district has very big improvement in the construction respect of fair competition environment. But in light of the real report from the enterprise, civilian capital still faces a few difficulty, add in current economy especially fast below the case that puts delay, many civilian battalion enterprises are put in financing in operation difficult, financing is expensive wait for difficult problem, management risk is bigger, although loan policy is enterprise, state-owned to civilian battalion enterprise or it is a government fairness is relevant section, but because state-owned company operation is opposite bigger, and local financing platform and local government existence are recessive assure relation, the bank is mixed to state-owned company local financing platform more " be at ease " , although " policy " fair, but civilian battalion enterprise still is obtained hard " result " the fairness that go up. Be aimed at this one predicament, ought to give civilian battalion enterprise more support, raise credit to assure for example, apply financial tool to take directional policy support to civilian look forward to, more gives to civilian look forward to through be on financial tool more clear, directional the policy that follows with essence of life supports in order to achieve the fairness of final result.
Chinese economy times: The conference puts forward, had fulfilled further decrease duty to fall cost measure, much arrange develops simultaneously reduce company cost. Do to this you have He Jian to discuss?
Xu Shaoyuan: Fall cost is a when face change of current international environment important step, also be the core problem that a lot of enterprises reflect. At present a lot of our country enterprises face the two big change of exterior market, on one hand, in last few years, especially since this year, a lot of countries of the United States, Japan and Europe reduce duty strength bigger, here setting falls, if we do not have materiality reduce tax substantially, will form the difference on cost and inferior position. On the other hand, as the uncertainty that at present Sino-US trade friction brings, the competition ability that should retain Chinese enterprise to go up in the international market, reducing cost also is actual demand. In last few years in the center of fall in clear duty with local government cost respect took a lot of step, but the enterprise feels cost rises generally still faster, the extent that reduce tax has not achieve an enterprise to anticipate.
Reduce company cost to should begin from two respects further. The first, reduce system sex to pay easy cost, for example, thrust of the State Council reduces an enterprise to deal with construction permit recently, shorten considerably further time, it is to reduce an enterprise to be among construction operation time cost, trade the significant move of cost. This respect still has very large space, should farther the State Council about advancing " put a canal to take " , environment of stimulative battalion business is optimized wait for policy to fall to real point. Through set a series of ration are changed, incorporate index, accomplish truly reduce time cost, trade cost.
The 2nd, how to reduce revenue burden and social security burden significantly further, also be cannot evasive problem. Revenue growth is rapid first half of the year this year grow at GDP, the specification reduces company revenue burden to still a lot of jobs want to do. On one hand, ought to strengthen taxation to ask for tubal strength further, create a relatively fair revenue environment for the enterprise. Many people think, reduce company cost to should loosen the strength that ask for a canal, this is incorrect, developing way should be impress be in charge of and fall tax rate synchronism undertakes. Differ as a result of the level that ask for a canal before, bring about burden of revenue of a few companies heavier, and burden of revenue of another some of company is lighter, this brings inequity very easily to the enterprise with abide by abide by the law discipline, henceforth ought to normative taxation asks for tubal strength, make the enterprise asks for the competition below tubal strength and level in same taxation.
On this foundation, ought to as far as possible more reduce the tax rate such as value added tax directly substantially. In the meantime, reduce government spending substantially, improve governmental government efficiency, reduce a society to administer cost. Be like this only, ability creates bigger vacuum to reduce company cost.
Chinese economy times: Besides the tripartite face measure that this the conference offers, you think, from the point of demand side point of view, arouse folk to invest vigor to still should be in what respect makes great efforts?
Xu Shaoyuan: Ought to create market demand for the enterprise further, gain space can stimulate investment of civilian battalion business, such ability develop the area with the most primary market to move action. Investing demand side, it is to should create better market environment, let preeminent company have larger market space. The mainest is to want greater strength blow is fake product, purify market environment. At present great majority product is in equilibrium of supply and demand or the status that seek for be more than, next main growth spaces depend on promoting a product quality, get consumer to approbate with high grade product, make the product obtains relevant price price thereby. This is hit with respect to need fake product, vacate market space for high grade product. Be based on this, ought to strengthen market environment to superintend further, include battalion business environment and the superintendency that sell the market, strengthen market product quality to selective examination, strengthen protection of consumer rights and interests, strengthen the information of product quality to announce through informatization method at the same time, achieve the goal that enlarges high grade product requirement.
2 it is to strengthen intellectual property protection. Present civilian investment is not direct enlarge more very large-scale, and more changed direction to research and development invests and upgrade transform investment, and a characteristic of this kind of investment innovates namely not easy, protective innovation positive result is worse. Strengthen company intellectual property to protect only, the positive result that does not yield enterprise innovation is very easy by other company embezzlement, ability is carried brace up business confidence, the research and development that strengthens existing investment product upgrades.
