Die formerly about bending, have difference more since Chinese generation, omnibus and character has two kinds of views: One kind is Chinese Gu Yi, Sima Qianwei represents first think Qu Yuan " from Shenyang Mi collect " or " Huai Shisui dies from Mi Luo Yi " (see " history write down a biographies of 84 Qu Yuan Gu Sheng, bend suicide of former heavy river to say namely. This kind of viewpoint from Chinese generation later, those who become pair of Qu Yuan is dead when undertaking study most lineal most authoritative also view. Additional, axiomatic Qing Dynasty in order to fall, have a learned man more to Qu Yuan " Huai Shisui dies from Mi Luo Yi " suspect somewhat, but because lack solid argument and clear conclusion, its say reason not wide. The article tries the one's previous experience from Qu Yuan and religious belief tendency, Qu Yuan the respect such as the about him life circumstances account in work has textual research, to Qu Yuan is to death " Huai Shisui dies from Shenyang Mi Luo Yi " this one viewpoint has doubt.
One, Qu Yuan's one's previous experience and adult the following standing
Qu Yuan's ancestor is cling to person, from cling to the country destroys area of the upper reaches in Chinese water reachs from Sichuan basin driftage after the country. Cling to the person believes witch, ghosts and gods adores Yousheng Central Plains. A group of things with common features in clerical control with " witch " or " wish " give priority to. "Witch " or " wish " be accede with hematic arteries and veins or teachers and students " the start to fight that spread salary " of means generation acting according to legend. Of Qu Yuan familial namely forever with " witch " the old and well-known family that identity inheritance Ba Wen influences, and chase the core that advance gradually manages estate into Chu Guotong, the state that gives Hunan is obtained to surname after (can join Qu Shouyuan " Qu Yuan is clannish one's deceased father " ) , character of minister change place " Qu Yuan person, the name is smooth, the of the same surname of Hunan also. " occupy namely hereat. Change character, bend primary one's previous experience to treat the core of the class at Chu Guotong, its are familial for generations administer cling to a group of things with common features (country of whole even Hunan) ghosts and gods of sacred, communication heaven and earth, medicine, include the work such as culture education even, namely of character of place of Central Plains culture " ceremony " and " happy " , qu Yuan is so probable be " big witch " .
After manhood, qu Yuan " for Chu Huaiwang Zun Tu. Bo Wenzhi, ming Wuzhi is random, approach of lintel of setting out Qi of Qu of H of Sui of Ga hole pry Home Kui is simian Zhui of graupel of bless of tadpole of farsighted bosom perch stops dirty handkerchief Sui of Χ calamity Li protects be jealous of fragrant roll 84 Qu Yuan merchant give birth to biographies the 24th " ) . Hold administrative official part-time with big witch identity, participate in what national policy law makes to make, carry out and diplomatic activity. Brilliant Qu Yuan began him to be about to pursue through " United States politics " the political career that achieves make one's country rich and build up its military power.
2, religious belief of Qu Yuan and view of life and death
Old Ba Wen changed pair of Hunan culture to produce very big effect. Cling to after the ground is gotten by Chu Guozhan, ba Wen is changed also be in harmony took Hunan culture in, develop for what Chu Wen changes laid important foundation. The scholar summed up Ba Chuwen to change shirt-sleeve process: ? Gather up eight? cling to, Hunan culture because cling to person and Chu Renlin reside come-and-go and permeate each other, and old Ba Wen changes pair of burgeoning Hunan culture the impact is very big. Later period, as cling to land greater part brings into Hunan country domain and cling to part of National People's Congress becomes Hunan state countryman, ba Wen is changed basically be in harmony collects the important basis that Chu Wen is changed and became evolution of Hunan culture height. " can see, the height of Hunan culture develops is to build what change communication and Hunan culture to Ba Wen in Ba Chuwen to absorb a foundation to go up. So, those who bend the Hunan culture of former delegate to contain Ba Wen to change necessarily is idiosyncratic. Be current of wind of Hunan ground witch, hunan person is famous with esteeming witch good ancestral temple at the world, hunan culture is changed with mysterious Wu Wen and alone pace annals, matter with deities of oneself believe in and geographical environment on one hand, but more it is to get cling to Wu Feng's influence. A few scholars think the witch culture of Hunan person suffers cling to influence of person witch culture is very profound, accountant graduate project perhaps says Hunan witch culture originates cling to witch culture. The witch culture that combines Ba Wen to change is idiosyncratic the flow analysis that changes Xiang Chuwen to change transmission with Ba Wen, this kind of viewpoint is reasonable.
