NASA
Haing suddenly space points to control system telescopicly
The picture originates network
To astronomer, "Bad news " following sb's heels recently and come.
Because gyroscope breakdown suspends scientific observation,be binoculars of haing suddenly space first. Back-to-back, binoculars of Qian Dela space also enters safe mode. In although latter reason still is being discharged,be being checked, but the condition that also does not remove gyroscope malfunction.
Again forth date from, open general to strap dimensional binoculars to once also was forced because of gyroscope breakdown to transform the binoculars that it is K2 to continue to work.
So, time and again " the strike " what does gyroscope mean for telescopic to the space observation? What other risk can dimensional binoculars still face in aerospace? How to when are scientist and engineer making dimensional binoculars, think again?
Ensure telescopic attitude stability is pointed to accurate
In boundless and indistinct universe, astronomer people the likelihood that means observation is the weather area with specific certain or celestial bodies. The space that how can you let move on orbit is telescopic " obedient " does the ground point to observation target?
"This basically depends on what wait for composition by gyroscope to aim at control system to come true. Gyroscope can measure the floating rate that gives binoculars, the attitude that ensures it can keep stable in observation and point to correctly. " Ping Jinsong of researcher of observatory of country of Chinese Academy of Sciences introduces.
Figure said, dimensional binoculars is in aerial observation basically is to give specific target " take a picture " . In the life, believe everybody has had the experience that tremble because of the hand and takes ambiguous picture.
"And the help that had gyroscope, dimensional binoculars can maintain stable stance, take clear picture through long exposure, satisfy observation requirement of the scientist. " Xu Wei of head of department of new technology of accurate machinery and physical institute space explains optics of Changchun of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
In fact, gyroscope applies in not only lofty in the dimensional binoculars that go up, still perhaps hide in your mobile phone. Press when you when shutter, gyroscope can measure the point of view that skill machine retroflexions, the deviation feedback that shakes the hand generation gives image processor, to camera lens shake direction and displacement give out compensation, take clear picture thereby.
Listen go up, gyroscope seems to having " calm Nereus needle " same result. So important part, nature is easily cannot bad. 2009, when to Ha Bo dimensional binoculars undertakes the 4th times maintaining, astronaut changed entirely 6 its gyroscope, having 3 among them is to increase model gyroscope, predicting service life is longer.
Ping Jinsong introduces, the message that comes from bureau of American country aerospace shows, at present haing suddenly binoculars remains two to increase only model gyroscope is moving. Although be below the circumstance that only a gyroscope runs, haing suddenly binoculars also can keep relatively inefficient job, but should 3 gyroscope work normally, it just has observation the can most efficiently.
The risk comes from the gyroscope of malfunction not merely
Although recent message, mostly focusing the gyroscope at malfunction, but dimensional binoculars moves in complex dimensional environment, still facing a lot of other challenges.
If have these risks sort, ping Jinsong thinks, principal is system of the sources of energy, if once do not have the sources of energy,be ensured, misfired. System of dimensional binoculars the sources of energy is at present main by solar energy sail board batteries is comprised. If solar energy sail board cannot open normally, perhaps cannot work normally because of ageing, "Cut off the power " consequence also is very bloodcurdling.
Next, it is the crucial part that includes gyroscope inside occurrence ageing is out of order, bring the side issue such as attitude control, so that have scientific observation hard.
Look in Xu Wei, generally speaking, designing life period in, the probability of occurrence breakdown of dimensional binoculars gyroscope is lower. And time of train in excess specified length enlists in army brought ageing is out of order, it is very normal phenomenon, can make a fuss of without what.
Moreover, it is the freeboard in the universe can electrified particle is in-house to binoculars the concussion of electronic equipment. Ping Jinsong introduces, below a lot of circumstances, unusual display is the spacecraft that exceeds high-energy and electrified particle to cause, occurrence data of electronic equipment or system or logistic condition jump change, working mode is not controlled ground to switch, logic moves or execute an operation unusual wait for breakdown.
"Have some of electron equipment or systematic trouble, can undertake restarting will have repair to the system through ground working personnel, some can bring about spacecraft to be out of order thoroughly, cannot work normally. " smooth strong loose say.
In addition, in coming from the universe of bigger dust bump, the likelihood brings the loss of telescopic surface appliance. If bump into microscope limb, the likelihood is affected relatively lesser, once the injury reachs lens,the face can affect observation.
Regard dimensional binoculars as medium brunt general, qian Dela space is binoculars of haing suddenly space, telescopic, it is the status that suspends scientific observation at present. In case they retire at this point, the astronomer that has relevant observation demand then people who can you still count on?
Xu Wei introduces, the Zhanmusi Weibai that waits for associated research and development by bureau of American country aerospace, European space bureau the space is telescopic, be at present in intense development. Although its shoot time,deferring all the time. But having " history on the most powerful space is telescopic " those who say it, still be expressed great expectations by astronomical bound.
Do sufficient redundant backup as far as possible to the challenge
Listen go up be like difficulty heavily, but in fact, after most space binoculars enters the space, behave outstanding, can finish not only book the task, still often extended active duty.
For instance, temporary recently " dormancy " Ha Bo space is telescopic, original plan works 15 years " emeritus " , had worked more than 28 years now. Same, the Qian Dela binoculars that designs life 5 years also had enlisted in army 19 years.
Gain such victory, besides should have " the Yue Yong that jump over defeat " besides the heart, the consideration result that when scientist and engineer are designing production space binoculars, backs up to be being mixed redundantly cannot be done not have. Be aimed at binoculars each parts of an apparatus, the design that has one cycle, evaluate, the experience of the test and corresponding industrial grade requirement. For instance, a parts of an apparatus designs life 8 years, it is then actual life may be 15 years or longer.
The space is telescopic normally cost does not poor, the maintenance cost after entering the space special also tall. Be full of sealed dimensional environment to answer, scientist and engineer were done to the risk when the design as far as possible be on guard.
To this, ping Jinsong citing, on system of the sources of energy, use solar energy power supply system while, most spacecraft can carry chemical fuel to serve as complement at the same time. Besides chemical fuel, carry possibly still a few inert gase, its ionization forms the plasma that comprises by ion and electron. Among them, ion is quickened below electric field action ejective, the thrust tenability of generation is longer move.
And the collision that faces likelihood happening, for instance meteor shower takes pluvial dust, besides installation guard, return the operation that can carry area staff member, through changing course implementation avoids let.
Of course, again much mix redundantly backup, and all sorts of postmortem remedy maintenance, not be all-purpose. Again assiduous binoculars has " emeritus " a day that. What kind of a home to return to can the dimensional binoculars after retiring have?
To avoid to produce too much aerospace rubbish, the controlled binoculars after retiring, some meetings according to book an order with all sorts of means burn down. Some can rise to a few taller than earthly synchronism orbit place, be called to be over there " aerospace is sepulchral " .
The not controlled binoculars that remain, the likelihood strolls everywhere in aerospace, gaze at the universe with the means of itself. (Tang Ting)