Reporter observation
Develop PPP project to widen civilian capital enters key domain channel energetically
From the requirement of policy change can see, the channel that civilian capital enters key field by solely invested, accuse, share extended a variety of pattern such as mode of joint-stock, PPP, participate in channel to widen gradually.
Data picture
■ Wang Lijuan of reporter of Chinese economy times
Recently, the State Council holds standing meeting, greater strength reduces civilian capital to enter the doorsill of key domain below the requirement, the respect waits in career of the sources of energy of environmental protection, traffic, society, to civilian capital concentration recommends large quantities of one business potential the project with specific mechanism of redound of big, investment, capital of active support folk accuses.
Li Kejiang of premier of the State Council points out on the meeting, civilian investment is the fundamental strength propping up of obtain employment of structure of steady growth, attune, hurried. Should firm hold to basic economy system and " two do not waver in the least " , investment of farther stimulative folk and health of civilian battalion economy develop.
Since 2017, the effect of each policy measure that folk accelerates to invest steady growth in the center of is shown, civilian investment presents good state. Especially this year first half of the year, folk invests high speed to grow the window that grows for our country economy. Newest data shows, 1-7 month, civilian investment grows 8.8% compared to the same period, increasing ratio increases 0.4 percent first half of the year, than last year the corresponding period is 1.9 high percent. And since this year, investment of each months of folk is added fast all prep above invests entirely and month by month of lead dominant position is increased, first quarter, with 1-7 month folk investment is added first half of the year fast compare total investment respectively tall 1.4, 2.4 with 3.3 percent.
Civilian investment is added fast pick up further and investment of prep above whole is added fast, was 2017 on one hand since the continuance of favorable situation, improving battalion business environment energetically at the State Council of the Party Central Committee, various government on the other hand, eliminate civilian investment " vitreous door " " revolving door coming back " , reduced the time cost that folk invests and capital cost directly.
Nevertheless, civilian capital is in when entering key field, the issue with tall, narrow channel still compares the doorsill serious. Be in early 2010, the State Council releases " a certain number of opinions that invest healthy progress about encourage and guiding folk " major move is to reduce civilian capital investment to enter the doorsill of the key domain such as career of the sources of energy of environmental protection, traffic, society. But in these domains, because invest dimensions,cycle of big, redound grows, join financing system diseased wait for a reason, civilian capital is squeezed an effect apparently by public finance capital and state-owned company.
Accordingly, widen entering channel is the main task that the government is attracted and encourages civilian capital to enter key field. Traffic Department of Transportation ever came on stage 2012 " the executive opinion that carries a territory about encourage and guiding civilian capital to invest highway canalage traffic " encourage and guide civilian capital with solely invested, accuse, a variety of means such as share participate in traffic to carry construction, development.
2016, the country develops innovation appoint wait for 5 branches to combine print and distribute " enter the urban water supply, opinion that lights angry, heat addition, sewage and rubbish to handle a trade about be encouraged further and guiding civilian capital " put forward civilian capital to be able to be passed again solely invested and joint-stock wait for direct investment.
But, because civilian capital participates in state-owned company to change,make recombining difficulty more, PPP mode becomes civilian capital to enter the main channel of key domain gradually. Current, our country accelerated the policy of PPP mode and system to publish rate, increase the promotion strength of PPP mode and investment scope. November 2017, the country develops innovation appoint released " participate in government and social capital collaboration about encouraging civilian capital (PPP) the directive opinion of the project " , the requirement increases infrastructure domain to open strength ceaselessly, prohibit clearly except state law code outside the industry of admittance and domain, uniform open to civilian capital, must not restrict civilian capital to participate in PPP project with any any name, forms.
This year in June, the country develops innovation appoint business association of associated whole nation announcement of print and distribute, deploy each district rolls out a batch of charming projects in key domain. In the meantime, combinative this locality is mixed actually project characteristic, drive cogent relax market admittance, do away with recessive camp, optimize battalion business to support measure environment, clearly, adopt a variety of means to support civilian capital to participate in.
A series of this policy effects are shown gradually. To this year in May, accumulative total of countrywide PPP project clinchs a deal amount is ten thousand nine hundred and forty-four billion seven hundred and fifty million yuan, accumulative total clinchs a deal project 7494, clinch a deal before amount 3 industry is carried for traffic respectively, zoology and environmental protection and municipal project.
Accordingly, want get through and the channel that widen civilian investment enters key field, must accelerate the development that pushs PPP project. Look from the original idea of PPP mode, civilian capital is undoubted most accord with a requirement, however our country in recent years PPP practice makes clear, civilian capital participates in PPP project, no matter be,occupy from what project amount or project always invest than looking, or under state-owned company.