Qu Yuan is Hunan noble, live for a long time at Hunan ground, get the influence of mountains and rivers-land of Hunan ground scenery and ethos. At the same time he contacts Central Plains extensively again culture and a few otherer local culture, the influence that is changed by Fang Wen of Central Plains and other places. Dan Chuwen changes the core that is its work to be in. Once blend in Hunan culture,Ba Wen is changed, make the one part of Hunan culture, what the Chu Wen on sure belt changes is idiosyncratic. Ba Wen is changed be changed by Hunan, lost original a few elements, and more content that are Hunan culture and spirit.
Bend primary life experience, the place is Hunan ground or by cling to enter Hunan, so " 9 songs " although result from cling to Wu Ge is not however cling to Wu Ge. The witch culture in bending original work is Hunan witch culture, also be at the same time cling to witch culture. The innovation on the basis that Qu Yuan changes confluence in Ba Chuwen just about goes " 9 songs " those who wait for work, his work is the crystallization that Ba Chuwen changes confluence. So, qu Yuan is in religious belief respect, be in necessarily inheritance is old cling to while Wu Xin is admired, be taught by Hunan Wu Zong even the influence of Central Plains religion, in " 9 songs " in the nature that show adores, ghosts and gods adores, idea of life and death, all without exception is such.
Is Qu Yuan's life and death watched how? Be in to Qu Yuan " 9 songs " the dead consciousness that the expression in waiting for work comes out, can we reach such two conclusion: ? Show off? , in bending original work, phenomenal description dies on the history or be opposite is right surmount death " dream is visited mentally " depict, the art that is view of poetic life and death is reflected, it is the poem comes true artificially " United States politics " and the art of state of indefatigable pursuit character is changed, it accumulate containing the poetic distinctive understanding to death and illuminate: ? Does ⒎ invade brandish to promote fatigue haze to pat Cong enlighten does graceful of order loose take an examination of big pool idle?
The most convincing is Qu Yuan is in " Bei answers wind " in think " those who look at a great river continent Zhu Xi, bei Shen Tuzhi fights mark. Remonstrate with suddenly gentleman and do not listen, hold the post of the He Yi of scheelite? " death should not be to be without meaning ground to abandon life, and should be life is terminative, death is the disintegrate that life exists, be new drive generate, it is beautiful sublimate. The 2nd, village " not evil dead " , " be born together to death " the view of life and death of eternity of nature of life and death, life and death, offerred academic basis and spiritual prop to bend former life and death to watch (Tang Zumin, Ceng Yunyan " the dead consciousness that talks Qu Yuan " journal of university of Wuhan science and technology (social science edition 2007 the 6th period) ) .
Notable is, "Not evil dead " , " be born together to death " viewpoint of value is the end product that expression comes out merely, as " witch " bend Yuan Chongxin to wear deities while, what he is pursueing him life of course is perfect: Those who be born is perfect those who mix dead is perfect. Frequently the politics that banish destroyed him is good, but, in his political life and life process, he had come true " those who be born is perfect " , perfect to what die, he knows of course " not evil dead " it is the most fundamental pattern, undertake with suicidal means " evil dead " not just the character that short of passes dead him raising of things to a higher level and spirit, at the same time more short of " amusement god " purpose in order to finish the final sumptuous dinner of life: In ancient time, the suicide is belonged to special abstain from " evil dead " , " die by violence " , the Qu Yuan as koradji won't with one's eyes open.
The place on put together is narrated, watch an analysis from religious belief of Qu Yuan and life and death, no matter be from person child character and mental pursuit look, still be engaged in inheritance of old religion culture from " witch " religious belief sets out, the judgement that thinks Qu Yuan commits suicide lacks real psychological power apparently.
