"The woman double leg of Zhu Yuanzhang be buried with the dead is broken, show splay " , this is kind of a kind of because of ancient time very special be buried with the dead. After the woman of these be buried with the dead is sent, the appearance after dying to maintain is incorruptible, need is in mercuric perfusion instantly the afterbrain of these women, because of these women or living person, nerve reflex still exists, appear so piece " splay " . What can imagine system of such be buried alive with the dead is what kind is cruel!
"Person be buried alive with the dead " it is a very heavy topic, but should say this problem to be clear about, must carry Chinese history to go up " person be buried alive with the dead " system. Of China " person be buried alive with the dead " primitive and clannish society begins the system, all previous classics servile society, the long evolution period of the feudal society, final die out, this also reflected the progress of human society civilization.
One, " person be buried alive with the dead " the earliest history is geneticBe apart from today inside the relics of 10 thousand summit hole person before 8000, discovered the form of be buried alive with the dead with antediluvian the most original period: A woman of a youth, middleaged woman and an old person, the stone implement tool that tastes only firestone, burnish to pass along with bury and perforative animal tooth adornment, this is the most primitive form of be buried alive with the dead of person of primitive and clannish society.
As the progress of social productivity, appeared gradually the aristocratic estate such as the slave owner, these are factitious after dying, still can enjoy before one's death rich life, so mortuary use many slave to come be buried alive with the dead. The be buried alive with the dead of period of this one history in order to abundant business, the Western Zhou Dynasty is most typical!
1976, grave of a when in Henan province outskirt of northwest of the city that install this world disentombs medium-sized royal family. In hole of person hold a memorial ceremony for discovers all round its 1400 many, the slave of be buried alive with the dead is minor children more, some by behead or curium hand, sufficient etc, horrible. This is not an exemple absolutely, however a kind of common society phenomenon.
The history enters period of age the Warring States, as a result of warlike element, the society is turbulent, economy is destitute, population withered. This moment, ruler accepts Confucianism generally, use a person lesser to come be buried alive with the dead, system of person be buried alive with the dead had decreased greatly than period of Yan Shang, the Western Zhou Dynasty!
" on king of benefit of Mencius · bridge " : "Only then the person that make tomb figure, after its are not had! After its are not had!!Accordingly document account, at that time already somebody uses wooden figurine to replace person be buried alive with the dead. For instance famous " tomb figure of military forces of imperial tomb of Qin Shi emperor " .
The Qin Dynasty displays fair the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor (BC 384 years) give orders formally to abolish person be buried alive with the dead, initiated official decree comes on stage to prohibit in national level the beginning of system of person be buried alive with the dead,
Period of this one history, after beginning to pass into China as a result of buddhism, "Ahimsa " Buddhist thought is progressively thorough popular feeling, also get the self-identity of feudal ruler, system of person be buried alive with the dead tends disappear.
5, arrived Ming Dynasty, why did Zhu Yuanzhang restart system of be buried alive with the dead?After Zhu Yuanzhang builds Ming Dynasty, new open disappear system of be buried alive with the dead, is this why?
A kind of view is, after history of Zhu Yuanzhang labor, realise hind the risk of Gong Gan politics is great, the Wu Zetian of the Lv pheasant that resembles period of the Western Han Dynasty, Tang Chao is waited a moment, counterpoise to make offspring can be received smoothly, he clears away an obstacle for successor absolutely, because this is new open system of be buried alive with the dead.
2 kinds of views are, yuan era serves as north nomadic, its mortuary system is compared than Central Plains dynasty primitive and backward. In the horse but the account of · pineapple: After dying into Jisaihan, in the road that carries coffin, the cruel 2000 much people that will encounter in road kill the person that serve as be buried alive with the dead, still will many 40 had waited upon to become Ji Saihan's woman to also kill be buried alive with the dead before one's death.
After Yuan Chaojian stands, succession person still use system of person be buried alive with the dead. After Zhu Yuanzhang topples yuan of government, this kind of idea still thorough popular feeling, yuan of day that so he becomes an order smoothly also this kind of system.
Basis " bright the wife of a prince after history · passes " account: "Too ancestor collapse, there is many in palace from the dead " . As to specific number, collect a letter commonly bright generation Mao Jiling is written " red history gleaning writes down " the number that attend: "Too ancestor with hill of filial piety of be buried with the dead of 46 the wife of a prince, among them place be buried alive with the dead, ten people of alone palace person.In Ming Yingzong bright red Qi Zhen is in office when, abolished " system of person be buried alive with the dead " , his succession person Ming Xianzong also did not continue to carry out person be buried alive with the dead, in these two emperors insist to fall, system of very cruel person be buried alive with the dead drew full stop eventually in Ming Dynasty!
The system of person be buried alive with the dead on Chinese history is in Ming Dynasty is brief and flourishing, change direction again become feeble and die, reflected the progress of human society, as human acknowledge level rise, today we to feudal and abusive declare war, advocate green environmental protection mortuary, this also is the society gifts our new history duty!
Bibliographical reference:
1, " museum of the Imperial Palace courtyard print " 1988 01 period Huang Zhanyue " the be buried alive with the dead of palace the wife of a prince of Ming Qinghuang room is made " ;
2, " literary history heaven and earth " 2008 06 period Lan Dianjun " system of cruel be buried alive with the dead "
