Why ancient time is opposite salt such attention, still created saline tax?

Ancient time takes saline duty seriously, the reason has 3:

Above all, control easily, impose cost low:

Chinese area is vast, but saline resource distributings extremely disequilibrium, the salt industry resource of opposite concentration makes governmental control rises to go to the lavatory relatively. It is more difficult that mainland country collects tax, comparative and latter-day England and France, british taxation is 2 times of France, but rate of French dodge a tax is England however is multiple, because England is islands, the government should control haven only, imports and exports all is mastering, france is no good.

It is with traditional agriculture duty exemple, 1/3 what levy cost wants to take revenue, it is even 2/3, and Yi Ji sends mass uprising, far be inferior to saline duty.

Next, saline duty is indirect tax, the anguish that folk feels is smaller.

Saline duty is direct to saline trade collection, saline trade changes his in saline price again, although common people has complaint, also be go to unscrupulous merchant, the government is relatively safe, when Northen Song Dynasty, saline duty occupies the 60% above of retail price unexpectedly.

Thirdly, duty radical is big, income is fast.

Everyone should have salt, this is physiology decision, ineluctability, everybody closes on the head a bit, gather rise very objective, when the Southern Song Dynasty, 80% what saline duty takes governmental total revenue for a time.

Should say, install what saline duty does not accord with the Confucianist to cherish one's fellow citizen, the viewpoint of value that taxes gently, so archaic salt duty often related to the war. China already imposed saline tax namely since Zhoudai, saline resource distributinging disequilibrium, also may be inchoate commerce is inchoative, the scholar thinks, the businessman is resided originally on the west, pasturage of be apt to and little salt, must trade with Qi Lu.

Guan Zhongshi, adopt salt monopolistic, make one's country rich and build up its military power achieved inside brief period, this leaves deep lesson for offspring. When comparative period, the benefit of piscine salt still contends for oil in politics of celestial nowadays border general, area yield salt becomes the ground that military strategist in ancient China contends for surely. Japanese scholar puts forward, the the Three Kingdoms divides Wei Shu, it is 3 areas yield salt actually, wei Guo feeds salt of the Huaihe River, wu Guo feeds sea salt, sichuan country feeds well salt, of course, the person that this says Yi Youxue offers different opinion.

Song Dai because domestic trouble and foreign invasion, saline tax income is very high. When bright generation, for stable north, garrison of Great Harmony along the line is more, lack grain for the army however, bright generation is forced to be adopted Sino-French, namely mercantile carry grain despises to the edge, can get saline bill, because this is obtained,peddle saline qualification.

However, the later period in bright generation because centre dispute too drama, the place is basic out of control, bring about spurt in prices of bright generation salt, be quiet day probably 15 times, 6 times of Song Chao, but governmental revenue did not increase however (the 1/14 that governmental revenue holds saline price only, qing Chaoshi 1/3, said before Song Chao, most a long time is achieved 60% ) , intermediate part all is squeezed to occupy by the businessman. Clear acting administration teachs strong, and the lesson takes the place of before punish, attention and civilian rest, energetically depress salt price.

When the side effect that the practice of clear government produces, qing Daichuan salt made a technology have revolutionary promotion, it is to use natural gas to boil salt, 2 it is to use hot water to enter brine pit, again draw-out the water that blends in bittern, means of this kind of mining already was mixed close of contemporary technology height, efficiency rises greatly. Most when peak, from tribute the population of 70% is engaged in industry, move toward modernize extremely likely.

Overmuch to saline price canal accuses Dan Qingzheng seat of government, salt of the Huaihe River gets plain salt impact, hand in duty in order to decrease to threaten local official for the name, and Ceng Guofan plagiarizesends armed forces to suppress the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.established by Hong Xiuquan during the Taiping Revolution. the largest of pleasant uprisings in China's history is badly in need of funds, so force holds out salt of the Huaihe River, plain salt goes out plain be banned before long,

Arrive when Yuan Shikai, nicotian, wine begins to collect tax, the sort of after this consumption tax expands ceaselessly, income rises greatly. Saline duty is occupied than smaller and smaller, so for contemporary to showing person, already noticed saline duty again rarely.