The exam has Chinese imperial examination 1300 old histories, it is the main measure of choose government official. Number One Scholar, be the winner that imperial examinations takes an exam, after the Number One Scholar in them, basic it is to begin be an official, I with bright for you exemple, comb Number One Scholar from the angle of official circles destiny people ending.
The official circles circumstances of bright generation Number One ScholarBright generation 276 years, had held 88 second meetings to try in all, final imperial examination has been held twice after can trying once among them, so altogether gave 89 Number One Scholar.
Look always, compare with clear acting photograph, bright generation is valued quite to Number One Scholar. Usually, jiadouan discharges 3 vessels to hold the position of the post that compares Qing Dynasty to want in the capital, the chance of promotion is much also. Just be in displease the emperor or be in power the ability when VIP is demoted to be local official, and time of this kind of penalty is not long, move Nanjing very quickly again, or transfer into directly capital.
Nevertheless, bright generation political situation is not quite firm, the party contends for serious, eunuch to be in power happen from time to tome, lose power and influence person cannot get preferment, number One Scholar is not exceptional also. Additional, the emperor is moody, chancellery has a bit displease, or the bastinado that use the seat of a monarchical government, or Guan Dayu, or defend borderland, and even big reduce drop, this also affects the government-owned carry of many Number One Scholar and final result.
The official of bright generation is made differ somewhat with other dynasty. The most outstanding is, zhu Yuanzhang arrives to concentrate power in imperial hand, abolished in found a state prime minister is made before long, and with a few great scholar comprises cabinet, as imperial adviser, assistance handles countrywide stratocracy major issue. Although great scholar influence is big, but official not tall, only 5 article. Arrive nevertheless after bright generation metaphase, increase of influence further as great scholar, they often hold Shi Lang, a high official in ancient China concurrently again or other honor is held, official still rose, also be equivalent to prime minister in feudal China actually, people still is used to the ground to call them consequently " " or " slaughter complementary " .
In official of duty of center civilian post, the minister of the six ministries in feudal China with top grade and of examine courtyard left, right drive history, also be only 2 article, of this level have 8 people only normally. Beijing of move the capital to another place, nanjing was become accompany later, also set a corresponding orgnaization, although the name of duty official and level follow Beijing same, but it is sinecure actually. Add Nanjing, 2 taste an official, in all 16 people. Be next to a few a high official in ancient China to reach left, right of drive history is departmental left, right Shi Lang, of examine courtyard left, right deputy drive history, and politics make, Dali temple dear, too often temple dear, mix in the center of Nanjing is gross just more than 30 people. Not from 2 article, from taste and the official of civil service duty that is tasting, so the official also considers 3 tasted duty curule. Tasting 3 fair (too division, too teach, too protect) , from the 3 Gu that taste (protect little division, little teach, less) reach prince too division, prince too teach, prince too protect, still have little teach of little division, prince, prince protects 2 tasted prince less waiting is honor is held only, without fixed number of persons, without award only, also did not handle affairs technically goverment office in feudal China.
Number One Scholar people award commonly into be an official long write, be from 6 article, basically be next between courtyard of member of the Imperial Academy and Zhan thing seat of government flounder preferment. A flight of stairs in courtyard of member of the Imperial Academy is: Serve is read, serve is told, 6 article; Serve reads bachelor, serve to say scholar, from 5 article; Bachelor of member of the Imperial Academy, 5 article. Number One Scholar people climbed 3 class to arrive bachelor of member of the Imperial Academy, average degree with ministerial great scholar. A flight of stairs of Zhan thing seat of government is: Be apt to of left, right assist, from 6 article, with Xiu Zhuanping; Left, right in allow, 6 article; Heart of left, right instruct, from 5 article; Left, right bastard, 5 article; Little Zhan Er's person, 4 article; Zhan Shiyi's person, 3 article. Climb in the end from here, wait for peaceful course with departmental Shi Lang. Otherwise holds a post to the Imperial College, department line of business one person, 6 article; Wine of hold a memorial ceremony for one person, from 4 article. Climb the position of wine of hold a memorial ceremony for, grade also does not calculate low. Number One Scholar people long at literature, participate in the long bun of history likely so, every time a serious work is finished, participator often wants an official to raise one level. Number One Scholar people still not be to give an emperor to discourse on an academic subject to give prince to discourse on an academic subject namely likely, meet festival, also be the opportunity of preferment. Many people make up a book to discourse on an academic subject again already, opportunity more. Had this a variety of is promoted way, as long as do not offend emperor and in power very important person, or have bad luck in other respect, promote easily commonly.
Actually, the official enters Ge Fuzheng to great scholar or be not great scholar and enter Ge Fuzheng, around has travel of Hu An, Ma Yu, Cao Nai, Chen Xun, Peng Shi, Shang Lu, Xie Qian, Fei Hong, Gu Dingchen, Li Chunfang, the period of the day from 3pm to 5pm, Zhu Guozun, , 19 what hold sum total of Number One Scholar. 10% . Among them, ma Yu, Cao Nai belongs to blame great scholar and join cabinet, and have Wu Baizong additionally, ever the 3 people such as , Liu Yan are great scholar and did not join cabinet. Still have the person such as Wu Kuan, Wang Hua, Luo Mohua already the official comes a high official in ancient China, have the voice of cabinet, because officialdom,struggle and not if really.