From the point of current condition, first job is to accelerate PPP legislation, the legal laws and regulations of perfect PPP project and working mechanism. To PPP project each just share principal part, must want to make the cooperative bond that has legal effectiveness, give up apprehension of civilian battalion capital, arouse folk to invest enthusiasm, promote each square effective cooperation then, stimulative PPP mode is popularized mediumly in our country market and apply.
Data link
◆ in August 2005, the State Council is promulgated " a certain number of opinions that support about encouraging and conduct the development of economy of blame state ownership such as individual privately owned " , put forward to allow to be not public capital to enter the trade that legal laws and regulations did not ban and field first, allow the industry that foreign capital enters and domain, also allow home to be not public capital to enter, relax the condition of the respect such as equity scale limitation. Allow to be not public capital to enter forestall industry and field, industry and domain wait in electric power, telegraphic, railroad, civil aviaton, oil, introduce market competition mechanism further.
◆ in May 2010, the State Council is released again " a certain number of opinions that invest healthy progress about encourage and guiding folk " . The domain that this policy widens folk invests further and limits, create the market environment of fair competition, equal admittance clearly to be not state ownership economy, market admittance standard and privilege give aid to policy wants to make public transparent, coequal to main body of of all kinds investment treat, do not get sheet to set additional requirement to civilian capital.
◆ in November 2014, the State Council comes on stage " the directive opinion that joins financing mechanism to encourage a society to invest about innovation key domain " , put forward to want to break industry forestall and market barrier further, cogent lower admittance threshold, establish fair, open, transparent market regulation, build the investment climate of right equality, opportunity equality, regular equality. In the meantime, wait for the weak point that economic society grows in the light of construction of environment of public service, resources, zoology, infrastructure, put forward to unlock market admittance, innovation to invest the operation mechanism, innovation measure that pushs diversity of investment main body, perfect price to form the respect such as the mechanism further.
◆ in October 2016, the country develops innovation appoint print and distribute " health of stimulative folk investment develops a certain number of policy measure " , from stimulative investment growth, improvement finance serves, implement policy of tax of perfect and relevant wealth, reduce company cost, improve general management to serve measure, make revise relevant law laws and regulations to waited for 6 respects to advance 26 concrete step.
◆ in March 2017, general office of the State Council is released " the opinion that invests vigor about arousing social domain further " , put forward to want to insist to advance steadily working total fundamental key, with sex of supply side structure reform gives priority to a line, outstanding issue is oriented, with a view to reduces system sex to trade cost, expand available supply, contented mutiple level diversification demand. Want to hold to social benefit and economic benefits photograph to unite, insist to seek profits and be not seek profits classified management, hold to " put a canal to take " the principle such as reform direction, offerred measure of policy of 37 specific exercisable from 5 respects.
◆ in September 2017, general office of the State Council is released again " last about arousing folk to invest vigor effectively to promote economy further the directive opinion of healthy progress " , requirement various places, departmental door should comb what already came on stage to encourage folk to invest policy step in the round, item-by-item examination fulfils a circumstance. Encourage each district the thinking of the method with reform, innovation, solid change, refine, deepen each concrete step, solve the depth that restricts folk to invest growth hard second problem, arouse folk to invest vigor effectively further.
◆ on August 16, 2018, li Kejiang of premier of the State Council holds standing meeting, put forward to want to do away with civilian investment and civilian battalion economy in order to reform act to develop an obstacle again. It is the doorsill that issues greater strength to reduce civilian capital to enter key field. Focusing fills short board, need inside enlarge, steady obtain employment, the respect waits in career of the sources of energy of environmental protection, traffic, society, to civilian capital concentration recommends large quantities of one business potential the project with specific mechanism of redound of big, investment, capital of active support folk accuses. 2 it is the additional requirement that cancel and reduces investment of block up folk to enter the field such as provide for the aged, medical treatment, the help solves the difficult problem of the respect such as land, capital, talent, the after the event in enhancing a responsibility is superintended, build environment of fair competition market. 3 it is to had been fulfilled further decrease duty to fall cost measure, especially battalion changes add wait for the measure that reduce tax to want to clutch reach the designated position. Expedite finance serves hypostatic economy to conduct a mechanism, adopt build loan risk to amend the way such as the mechanism, alleviate small small company and financing of civilian battalion industry expensive issue of difficult, financing, much arrange develops simultaneously reduce company cost.
(Hu Pangen of our newspaper reporter is arranged according to publishing a material)
Mao Jinghui of chief editor Piao edits Piao Jiang Shuai
[Chinese economy times- - Http://www.cet.com.cn of network of Chinese economy news]