3, about " Peng Xian " and " 9 chapters Ai Ying " interrogative
Since Chinese generation, the person that bend the hold that former suicide considers people, with " from coquettish " in " wish to offer as a gift according to Peng Xianzhi criterion " , " my place Cong Pengxian are resided " , " consider beautiful woman " in " Sai Pengxian's reason also " , " Bei answers wind " medium " husband Hepeng Xian Zhi builds Sai Xi " , " Zhao Pengxian's place is heard " , " hold Peng Xianzhi place in the palm to reside " wait for line in. And Wang Yi " Hunan demit chapters " note: "Peng Xian, dr Yan Xian, expostulate with its gentleman does not listen, throw water oneself and die, " the delegate that is this kind of viewpoint more. So, what person is Peng Xian after all? I think, bend the Peng Xian that says formerly, be not is a person that is called Peng Xian certainly, also may be two people close say, for example Wu Peng, witch closes all say, or Peng ancestor and Wu Xian, similar Kong Meng is Confucius and Mencius close like saying. Wu Peng and witch are salty, it is a witch, pengzu is macrobian, according to legend is Di Yao's koradji. Qu Yuan also is koradji, the one's previous experience of he and witch Peng, Wu Xian is identical, it is the thing of follow a rational line to do some work well for life example with them, what so Peng Xian points to very likely is Wu Peng and Wu Xian. The Wu Zhe with famous ancient time holds the identity of religion, politics, doctor, scholar and function concurrently, the koradji with Wu Xian for instance crackajack since, once participated in government affairs again and accomplish somewhat, mix completely with Qu Yuan's one's previous experience life aspiration conform to. And this 2 people are the commit suicide that throw water anything but, it is the Qu Yuan of life model with Peng Xian so, won't adopt the means of the commit suicide that throw water to end him life.
Same argument still has, " 9 chapters Ai Ying " it is Qu Yuan in Hunan of Qin Jun breach hind be written, a person of academic or artistic distinction of all Qu Xuezhu all asks undoubtedly to this. But be in this work, qu Yuan writes: "Lu Zhiyao of alone capital of the State of Chu is far, river and Xia Zhi cannot experience. If go,be not believed suddenly, up to now 9 years and not answer. " very apparent, after capital of the State of Chu is defeated 9 years, qu Yuan just was written down " 9 chapters Ai Ying " . Capital of the State of Chu just was not committed suicide by the Qu Yuan when breach, there is reason more after 9 years in order to commit suicide " martyrdom " .
The place on put together is narrated, I think, of Qu Yuan dead " Huai Shisui sinks oneself Mi collect " not proper becomes the version that is suicidal martyrdom. This kind of view, do not see any ancient codes and records before Yu Han generation, with Qu Yuan the person such as the Song Yu of life times close is opposite of Qu Yuan be without to death open-eyed. Qu Yuan should be after be being defeated in capital of the State of Chu, nature dies, consulting if Guo Mei waits for a person with the result with computative a way of counting the years of an ancient name for the planet Jupiter, qu Yuan is longevity for certain and eventually. Alleged " Huai Shisui sinks oneself Mi collect " view, also be a fact, it is nevertheless all one's life is gotten in Qu Yuan after year, according to cling to the person's tradition is consuetudinary had boat coffin water burial. Of Qu Yuan " Huai Sha " , saying possibility is the method of this kind of water burial. Boat coffin water burial is cling to a group of things with common features peculiar consuetudinary, boat coffin cuts authentic to become boat entity by whole wood, inside buy inner and outer coffins, to prevent to float, want to use sanded Shi Gu to be surely inside boat coffin. When boat coffin is seaborne on water, funereal person should delimit boat, keep to the boat Sha Shi puts in to reach in coffin wait for content along with bury, make boat coffin sink, in order to finish funeral, otherwise coffin of boat of at one's convenience is seaborne, boat coffin is possible draw close the shore and stop, the body will be exposed outer. What the zhongzi puts in in boatrace of dragon boat of dragon boat festival, Xiang Jianghe nowadays is consuetudinary, divide the out that hears more than 1 gentlemen to think beyond the old custom of sacred dragon god, also be the setting in water burial of imitate boat coffin likely. Boat of classics of dead of this kind of consuetudinary implied meaning goes obtaining second birth toward ground government office, what use nation holds to after Qu Yuan is dead is funerary, want to return native place celestial, see him be opposite this a group of things with common features the earnest of religious belief sincere.
Of Qu Yuan not be the suicide to death with " martyrdom, " and nondestructive at individual character perfect with sentiment exalted. As to Qu Yuan dead " Huai Shisui sinks oneself Mi collect " in Chinese generation the following Confucianism why did the suicide become in scholastic eye with " martyrdom, the paper of artificial intelligence respect " the author discusses other article.
Civil / Gao Han