Hong Wu, build civil year the official is made randommer, and not plan. From always happy the first year of an era or the reign of an emperor (1403) case to bright 241 years when die, there is Number One Scholar in cabinet only 108 years. Visible, the time of in power of Number One Scholar is in the majority.
It is great scholar together of course, because pluralistic situation is different, add hold differ, level difference is very big. And a few without the Number One Scholar when great scholar, often level is quite high also. Hold honor with solid hold close to calculate, before one's death the official has 13 people to what taste. They are:
Tasting 1 person: The period of the day from 3pm to 5pm goes (too teach) .
From taste 12 people: Fei Hong, Li Chunfang, distribution scholar, all be little division; Thank change, Zhu Guozun, Huang Shijun, all be little teach; Chen Xun, Shang Lu, Peng Shi, Gu Dingchen, all be protect less; Piece , Qian Shisheng, all be prince too protect.
2 those who taste in all 14 people, they are:
2 taste 13 people: Ren Hengtai, Wu Kuan, Mao Cheng, Luo Mohua, Weng Zhengchun, Zhao Bingzhong, all be a high official in ancient China of the Ministry of Rites in feudal China; Heart of alga of the Kingdom of Wei, a high official in ancient China of the Ministry of War in feudal China holds a high official in ancient China of the Ministry of Works in feudal China concurrently; Thank one Kui, a high official in ancient China of the Ministry of Works in feudal China; Wang Hua, Zhu Xizhou, all be a high official in ancient China of Nanjing the Ministry of Official Personnel Affairs in feudal China; Yu Huang,
From 2 article (local official) 1 person: Yang Weicong (cloth politics makes) .
3 taste an official 14 people, it is completely 3 article, they are: Zan of Cao Nai, cogongrass, Ding Shimei, Zhu Zhibo, all be man of left serve of the Ministry of Official Personnel Affairs in feudal China; Zhu Dashou, the Ministry of Official Personnel Affairs in feudal China is right need man, sun Jigao, Wen Zhenmeng, in all be right serve of man of left serve of the Ministry of Rites in feudal China, Huang Guan, the Ministry of Rites in feudal China (namely right Shi Lang) ; Ma Yu, Tang Wen is displayed, all be man of right serve of the Ministry of Rites in feudal China; Sun Xian, too constant temple dear; Li Yu, zun Dailang of Nanjing the Ministry of Official Personnel Affairs in feudal China; Lv Nan, man of right serve of Nanjing the Ministry of Rites in feudal China; Liu Tongsheng,
Above enters curule estate in all 41 people, 46 what hold sum total. 07% .
4 taste an official 6 people: Ever , Ke Qian, all be little Zhan thing; Model should period the wine that it is hold a memorial ceremony for; Gong Yongqing, Shen Kun is wine of hold a memorial ceremony for of Nanjing the Imperial College; Liu Yan,
5 taste an official 16 people: Wu Baizong, great scholar of fierce flower hall; Hu An, wen Yuange great scholar; Deal with, Zhuang Jichang, all be left bastard; Zhang Yuan glads, serve reads bachelor to hold right Yu De concurrently; Lai of Ceng Heling, Ceng Yan, Xing Kuan, Tang Gao, Yao, all say scholar for serve; If Lun Wenxu, Tang Ruji, Zhang Yicheng, Liu is slaughtered, Liu Lishun, all be right instruct heart; Han Kezhong, press issue of examine department Qian.
Bright control to the level of great scholar first closer, ever , Liu Yan, Wu Baizong, Hu An although be great scholar, grade is inferior however, because had not given them higher concurrent post and theory in those days,hold. Especially Hu An, when head complementary 11 years, post and rank has 5 to taste only from beginning to end, he also has held duty concurrently, but do not exceed 5 to taste.
4, 5 taste an official in all 22 people, 24 what hold sum total. 72% .
The 26 people that leave are completely 6 article, 29 what hold sum total. 21 % . In this 26 people, have Zhang Xin only (serve is read) , Lin Huan (wait for tell) , Peng Jiao (serve is told) , Chen Jin (right in allow) wait for 4 people to had raised one level, to 6 article, the others 22 people, hold sum total namely the Number One Scholar of 24.72 ％ is on start, pass without preferment.
These 26 do not have preferment or rise only, each have special reason. Among them, die young when having Ding Xian, desolate medium, Ma Duo, Li Qi, Lin Huan, Lin Zhen, apply , Peng Jiao, Shu Fen, Shen Mao to learn, the 11 people such as Lindaqin; Of die an unnatural death have the Zhang Xin, Chen Jiao, 3 people such as Chen Jin; Be demoted not of condone have the Yang Shen, Zhang Maoxiu, Han Jing, 4 people such as Chen Yutai; Do not wish after be thwarted of redo official have the Luo Lun, Luo Hongxian, Qian Fu, Kang Hai, 5 people such as anxious Fu ; Yang Tingjian is bright generation last Number One Scholar, just entered official career, ming Dynasty is ruined. Have Han Yinglong, Yang Shouqin additionally data of two people life is insufficient, reason need checking.
